我继承了我的第一个思科路由器，但无法理解如何正确进行 NAT 端口转发。
ASA：8.0.2 ASDM：6.1（1）
我在外部有一个外部 IP 地址（通过桥接调制解调器），在内部有一个 LAN。LAN 有另一个网络连接和一个提供 DHCP/DNS 的 PDC，不应该使用此连接。
这个连接应该做的事情很少：
- 将 UDP 端口 3000-3002 上的所有传入流量转发到 10.10.5.30 上的相同端口
- 将 TCP 端口 3005 上的所有传入流量转发到 10.10.5.30 上的同一端口
- 允许流量在相同的端口和协议上返回
- 阻止其他一切。
我认为我们遇到的问题是流量没有返回 - 当我进行数据包跟踪时，内部的隐式拒绝不断被标记。
另外，自从我开始做一些小尝试来解决这个问题以来，里面隐含的任何到任何不太安全的规则现在已经消失了（哎呀！） - 关于如何解决这个问题有什么想法吗？
我可以轻松地在命令行上使用指令（可能是您的答案），但在实验和调查（我目前的情况）时则不太舒服。
消毒后的会议：
: Saved
:
ASA Version 8.0(2)
!
hostname BLAH-ASA
domain-name BLAH.local
enable password BLAH encrypted
names
name 15.8.15.3 BLAH_ASA_Outside
name 192.168.6.254 vpn_local
name 10.10.5.5 FS1 description BLAH File Server
name 10.10.5.30 W_BASE description W Base Station
!
interface Vlan1
nameif inside
security-level 100
ip address 10.10.5.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface Vlan2
nameif outside
security-level 0
pppoe client vpdn group global
ip address pppoe
!
interface Ethernet0/0
switchport access vlan 2
!
interface Ethernet0/1
!
interface Ethernet0/2
!
interface Ethernet0/3
!
interface Ethernet0/4
!
interface Ethernet0/5
!
interface Ethernet0/6
!
interface Ethernet0/7
!
passwd BLAH encrypted
boot system disk0:/asa802-k8.bin
ftp mode passive
clock timezone EST 10
clock summer-time EDT recurring last Sun Oct 2:00 last Sun Mar 3:00
dns server-group DefaultDNS
domain-name BLAH.local
object-group service W_TCP tcp
description TCP 3005
port-object eq 3005
object-group service W_UDP udp
description UDP 3000 - 3002
port-object eq 3000
port-object eq 3001
port-object eq 3002
access-list outside_1_cryptomap extended permit ip 10.10.5.0 255.255.255.0 host vpn_local
access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any host BLAH_ASA_Outside eq pptp
access-list outside_access_in remark W UDP Ports 3000 - 3002
access-list outside_access_in extended permit udp any host BLAH_ASA_Outside object-group W_UDP
access-list outside_access_in remark W TCP Port 3005
access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any host BLAH_ASA_Outside object-group W_TCP
access-list outside_access_in remark VPN ACL
access-list outside_access_in extended permit ip host vpn_local 10.10.5.0 255.255.255.0
access-list outside_access_in extended permit gre any any
access-list inside_nat0_outbound extended permit ip 10.10.5.0 255.255.255.0 host vpn_local
pager lines 24
logging enable
logging asdm informational
mtu inside 1500
mtu outside 1500
icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1
asdm image disk0:/asdm-611.bin
no asdm history enable
arp timeout 14400
global (outside) 1 interface
nat (inside) 0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound
nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
static (inside,outside) tcp interface pptp FS1 pptp netmask 255.255.255.255
static (inside,outside) udp interface 3000 W_BASE 3000 netmask 255.255.255.255
static (inside,outside) udp interface 3001 W_BASE 3001 netmask 255.255.255.255
static (inside,outside) udp interface 3002 W_BASE 3002 netmask 255.255.255.255
static (inside,outside) tcp interface 3005 W_BASE 3005 netmask 255.255.255.255
access-group outside_access_in in interface outside
route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 165.228.0.1 1
timeout xlate 3:00:00
timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02
timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00
timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00
timeout uauth 0:05:00 absolute
dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy
http server enable
http 10.10.5.0 255.255.255.0 inside
no snmp-server location
no snmp-server contact
snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart
crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac
crypto map outside_map 1 match address outside_1_cryptomap
crypto map outside_map 1 set pfs
crypto map outside_map 1 set peer 132.3.9.254
crypto map outside_map 1 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA
crypto map outside_map interface outside
crypto isakmp enable outside
crypto isakmp policy 10
authentication pre-share
encryption 3des
hash sha
group 2
lifetime 86400
telnet 10.10.5.0 255.255.255.0 inside
telnet timeout 5
ssh timeout 5
console timeout 0
vpdn group global request dialout pppoe
vpdn group global localname USERNAME
vpdn group global ppp authentication chap
vpdn username USERNAME password *********
dhcpd auto_config outside
!
dhcpd address 10.10.5.3-10.10.5.33 inside
!
threat-detection basic-threat
threat-detection statistics port
threat-detection statistics protocol
threat-detection statistics access-list
!
class-map inspection_default
match default-inspection-traffic
!
!
policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map
parameters
message-length maximum 512
policy-map global_policy
class inspection_default
inspect dns preset_dns_map
inspect ftp
inspect h323 h225
inspect h323 ras
inspect rsh
inspect rtsp
inspect esmtp
inspect sqlnet
inspect skinny
inspect sunrpc
inspect xdmcp
inspect sip
inspect netbios
inspect tftp
inspect pptp
!
service-policy global_policy global
ntp server 8.8.8.8 source outside prefer
username ROOT password PASSWORD encrypted privilege 15
username ROOT2 password PASSWORD encrypted privilege 15
tunnel-group 132.3.9.254 type ipsec-l2l
tunnel-group 132.3.9.254 ipsec-attributes
pre-shared-key *
prompt hostname context
Cryptochecksum:20
: end
答案1
您的内部接口上的清理规则与您的问题无关。
现代防火墙状态所以您不需要明确允许流量返回原始来源。
您需要做的是允许来自任何网络的流量到您服务器的 NATED IP。
access-list outside_access_in extended permit udp any host W_BASE object-group W_UDP
然后做一个简单的静态NAT。
static (inside,outside) interface W_BASE netmask 255.255.255.255
由于您没有转发端口，因此您可以保持 NAT 非常简单，只需使用 ACL 打开正确的端口即可。
您还可以像这样简化您的服务对象：
object-group service W_Ports
service-object tcp eq 3005
service-object udp range 3000 3002
然后使用 W_Ports 而不是 W_UDP 和 W_TCP。
您的 ACL 将如下所示：
access-list outside_access_in extended permit object-group W_Ports any object-group W_BASE
更新后的版本：
access-list outside_access_in extended permit object-group W_UDP any host W_BASE
答案2
事实证明我的问题实际上是有问题的服务器 10.10.5.30 使用了错误的默认网关。
与 ASA 5505 无关。