我有两个非常相似的分区，/dev/sdb1（标记为“bigb”）和/dev/sdc1（标记为“bigc”）。我以前能够使用mount -n -L bigX /mnt/donottouch/localX（带有Xbeingb或c）挂载它们。但是，mount 最近开始要求我指定-t ext4 但仅限于 bigc。
bigb 安装得很好：
# mount -n -L bigb /mnt/donottouch/localb -vvv
mount: fstab path: "/etc/fstab"
mount: mtab path: "/etc/mtab"
mount: lock path: "/etc/mtab~"
mount: temp path: "/etc/mtab.tmp"
mount: UID: 0
mount: eUID: 0
mount: spec: "/dev/sdb1"
mount: node: "/mnt/donottouch/localb"
mount: types: "(null)"
mount: opts: "(null)"
final mount options: '(null)'
mount: you didn't specify a filesystem type for /dev/sdb1
I will try type ext4
mount: mount(2) syscall: source: "/dev/sdb1", target: "/mnt/donottouch/localb", filesystemtype: "ext4", mountflags: -1058209792, data: (null)
/dev/sdb1 on /mnt/donottouch/localb type ext4 (rw)
但随后 bigc 出现错误：
# mount -n -L bigc /mnt/donottouch/localc -vvv
mount: fstab path: "/etc/fstab"
mount: mtab path: "/etc/mtab"
mount: lock path: "/etc/mtab~"
mount: temp path: "/etc/mtab.tmp"
mount: UID: 0
mount: eUID: 0
mount: spec: "/dev/sdc1"
mount: node: "/mnt/donottouch/localc"
mount: types: "(null)"
mount: opts: "(null)"
final mount options: '(null)'
mount: you didn't specify a filesystem type for /dev/sdc1
I will try all types mentioned in /etc/filesystems or /proc/filesystems
mount: you must specify the filesystem type
...除非我特别说明-t ext4：
# mount -n -L bigc /mnt/donottouch/localc -vvv -t ext4
mount: fstab path: "/etc/fstab"
mount: mtab path: "/etc/mtab"
mount: lock path: "/etc/mtab~"
mount: temp path: "/etc/mtab.tmp"
mount: UID: 0
mount: eUID: 0
mount: spec: "/dev/sdc1"
mount: node: "/mnt/donottouch/localc"
mount: types: "ext4"
mount: opts: "(null)"
final mount options: '(null)'
mount: mount(2) syscall: source: "/dev/sdc1", target: "/mnt/donottouch/localc", filesystemtype: "ext4", mountflags: -1058209792, data: (null)
/dev/sdc1 on /mnt/donottouch/localc type ext4 (rw)
Mount 声称它将尝试“/etc/filesystems 或 /proc/filesystems 中提到的所有类型”，但它显然不会这样做，因为这两个文件包含 ext4：
# cat /etc/filesystems
ext4
ext3
ext2
nodev proc
nodev devpts
iso9660
vfat
hfs
hfsplus
# cat /proc/filesystems
nodev sysfs
nodev rootfs
nodev bdev
nodev proc
nodev cgroup
nodev cpuset
nodev tmpfs
nodev devtmpfs
nodev binfmt_misc
nodev debugfs
nodev securityfs
nodev sockfs
nodev usbfs
nodev pipefs
nodev anon_inodefs
nodev inotifyfs
nodev devpts
nodev ramfs
nodev hugetlbfs
iso9660
nodev pstore
nodev mqueue
nodev rpc_pipefs
nodev nfs
nodev nfs4
ext4
nodev fuse
fuseblk
nodev fusectl
nodev autofs
nodev nfsd
ext3
此外，为什么它会决定为 bigb 尝试 ext4，而为 bigc 尝试所有文件系统类型？
更奇怪的是，blkid 能够将 bigc 检测为 ext4：
# blkid -o value -s TYPE /dev/sdb1
ext4
# blkid -o value -s TYPE /dev/sdc1
ext4
# mount -V
mount from util-linux-ng 2.17.2 (with libblkid and selinux support)
tune2fs -l显示除 inode 大小外，两个分区本质上是相同的：
# tune2fs -l /dev/sdb1
tune2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem volume name: bigb
Last mounted on: /mnt/donottouch/localb
Filesystem UUID: 2ceadc5b-c302-43d1-b289-047069a15537
Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53
Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic)
Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent sparse_super large_file uninit_bg
Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash
Default mount options: (none)
Filesystem state: clean
Errors behavior: Continue
Filesystem OS type: Linux
Inode count: 122101760
Block count: 488378000
Reserved block count: 24418900
Free blocks: 101141916
Free inodes: 118086875
First block: 0
Block size: 4096
Fragment size: 4096
Reserved GDT blocks: 907
Blocks per group: 32768
Fragments per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 8192
Inode blocks per group: 1024
Filesystem created: Fri May 13 18:08:33 2011
Last mount time: Fri Jul 19 11:59:32 2013
Last write time: Fri Jul 19 11:59:32 2013
Mount count: 4
Maximum mount count: 39
Last checked: Thu Mar 14 15:11:01 2013
Check interval: 15552000 (6 months)
Next check after: Tue Sep 10 15:11:01 2013
Lifetime writes: 439 GB
Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root)
First inode: 11
Inode size: 512
Required extra isize: 28
Desired extra isize: 28
Journal inode: 8
Default directory hash: half_md4
Directory Hash Seed: ad841c26-0111-4f32-bab5-e8ebc9616f18
Journal backup: inode blocks
# tune2fs -l /dev/sdc1
tune2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem volume name: bigc
Last mounted on: /mnt/donottouch/localc
Filesystem UUID: 74d41e82-d431-4b3d-ae1a-01dcb363a047
Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53
Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic)
Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent sparse_super large_file uninit_bg
Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash
Default mount options: (none)
Filesystem state: clean
Errors behavior: Continue
Filesystem OS type: Linux
Inode count: 122101760
Block count: 488378000
Reserved block count: 24418900
Free blocks: 103460007
Free inodes: 118032588
First block: 0
Block size: 4096
Fragment size: 4096
Reserved GDT blocks: 907
Blocks per group: 32768
Fragments per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 8192
Inode blocks per group: 512
Filesystem created: Wed Apr 27 14:55:53 2011
Last mount time: Fri Jul 19 12:01:47 2013
Last write time: Fri Jul 19 12:01:47 2013
Mount count: 6
Maximum mount count: 35
Last checked: Sat Mar 2 14:09:26 2013
Check interval: 15552000 (6 months)
Next check after: Thu Aug 29 15:09:26 2013
Lifetime writes: 381 GB
Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root)
First inode: 11
Inode size: 256
Required extra isize: 28
Desired extra isize: 28
Journal inode: 8
Default directory hash: half_md4
Directory Hash Seed: f36ed43e-46b4-473c-8af0-07dc2a8d90c8
Journal backup: inode blocks
一些额外的系统信息：
# cat /etc/system-release
Scientific Linux release 6.4 (Carbon)
# uname -ar
Linux ml44 2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jul 16 14:24:33 CDT 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
lsblk --fsbigc 似乎出现了问题：
# lsblk --fs /dev/sdb1
NAME FSTYPE LABEL UUID MOUNTPOINT
sdb1 ext4 bigb 2ceadc5b-c302-43d1-b289-047069a15537 /mnt/donottouch/localb
# lsblk --fs /dev/sdc1
NAME FSTYPE LABEL UUID MOUNTPOINT
sdc1 /mnt/donottouch/localc
# e2label /dev/sdc1
bigc
它们都不在 /etc/fstab 或 /etc/mtab 中。根据 e2fsck，它们都是干净的。有什么想法吗？我能想到的唯一重大的近期变化是从 Scientific Linux 6.1 更新到 6.4。
答案1
我认为 sdb1 的分区类型设置为 83，这表示 Linux fs 类似于 Ext4。而根据您的输出，sdc1 似乎设置为其他类型lsblk。
fdisk您可以通过或之类的实用程序修改分区类型cfdisk。如果我没记错的话，fdisk您可以使用t命令然后输入 83 来更改它。