当前使用 vsftpd 运行 CentOS 6.5。
我想解释一下我的流程，然后让我从头开始向我解释正确的流程，我相信这会解决我的问题。
我目前可以通过 FTP 从我的“root”用户帐户登录我的服务器，但我知道这是不好的做法。所以我需要做的是创建另一个本地用户/虚拟用户（我真的不知道），以便能够通过 FTP 访问“/var/www”目录。
（我只是需要说明我可以开始上传网络文件，因为我是一名网络程序员，而不是系统管理员 - 但我对有一个专用服务器可以使用感到非常惊喜。）
最初，我创建了一个本地用户，但只能通过 FTP 传输“主”用户目录。因此，我接下来尝试通过 CHROOT (vsftpd.conf) 解除该用户的监禁。这有点奏效了；父目录是可见的，但是通过 FTP 导航到它们后，所有内容都消失了（可能是权限问题，我不知道）。接下来，我尝试重新启动本地用户，然后将其“home”目录从“/home/”修改为“/var/www”。尝试之后，我通过 FTP 登录，然后看不到任何内容，因此另一次失败。此后，我将用户的“home”目录返回到“/home/”，并爬到 SOF 上，感到非常困惑。
vsftpd.conf
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.
# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES
# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.
# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=NO
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES
pasv_enable=YES
pasv_min_port=50000
pasv_max_port=51000
port_enable=YES
pasv_address=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
pasv_addr_resolve=NO
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
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答案1
首先，我在 /var/www/ 和我的家之间创建一个符号链接，它的作用是，当你登陆 /home/usr 时，你可以转到 /home/usr/www ，它会将你重定向到 /var/万维网
例如。
cd /home/usr
sudo ln -s /var/www www
在 /var/www 上执行 ls -lrt
ls -lrt /var/www/
现在确保您的 usr 是拥有 www 的组的一部分。这告诉你谁拥有该目录，如果它是 root:root，这是一个不好的做法，具体取决于你的发行版，它可能是 www-data 或 apache 等。
cat /etc/group | grep -e apache -e http -e ftp -e www
apache:x:48:
如果 usr 位于结果的末尾，则您的 usr 是该组的一部分如果您没有拥有 www 且它是 root 的组：root 创建一个组
groupadd www-data
假设该组是 www-data
sudo adduser usr www-data
现在让你的用户成为 www 的老板
sudo chown usr:www-data -R /var/www
设置www的正确权限
sudo chmod 0755 -R /var/www
sudo chmod g+s -R /var/www