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如何使用口是心非排除除特定文件之外的所有文件？

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如何使用口是心非排除除特定文件之外的所有文件？

我试图只使用口是心非备份特定文件，所以我首先使用了这个命令：

duplicity /source-path --include "**/*/*.txt" --include "**/*/*.xml" /dest-path

但这会产生以下错误：

Last selection expression:
    Command-line include glob: **/*/*.txt
only specifies that files be included.  Because the default is to
include all files, the expression is redundant.  Exiting because this
probably isn't what you meant.

然后我尝试排除所有内容，然后仅包含我需要的内容：

duplicity /source-path --exclude "**/*" --include "**/*/*.txt" --include "**/*/*.xml" /dest-path

但我仍然遇到同样的错误。我将如何做到这一点，基本上只备份源上的 .txt 和 .xml ？

答案1

在如何包含和排除文件的多种变体的长篇描述中，似乎有一个最重要的句子：

当第一个匹配的文件选择条件指定排除给定文件时，文件选择系统准确地排除该文件。

据此，您首先需要为您想要的文件提供一个包含选项，以便它们在那里匹配，并且第一个匹配不能再是排除。有一个排除选项来匹配所有内容。之前匹配的文件不会受到影响，但现在排除其他所有文件：

 duplicity ... --include "**/*/*.txt" --exclude "**/*" src dest

对于你的例子来说，那就是

 duplicity /source-path --include "**/*/*.txt" --include "**/*/*.xml"  --exclude "**/*" /dest-path

要了解哪些文件是匹配的，您可以使用试运行，而不更改任何内容，并通过日志记录来列出匹配的文件：

duplicity --dry-run --no-encryption -v info --include ... --exclude ... src dest


从man duplicity:

 FILE SELECTION
        duplicity accepts the same file selection options rdiff-backup does,
        including --exclude, --exclude-filelist-stdin, etc.

        When duplicity is run, it searches through the given source directory
        and backs up all the files specified by the file selection system.  The
        file selection system comprises a number of file selection conditions,
        which are set using one of the following command line options:
               --exclude
               [  ...  ]
               --include-regexp
        Each file selection condition either matches or doesn't match a given
        file.  A given file is excluded by the file selection system exactly
        when the first matching file selection condition specifies that the
        file be excluded; otherwise the file is included.

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