Sed/awk/perl:修改保留部分的文本并与列对齐

Sed/awk/perl:修改保留部分的文本并与列对齐

我有这样的文字:

A1JOURNEY0TO1
    .BYTE 00, 00, 00
A2JOURNEY0TO2
    .BYTE 00, 01, 00
A3JOURNEY1TO0
    .BYTE 00, 01, 01

我需要:

JOURNEY_01                               ; 00 TO 01
    .BYTE 00, 00, 00
JOURNEY_02                               ; 00 TO 02
    .BYTE 00, 01, 00
JOURNEY_03                               ; 01 TO 00
    .BYTE 00, 01, 01

依此类推,其中“;”需要位于该行的第 41 个字符处,并且“TO”之前和之后使用的值取自该行开头的文本字符串。

答案1

详细信息将取决于您的输入的变化程度。如果我们可以假设它JOURNEY是不变的,并且您要添加到其中的数字永远不会多于或少于两个字符 ( 01-99),那么这将起作用:

perl -pe 's/^.(\d+)      ## ignore the first character and capture 
                         ## as many digits as possible after it.
            (.+?)        ## Capture everything until the next digit: 'JOURNEY'
            (\d+)TO(\d+) ## Capture the two groups of digits on 
                         ## either side of "TO".
            /            ## End match, begin replacement.

            "$2_" .               ## The 2nd captured group, 'JOURNEY'.
            sprintf("%.2d",$1) .  ## The number, 0-padded.
            " " x 31 .            ## 31 spaces.
            sprintf("; %.2d TO %.2d",$3,$4)  ## The start and end, 0-padded.

            /ex;   ## The 'e' lets us evaluate expressions in the substitution
                   ## operator and the 'x' is only to allow whitespace
                   ## and these explanatory comments
        ' file

上式还可以简化为:

perl -pe 's/^.(\d+)(.+?)([\d]+)TO(\d+)/"$2_" . sprintf("%.2d",$1). " " x 31 . sprintf("; %.2d TO %.2d",$3,$4)/e;' file

如果各种字符串的长度也是可变的,则需要考虑到这一点:

perl -pe 's/^.+?(\d+)(.+?)([\d]+)TO(\d+)/
          "$2_" . sprintf("%.2d",$1) . 
          " " x (41-length(sprintf("%.2d",$1) . "$2_")) . 
          sprintf("; %.2d TO %.2d",$3,$4)/xe;' file  

答案2

使用 awk,猜测你想要什么

文件 ul.awk(已编辑)

/JOURNEY/ { jn=substr($1,2,1) ; x=substr($1,10,1) ; y=substr($1,13) ;
    printf "JOURNEY_%02d%s; %02d TO %02d\n",jn,substr("                                        ",1,31),x,y ;
    next ; }
 {print ;}

然后运行

awk -f ul.awk u

JOURNEY_01                               ; 00 TO 01
    .BYTE 00, 00, 00
JOURNEY_02                               ; 00 TO 02
    .BYTE 00, 01, 00
JOURNEY_03                               ; 01 TO 00
    .BYTE 00, 01, 01

这是有点糟糕的编码,因为我假设数字总是 1 位数字。

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