我无法理解 Ubuntu 10.04 中使用的新 pam.d 配置语法。如何设置 PAM 以允许存储在我的 LDAP 数据库中的用户登录。
我已经配置了 nscd，因此id <user>或getent passwd已经列出了我的 LDAP 用户，但 PAM 不起作用，无论是正常的 shell 登录还是su。
更新时间：2010年6月17日 18:45
LDAP 已开始工作。我可以通过执行列出所有帐户getent passwd，但我的 PAM 配置仍然不起作用。
下面的列表显示了我的 /etc/pam.d/login
#
# The PAM configuration file for the Shadow `login' service
#
# Enforce a minimal delay in case of failure (in microseconds).
# (Replaces the `FAIL_DELAY' setting from login.defs)
# Note that other modules may require another minimal delay. (for example,
# to disable any delay, you should add the nodelay option to pam_unix)
auth optional pam_faildelay.so delay=3000000
# Outputs an issue file prior to each login prompt (Replaces the
# ISSUE_FILE option from login.defs). Uncomment for use
# auth required pam_issue.so issue=/etc/issue
# Disallows root logins except on tty's listed in /etc/securetty
# (Replaces the `CONSOLE' setting from login.defs)
# Note that it is included as a "required" module. root will be
# prompted for a password on insecure ttys.
# If you change it to a "requisite" module, make sure this does not leak
# user name information.
auth required pam_securetty.so
# Disallows other than root logins when /etc/nologin exists
# (Replaces the `NOLOGINS_FILE' option from login.defs)
auth requisite pam_nologin.so
# SELinux needs to be the first session rule. This ensures that any
# lingering context has been cleared. Without out this it is possible
# that a module could execute code in the wrong domain.
# When the module is present, "required" would be sufficient (When SELinux
# is disabled, this returns success.)
session [success=ok ignore=ignore module_unknown=ignore default=bad] pam_selinux.so close
# This module parses environment configuration file(s)
# and also allows you to use an extended config
# file /etc/security/pam_env.conf.
#
# parsing /etc/environment needs "readenv=1"
session required pam_env.so readenv=1
# locale variables are also kept into /etc/default/locale in etch
# reading this file *in addition to /etc/environment* does not hurt
session required pam_env.so readenv=1 envfile=/etc/default/locale
# Standard Un*x authentication.
@include common-auth
# This allows certain extra groups to be granted to a user
# based on things like time of day, tty, service, and user.
# Please edit /etc/security/group.conf to fit your needs
# (Replaces the `CONSOLE_GROUPS' option in login.defs)
auth optional pam_group.so
# Uncomment and edit /etc/security/time.conf if you need to set
# time restrainst on logins.
# (Replaces the `PORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB' option from login.defs
# as well as /etc/porttime)
# account requisite pam_time.so
# Uncomment and edit /etc/security/access.conf if you need to
# set access limits.
# (Replaces /etc/login.access file)
# account required pam_access.so
# Sets up user limits according to /etc/security/limits.conf
# (Replaces the use of /etc/limits in old login)
session required pam_limits.so
# Prints the last login info upon succesful login
# (Replaces the `LASTLOG_ENAB' option from login.defs)
session optional pam_lastlog.so
# Prints the motd upon succesful login
# (Replaces the `MOTD_FILE' option in login.defs)
session optional pam_motd.so
# Prints the status of the user's mailbox upon succesful login
# (Replaces the `MAIL_CHECK_ENAB' option from login.defs).
#
# This also defines the MAIL environment variable
# However, userdel also needs MAIL_DIR and MAIL_FILE variables
# in /etc/login.defs to make sure that removing a user
# also removes the user's mail spool file.
# See comments in /etc/login.defs
session optional pam_mail.so standard
# Standard Un*x account and session
@include common-account
@include common-session
@include common-password
# SELinux needs to intervene at login time to ensure that the process
# starts in the proper default security context. Only sessions which are
# intended to run in the user's context should be run after this.
session [success=ok ignore=ignore module_unknown=ignore default=bad] pam_selinux.so open
# When the module is present, "required" would be sufficient (When SELinux
# is disabled, this returns success.)
以下列表显示了我的 /etc/pam.d/common-auth
#
# /etc/pam.d/common-auth - authentication settings common to all services
#
# This file is included from other service-specific PAM config files,
# and should contain a list of the authentication modules that define
# the central authentication scheme for use on the system
# (e.g., /etc/shadow, LDAP, Kerberos, etc.). The default is to use the
# traditional Unix authentication mechanisms.
#
# As of pam 1.0.1-6, this file is managed by pam-auth-update by default.
# To take advantage of this, it is recommended that you configure any
# local modules either before or after the default block, and use
# pam-auth-update to manage selection of other modules. See
# pam-auth-update(8) for details.
# here are the per-package modules (the "Primary" block)
auth [success=2 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure
auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_ldap.so use_first_pass
# here's the fallback if no module succeeds
auth requisite pam_deny.so
# prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already;
# this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code
# since the modules above will each just jump around
auth required pam_permit.so
# and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block)
# end of pam-auth-update config
答案1
将 pam 文件恢复到原始版本。安装 libnss-ldap 包，它将 ldap 访问集成到 pam 中。您可能还想安装 nscd。
在 /etc/ldap.conf 中配置您的服务器。
编辑 /etc/nsswitch.conf，将 ldap 添加到 passwd group 和 shadow 的行尾。
密码：兼容 ldap 组：兼容 ldap 影子：兼容 ldap
检查“sudo getent shadow”是否适用于 ldap 条目。检查您是否可以使用 /etc/ldap.conf 连接数据从 ldap-utils 使用 ldap-search 获取经过身份验证的连接。
根据您的配置，您还必须在 /etc/ldap.conf 中配置 ssl 值。
答案2
- 首先，你需要打开你最喜欢的包管理器并安装 libpam-ldap
- 一旦开始解压软件包，您将被问及几个问题：
。LDAP 服务器的 IP 地址/主机名
。LDAP 域的搜索基础等... - 现在您需要定制 PAM 以使其使用 LDAP 进行身份验证：
sudo vi /etc/pam.d/login - 您需要在现有行上方添加一行：
- 一旦开始解压软件包，您将被问及几个问题：
身份验证充分 pam_ldap.so
身份验证需要 pam_unix.so try_first_pass
或者修改 common-auth 文件