我将 ZSH 与“OH MY ZSH”一起使用。
在“OH MY ZSH”变量中$GREP_OPTIONS导出多个值：
$ echo $GREP_OPTIONS
--color=auto --exclude-dir=.cvs --exclude-dir=.git --exclude-dir=.hg --exclude-dir=.svn
但是当我尝试使用时，grep我看到了有关 的帮助grep。
如果我设置$GREP_OPTIONS单一值就一切正常
$ export GREP_OPTIONS='--color=auto'
$ ls -l ~/ | grep .zsh
drwxr-xr-x 11 petr petr 4096 Sep 10 09:23 .oh-my-zsh
drwxr-xr-x 4 petr petr 4096 Sep 24 13:10 .zsh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 petr petr 19 Sep 22 12:24 .zshenv -> /home/petr/.zsh/env
-rw-r--r-- 1 petr petr 5141 Sep 23 10:31 .zshrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 petr petr 17 Sep 24 12:19 .zsh-update
我在 Tmux 工作。但在纯终端中也会发生这种情况。
我的 ZSH 配置我的 GitHub。
更新例子。
设置几个grep选项：
$ export GREP_OPTIONS='--color=auto --exclude-dir=.git'
$ ls -al ~/ | grep zsh
Usage: grep [OPTION]... PATTERN [FILE]...
Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input.
PATTERN is, by default, a basic regular expression (BRE).
Example: grep -i 'hello world' menu.h main.c
Regexp selection and interpretation:
-E, --extended-regexp PATTERN is an extended regular expression (ERE)
-F, --fixed-strings PATTERN is a set of newline-separated fixed strings
-G, --basic-regexp PATTERN is a basic regular expression (BRE)
-P, --perl-regexp PATTERN is a Perl regular expression
-e, --regexp=PATTERN use PATTERN for matching
-f, --file=FILE obtain PATTERN from FILE
-i, --ignore-case ignore case distinctions
-w, --word-regexp force PATTERN to match only whole words
-x, --line-regexp force PATTERN to match only whole lines
-z, --null-data a data line ends in 0 byte, not newline
Miscellaneous:
-s, --no-messages suppress error messages
-v, --invert-match select non-matching lines
-V, --version print version information and exit
--help display this help and exit
--mmap deprecated no-op; evokes a warning
Output control:
-m, --max-count=NUM stop after NUM matches
-b, --byte-offset print the byte offset with output lines
-n, --line-number print line number with output lines
--line-buffered flush output on every line
-H, --with-filename print the file name for each match
-h, --no-filename suppress the file name prefix on output
--label=LABEL use LABEL as the standard input file name prefix
-o, --only-matching show only the part of a line matching PATTERN
-q, --quiet, --silent suppress all normal output
--binary-files=TYPE assume that binary files are TYPE;
TYPE is 'binary', 'text', or 'without-match'
-a, --text equivalent to --binary-files=text
-I equivalent to --binary-files=without-match
-d, --directories=ACTION how to handle directories;
ACTION is 'read', 'recurse', or 'skip'
-D, --devices=ACTION how to handle devices, FIFOs and sockets;
ACTION is 'read' or 'skip'
-r, --recursive like --directories=recurse
-R, --dereference-recursive likewise, but follow all symlinks
--include=FILE_PATTERN search only files that match FILE_PATTERN
--exclude=FILE_PATTERN skip files and directories matching FILE_PATTERN
--exclude-from=FILE skip files matching any file pattern from FILE
--exclude-dir=PATTERN directories that match PATTERN will be skipped.
-L, --files-without-match print only names of FILEs containing no match
-l, --files-with-matches print only names of FILEs containing matches
-c, --count print only a count of matching lines per FILE
-T, --initial-tab make tabs line up (if needed)
-Z, --null print 0 byte after FILE name
Context control:
-B, --before-context=NUM print NUM lines of leading context
-A, --after-context=NUM print NUM lines of trailing context
-C, --context=NUM print NUM lines of output context
-NUM same as --context=NUM
--color[=WHEN],
--colour[=WHEN] use markers to highlight the matching strings;
WHEN is 'always', 'never', or 'auto'
-U, --binary do not strip CR characters at EOL (MSDOS/Windows)
-u, --unix-byte-offsets report offsets as if CRs were not there
(MSDOS/Windows)
'egrep' means 'grep -E'. 'fgrep' means 'grep -F'.
Direct invocation as either 'egrep' or 'fgrep' is deprecated.
When FILE is -, read standard input. With no FILE, read . if a command-line
-r is given, - otherwise. If fewer than two FILEs are given, assume -h.
Exit status is 0 if any line is selected, 1 otherwise;
if any error occurs and -q is not given, the exit status is 2.
Report bugs to: [email protected]
GNU Grep home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/grep/>
General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
设置单个选项：
$ export GREP_OPTIONS='--color=auto'
$ ls -al ~/ | grep zsh
drwxr-xr-x 11 petr petr 4096 Sep 10 09:23 .oh-my-zsh
drwxr-xr-x 4 petr petr 4096 Sep 24 14:25 .zsh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 petr petr 19 Sep 22 12:24 .zshenv -> /home/petr/.zsh/env
-rw-r--r-- 1 petr petr 5141 Sep 23 10:31 .zshrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 petr petr 17 Sep 24 12:19 .zsh-update
更新2
ZSH版本：zsh 5.0.2 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
格雷普版本：grep (GNU grep) 2.16
如果在命令行中添加选项则可以正常工作：
$ unset GREP_OPTIONS
$ ls -al ~/ | grep --color=auto --exclude-dir=.git zsh
drwxr-xr-x 11 petr petr 4096 Sep 10 09:23 .oh-my-zsh
drwxr-xr-x 4 petr petr 4096 Sep 24 15:45 .zsh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 petr petr 19 Sep 22 12:24 .zshenv -> /home/petr/.zsh/env
lrwxrwxrwx 1 petr petr 18 Sep 24 15:17 .zshrc -> /home/petr/.zsh/rc
-rw-r--r-- 1 petr petr 17 Sep 24 12:19 .zsh-update
答案1
您已grep为 指定了别名grep $GREP_OPTIONS。不要这样做：GNUgrep命令本身会解析GREP_OPTIONS环境变量。
如果要将选项放入变量中的命令，请将该变量设置为数组，并且不要导出它（无论如何都不能导出数组，环境变量只有字符串值）。
LS_OPTIONS=(--color=auto -q)
alias ls='ls $LS_OPTIONS'
如果您有一个带有字符串值的选项列表（例如因为它是通过环境传递的），则需要将其拆分。与使用数组相比，这种方法的缺点是空格将成为选项分隔符，选项中不能有空格。用于$=VAR将 的值拆分VAR为空格上的单独单词（或者更一般地说，拆分为 中的字符IFS），就像其他 shell 所做的那样（zsh 不会使用 扩展通配符$=VAR，使用$~VAR来扩展通配符并$=~VAR同时执行这两种操作）。
PSGREP_OPTIONS很危险，因为它适用于可能依赖于它们传递给的确切选项集的脚本grep。--color=auto是您可以放在那里的唯一安全的东西；是均匀的自 grep 2.21 起正式弃用。最好为grep自己设置一个别名（如果您使用它们的话egrep）fgrep：
my_grep_options=(--color=auto --exclude-dir=.cvs --exclude-dir=.git --exclude-dir=.hg --exclude-dir=.svn)
alias grep='grep $my_grep_options' egrep='grep -E $my_grep_options' fgrep='grep -F $my_grep_options'