如何轻松对齐 fstab 条目

Question 1

我喜欢使用column带有-t将列对齐到漂亮表格的选项的命令：

column -t /etc/fstab
proc                      /proc  proc  nodev,noexec,nosuid  0  0
/dev/disk/by-label/Linux  /      ext4  errors=remount-ro    0  1
/dev/disk/by-label/Home   /home  ext4  defaults             0  0

Answer

我喜欢使用column带有-t将列对齐到漂亮表格的选项的命令：

column -t /etc/fstab
proc                      /proc  proc  nodev,noexec,nosuid  0  0
/dev/disk/by-label/Linux  /      ext4  errors=remount-ro    0  1
/dev/disk/by-label/Home   /home  ext4  defaults             0  0

Question 2

#!/bin/bash
# usage: fstabalign [FILE]

# This script will output fstab or other file as column aligned.
# It will not alter blank lines or #hash comments.

if [ -z "$1" ]; then
    FILE=$(cat /etc/fstab)
else
    FILE=$(cat "$1")
fi

# Separate the file contents into aligned and unaligned parts.
OUT_ALIGNED=$(echo "$FILE" | sed 's/^\s*#.*//' | nl -ba | column -t)
OUT_UNALIGNED=$(echo "$FILE" | sed 's/^\s*[^#].*//' $src | nl -ba)

# Remerge aligned and unaligned parts.
while read; do
    line_aligned="$REPLY"
    read -u 3; line_unaligned="$REPLY"
    line_aligned=$(  echo "$line_aligned"   | sed 's/\s*[0-9]*\s*//')
    line_unaligned=$(echo "$line_unaligned" | sed 's/\s*[0-9]*\s*//')
    echo "$line_aligned$line_unaligned"
done < <(echo "$OUT_ALIGNED") 3< <(echo "$OUT_UNALIGNED")

Answer

#!/bin/bash
# usage: fstabalign [FILE]

# This script will output fstab or other file as column aligned.
# It will not alter blank lines or #hash comments.

if [ -z "$1" ]; then
    FILE=$(cat /etc/fstab)
else
    FILE=$(cat "$1")
fi

# Separate the file contents into aligned and unaligned parts.
OUT_ALIGNED=$(echo "$FILE" | sed 's/^\s*#.*//' | nl -ba | column -t)
OUT_UNALIGNED=$(echo "$FILE" | sed 's/^\s*[^#].*//' $src | nl -ba)

# Remerge aligned and unaligned parts.
while read; do
    line_aligned="$REPLY"
    read -u 3; line_unaligned="$REPLY"
    line_aligned=$(  echo "$line_aligned"   | sed 's/\s*[0-9]*\s*//')
    line_unaligned=$(echo "$line_unaligned" | sed 's/\s*[0-9]*\s*//')
    echo "$line_aligned$line_unaligned"
done < <(echo "$OUT_ALIGNED") 3< <(echo "$OUT_UNALIGNED")

Question 3

编辑：

啊，没注意到你的没有 Vim编辑到现在。

另一种方法是将类似的内容放入脚本中。

事情是这样的：

仅提取条目，在注释处保留空行。
将其通过管道传输column并用于-e保留空行，保存到临时文件 1。
提取注释，保存到临时文件2。
paste使用with合并文件-d'\0'以丢弃开头的空格。

保存到文件，chmod +x script_file并以./script_file.可以选择通过指定fstab文件./script_file /path/to/fstab/file。

看起来还好吗？然后./script_file > /etc/fstab

#!/bin/bash

src="/etc/fstab"

[[ "$1" ]] && src="$1"

[[ -r "$src" ]]  || exit 1
tmp1="$(mktemp)" || exit 1
tmp2="$(mktemp)" || exit 1

# Filter out comments and pipe them through column with -e
# Save to tmp1
sed 's/^[ \t]*#.*//' "$src" | column -et > "$tmp1"

# Filter out tab lines and save to tmp2
sed 's/^[ \t]*[^#].*//' "$src" > "$tmp2"

# merge
paste -d'\0' "$tmp1" "$tmp2"

rm "$tmp1" "$tmp2"

维姆：

您可以使用 Vim 脚本。这是对类似事物的重写...

添加新命令:FmtFstab
注释行开头为魔法 #=也被格式化了。（因此，如果您注释掉 fstab 行并希望对其进行格式化，请#=在行开头使用。不和条目后有空格#=！）。

添加到加载的脚本文件中，或通过以下方式手动加载

:so file_name.vim

当文件在 Vim 中打开时，只需说:FmtFstab，它就会被格式化。还相应地格式化标题。

（如果感兴趣的话，我还有一个插入或列出 UUID 的脚本。）

" Split string by pattern
" Return array/List in form : [ length, [len_match1, len_match2, ...] ]
fun! s:StrSplit2Widths(line, pat)
    let lst=split(a:line, a:pat)
    call map(lst, 'strlen(v:val)')
    return [len(lst), lst]
endfun

" Generate a string based on a "widths" list
" @widths: widths to use for each entry in list (format as from
"          s:StrSplit2Widths)
" @lst   : list with text to be printed according to widths
fun! s:WidthFmtList(widths, lst)
    let i = len(a:lst) - 1
    let lif=""
    while i >= 0
        let lif = printf("%-*s", a:widths[1][i], a:lst[i]) . " " . lif
        let i = i - 1
    endwhile
    return lif
endfun

" Format current line according to widths
fun! s:FmtBufLine(widths)
    let lst=split(getline("."), '\s\+')
    if a:widths[0] != len(lst)
        return
    endif

    let lif = s:WidthFmtList(a:widths, lst)

    call setline(line("."), lif)
endfun

fun! <SID>:FormatFstab(...)
    " Comments to include
    let incmagic = "#="
    " Header
    let hdr    = "# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>"
    " Base widths are based on header
    let widths = s:StrSplit2Widths(hdr, '>\zs\s*\ze<')
    " Get all lines (this can be expanded to only do ranges)
    let lines  = getline(1, line("$"))

    " Remove all lines not matching pattern
    call filter(lines, 'v:val =~ "^\\s*\\([^#]\\|' . incmagic . '\\)"')

    " Calculate width for each column
    for line in lines
        let lw = s:StrSplit2Widths(line, '\s\+')
        while lw[0] < widths[0]
            call add(lw[1], 0)
            let lw[0] = lw[0] + 1
        endwhile
        call map(widths[1], 'lw[1][v:key] > v:val ? lw[1][v:key] : v:val')
    endfor

    " Format each line matching pattern
    silent exec ':g/^\s*\(' . incmagic . '\|[^#]\)/ call s:FmtBufLine(widths)'

    " Format header
    let hlst = split(hdr, '>\zs\s*\ze<')
    silent :%s/^\s*#\s*<file system>.*/\=s:WidthFmtList(widths, hlst)
endfun

" ex command
command! -nargs=0 -bar FmtFstab call <SID>:FormatFstab()

Answer