我有一个运行 Web 应用程序的 Tomcat 服务器,该服务器必须通过同一台机器上的 Hibernate 访问 mysql 服务器。
因此,我在 iptables 脚本中添加了端口 3306 的规则,但由于某种原因,tomcat 无法连接到 mysql 服务器。我需要重置所有 iptables 规则 - 然后 tomcat 才能再次连接到 mysql 服务器。
但所有其他 iptables 规则均能完美运行。
怎么了?
这是我的脚本:
iptables -A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s localhost --dport 8009 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d localhost --dport 8009 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s localhost --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d localhost --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 587 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 587 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 465 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 465 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 110 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 110 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 995 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 995 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 143 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 143 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 993 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 993 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -j DROP
我的 /etc/hosts 文件:
# nameserver config
# IPv4
127.0.0.1 localhost
46.4.7.93 mydomain.com
46.4.7.93 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal
46.4.7.93 horst
# IPv6
::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
ff02::3 ip6-allhosts
查看 iptables 日志后,我发现了以下信息:
Jun 22 16:52:43 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 435.111780] denied-input IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.0.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=52432 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=56108 DPT=8009 WINDOW=32792 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
Jun 22 16:52:46 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 438.110555] denied-input IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.0.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=52433 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=56108 DPT=8009 WINDOW=32792 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
Jun 22 16:52:46 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 438.231954] denied-input IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.0.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=48020 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=56109 DPT=8009 WINDOW=32792 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
Jun 22 16:52:49 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 441.229778] denied-input IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.0.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=48021 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=56109 DPT=8009 WINDOW=32792 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
Jun 22 16:53:57 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 508.731839] denied-input IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=6c:62:6d:85:bf:0e:00:26:88:75:dc:01:08:00 SRC=78.92.97.67 DST=46.4.7.93 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=122 ID=23053 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=1672 DPT=445 WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
Jun 22 16:53:59 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 511.625038] denied-input IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=6c:62:6d:85:bf:0e:00:26:88:75:dc:01:08:00 SRC=78.92.97.67 DST=46.4.7.93 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=122 ID=23547 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=1672 DPT=445 WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
Jun 22 16:54:22 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 533.981995] denied-input IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=6c:62:6d:85:bf:0e:00:26:88:75:dc:01:08:00 SRC=27.254.39.16 DST=46.4.7.93 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=117 ID=6549 PROTO=TCP SPT=6005 DPT=33796 WINDOW=64240 RES=0x00 ACK SYN URGP=0
Jun 22 16:54:44 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 556.297038] denied-input IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=6c:62:6d:85:bf:0e:00:26:88:75:dc:01:08:00 SRC=94.78.93.41 DST=46.4.7.93 LEN=40 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=52 ID=7712 PROTO=TCP SPT=57598 DPT=445 WINDOW=512 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
更新:添加额外的日志信息(iptables -L INPUT -v -n
和iptables -L OUTPUT -v -n
)后,运行脚本后我立即得到:
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:24
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 127.0.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8009 state ESTABLISHED
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 127.0.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:3306
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 state ESTABLISHED
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:587 state ESTABLISHED
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:465 state ESTABLISHED
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:110 state ESTABLISHED
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:995 state ESTABLISHED
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:143 state ESTABLISHED
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:993 state ESTABLISHED
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 127.0.0.1 tcp dpt:8009
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 127.0.0.1 tcp spt:3306 flags:!0x17/0x02
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:587
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:465
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:110
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:995
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:143
0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:993
Syslog 说:
Jun 22 23:59:16 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 546.919862] denied-input IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.0.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=20787 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=60809 DPT=8009 WINDOW=32792 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
Jun 22 23:59:19 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 549.917002] denied-input IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.0.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=20788 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=60809 DPT=8009 WINDOW=32792 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
Jun 22 23:59:19 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 550.036103] denied-input IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.0.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=7078 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=60810 DPT=8009 WINDOW=32792 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
Jun 22 23:59:22 Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal kernel: [ 553.026132] denied-input IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.0.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=7079 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=60810 DPT=8009 WINDOW=32792 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
答案1
这
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s localhost --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d localhost --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
应该
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s localhost --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d localhost --sport 3306 ! --syn -j ACCEPT
相反。你希望你的应答数据包也返回 - 这些将设置 tcp/3306 作为来源港口。
顺便说一句:出于调试目的,最好将最后一行替换为丢弃所有流量
iptables -A INPUT -j DROP
更直观的方式
iptables -A INPUT -m limit --limit 10/minute -j LOG --log-prefix "denied-input "
iptables -A INPUT -j REJECT
您将在其中找到记录到 syslog 中的丢弃数据包的特征(至少在一定程度上 - 为了防止打开 DoS 攻击媒介,在此示例中,记录限制为每分钟 10 个事件),因此您可以留意它们。
答案2
首先,你能连接到端口吗?例如:
[rilindo@centos sysconfig]$ telnet 127.0.0.1 3306
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).
Escape character is '^]'.
4
5.0.77-3W@yaYx,sYD)?AhgN2LgConnection closed by foreign host.
此外,你可能需要调整 iptables,以便它能够匹配 TCP 规则
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp -s 127.0.0.1 --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
(FWIW,我加载了在我的 Ubuntu 实例(10.4)上提供的规则集,并且运行该规则集后,我就可以连接到 mySQL)。