我有一台在 VirtualBox 中运行的 Ubuntu 10.10 服务器，其中安装了 OpenSSH。我已将主机上的端口 8888 转发到客户机上的端口 80，并将主机上的端口 2222 转发到客户机上的端口 22。出于某种原因，我可以使用 localhost:2222 顺利通过 SSH 进入此服务器，但当我尝试在 localhost:2222 使用 WinSCP 进行 SFTP 时，我收到“连接被拒绝”错误。这是我的 sshd_config 文件，希望对您有所帮助：
# Package generated configuration file
# See the sshd_config(5) manpage for details
# What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for
Port 22
# Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to
#ListenAddress ::
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
Protocol 2
# HostKeys for protocol version 2
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
#Privilege Separation is turned on for security
UsePrivilegeSeparation yes
# Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key
KeyRegenerationInterval 3600
ServerKeyBits 768
# Logging
SyslogFacility AUTH
LogLevel INFO
# Authentication:
LoginGraceTime 120
PermitRootLogin yes
StrictModes yes
RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
#AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys
# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
IgnoreRhosts yes
# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts
RhostsRSAAuthentication no
# similar for protocol version 2
HostbasedAuthentication no
# Uncomment if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for RhostsRSAAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes
# To enable empty passwords, change to yes (NOT RECOMMENDED)
PermitEmptyPasswords no
# Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with
# some PAM modules and threads)
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
# Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords
#PasswordAuthentication yes
# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosGetAFSToken no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes
# GSSAPI options
#GSSAPIAuthentication no
#GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes
X11Forwarding yes
X11DisplayOffset 10
PrintMotd no
PrintLastLog yes
TCPKeepAlive yes
#UseLogin no
#MaxStartups 10:30:60
#Banner /etc/issue.net
# Allow client to pass locale environment variables
AcceptEnv LANG LC_*
Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server
# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
UsePAM yes
更新：出于好奇，我安装了 FileZilla 并尝试连接。它运行正常。显然问题出在 WinSCP 端，而不是服务器端。我会进一步研究一下。
答案1
我认为 sftp 不允许你添加:port主机名末尾的字符。你可以尝试
sftp -o Port=2222 localhost
反而
答案2
嗯，我不确定该怎么做，所以我想我会自己回答这个问题。我发布了这个问题的更新，但似乎有人错过了它。
出于好奇，我安装了 FileZilla 并尝试连接它。它运行正常。显然问题出在 WinSCP 端，而不是服务器上。
答案3
以下对我有用：psftp.exe localhost -P 2222
假设端口转发是主机 22 的客户机 2222
答案4
检查您的 IPS/IPS 是否阻止 openssh-challenge-response-bo。