因此，我尝试在使用 SASL 时设置 PostFix（首选 Cyrus 版本，我之前使用的是 dovecot，但我从 dovecot 切换到 courier，因此我想使用 cyrus 而不是 dovecot），但我似乎遇到了问题。以下是我收到的错误：
==> mail.log <==
Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: SASL authentication failure: Password verification failed
Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: ipname[xx.xx.xx.xx]: SASL PLAIN authentication failed: authentication failure
==> mail.info <==
Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: SASL authentication failure: Password verification failed
Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: ipname[xx.xx.xx.xx]: SASL PLAIN authentication failed: authentication failure
==> mail.warn <==
Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: SASL authentication failure: Password verification failed
Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: ipname[xx.xx.xx.xx]: SASL PLAIN authentication failed: authentication failure
我试过
$testsaslauthd -u xxxx -p xxxx
0: OK "Success."
所以我知道我使用的密码/用户是正确的。我想很可能是某个地方设置错了，但似乎找不到在哪里。这是我的文件。
这是我的 postfix 的 main.cf：
# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version
# Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first
# line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default
# is /etc/mailname.
myorigin = /etc/mailname
# This is already done in /etc/mailname
#myhostname = crazyinsanoman.xxxxx.com
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name
#biff = no
# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
#append_dot_mydomain = no
readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix
# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/smtpd.cert
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/smtpd.key
smtpd_use_tls = yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
# Relay smtp through another server or leave blank to do it yourself
#relayhost = smtp.yourisp.com
# Network details; Accept connections from anywhere, and only trust this machine
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8
inet_interfaces = all
#mynetworks_style = host
#As we will be using virtual domains, these need to be empty
local_recipient_maps =
mydestination =
# how long if undelivered before sending "delayed mail" warning update to sender
delay_warning_time = 4h
# will it be a permanent error or temporary
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 450
# how long to keep message on queue before return as failed.
# some have 3 days, I have 16 days as I am backup server for some people
# whom go on holiday with their server switched off.
maximal_queue_lifetime = 7d
# max and min time in seconds between retries if connection failed
minimal_backoff_time = 1000s
maximal_backoff_time = 8000s
# how long to wait when servers connect before receiving rest of data
smtp_helo_timeout = 60s
# how many address can be used in one message.
# effective stopper to mass spammers, accidental copy in whole address list
# but may restrict intentional mail shots.
smtpd_recipient_limit = 16
# how many error before back off.
smtpd_soft_error_limit = 3
# how many max errors before blocking it.
smtpd_hard_error_limit = 12
# Requirements for the HELO statement
smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_invalid_hostname, permit
# Requirements for the sender details
smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit
# Requirements for the connecting server
smtpd_client_restrictions = reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client blackholes.easynet.nl, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.njabl.org
# Requirement for the recipient address
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_destination, permit
smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining
# require proper helo at connections
smtpd_helo_required = yes
# waste spammers time before rejecting them
smtpd_delay_reject = yes
disable_vrfy_command = yes
# not sure of the difference of the next two
# but they are needed for local aliasing
alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
# this specifies where the virtual mailbox folders will be located
virtual_mailbox_base = /var/spool/mail/vmail
# this is for the mailbox location for each user
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_mailbox.cf
# and this is for aliases
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_alias.cf
# and this is for domain lookups
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_domains.cf
# this is how to connect to the domains (all virtual, but the option is there)
# not used yet
# transport_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_transport.cf
# Setup the uid/gid of the owner of the mail files - static:5000 allows virtual ones
virtual_uid_maps = static:5000
virtual_gid_maps = static:5000
inet_protocols=all
# Cyrus SASL Support
smtpd_sasl_path = smtpd
smtpd_sasl_local_domain = xxxxx.com
#######################
## OLD CONFIGURATION ##
#######################
#myorigin = /etc/mailname
#mydestination = crazyinsanoman.xxxxx.com, localhost, localhost.localdomain
#mailbox_size_limit = 0
#recipient_delimiter = +
#html_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix/html
message_size_limit = 30720000
#virtual_alias_domains =
##virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual
#virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail
##luser_relay = webmaster
#smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
#smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
#smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination
#virtual_create_maildirsize = yes
#virtual_maildir_extended = yes
#proxy_read_maps = $local_recipient_maps $mydestination $virtual_alias_maps $virtual_alias_domains $virtual_mailbox_maps $virtual_mailbox_domains $relay_recipient_maps $relay_domains $canonical_maps $sender_canonical_maps $recipient_canonical_maps $relocated_maps $transport_maps $mynetworks $virtual_mailbox_limit_maps
#virtual_transport = dovecot
#dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1
这是我的master.cf：
#
# Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master").
#
# Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args
# (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
smtp inet n - - - - smtpd
submission inet n - - - - smtpd
-o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
-o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#smtps inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628 inet n - - - - qmqpd
pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup
qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr fifo n - - 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce
defer unix - - - - 0 bounce
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - - - - smtp
# When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops
relay unix - - - - - smtp
-o smtp_fallback_relay=
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq unix n - - - - showq
error unix - - - - - error
retry unix - - - - - error
discard unix - - - - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry.
#
# Specify in cyrus.conf:
# lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4
#
# Specify in main.cf one or more of the following:
# mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
# virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux)
# Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
# Old example of delivery via Cyrus.
#
#old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}
#dovecot unix - n n - - pipe
# flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -d ${recipient}
以下是我使用的 /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf
log_level: 7
pwcheck_method: saslauthd
pwcheck_method: auxprop
mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN CRAM-MD5 DIGEST-MD5
allow_plaintext: true
auxprop_plugin: mysql
sql_hostnames: 127.0.0.1
sql_user: xxxxx
sql_passwd: xxxxx
sql_database: maildb
sql_select: select crypt from users where id = '%u'
如您所见，我正在尝试使用 mysql 作为我的身份验证方法。“用户”中的密码是通过“ENCRYPT()”函数设置的。
我还遵循了http://www.jimmy.co.at/weblog/?p=52为了重做 /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd，因为这似乎是很多人的问题，但这根本没有帮助。
另外，这是我的 /etc/default/saslauthd
START=yes
DESC="SASL Authentication Daemon"
NAME="saslauthd"
# Which authentication mechanisms should saslauthd use? (default: pam)
#
# Available options in this Debian package:
# getpwent -- use the getpwent() library function
# kerberos5 -- use Kerberos 5
# pam -- use PAM
# rimap -- use a remote IMAP server
# shadow -- use the local shadow password file
# sasldb -- use the local sasldb database file
# ldap -- use LDAP (configuration is in /etc/saslauthd.conf)
#
# Only one option may be used at a time. See the saslauthd man page
# for more information.
#
# Example: MECHANISMS="pam"
MECHANISMS="pam"
MECH_OPTIONS=""
THREADS=5
OPTIONS="-c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd -r"
我听说可以将 MECHANISM 更改为 MECHANISMS="mysql"，但显然这没有帮助，如上面列出的选项所示，并且无论如何都要尝试一下，以防文档过时。
所以，我现在很茫然...我不知道接下来要去哪里，也不知道需要采取什么步骤才能让它工作起来=/ 有人有什么想法吗？
编辑： 这是来自 auth.log 的错误...我不知道这是否有帮助，但您可以看看：
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql auxprop plugin using mysql engine
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected]
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1'
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected]
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1'
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: begin transaction
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin create statement from userPassword user xxxxxx.com
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin doing query select crypt from users where id = '[email protected]';
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin create statement from cmusaslsecretPLAIN user xxxxxx.com
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin doing query select crypt from users where id = '[email protected]';
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: commit transaction
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected]
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1'
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected]
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1'
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected]
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1'
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected]
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1'
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: begin transaction
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin create statement from userPassword user xxxxxx.com
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin doing query select crypt from users where id = '[email protected]';
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin create statement from cmusaslsecretPLAIN user xxxxxx.com
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin doing query select crypt from users where id = '[email protected]';
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: commit transaction
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected]
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host
Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1'
答案1
cyrus-sasl可以直接连接mysql服务器，不需要使用saslauthd。
# yum info cyrus-sasl-sql
Installed Packages
Name : cyrus-sasl-sql
Arch : x86_64
Version : 2.1.23
Release : 13.el6_3.1
Size : 26 k
Repo : installed
From repo : base
Summary : SQL auxprop support for Cyrus SASL
URL : http://asg.web.cmu.edu/sasl/sasl-library.html
License : BSD
Description : The cyrus-sasl-sql package contains the Cyrus SASL plugin which supports
: using a RDBMS for storing shared secrets.
但据我所知，cyrus-sasl 的 mysql 模块不能处理加密密码，而且您不能将 CRAM-MD5/DIGEST-MD5 与加密密码一起使用，密码应该以纯文本形式存储。
所以我认为你可以尝试 3 件事
找到可以处理加密密码并使用 cyrus-sasl-sql 模块的 cyrus-sasl 补丁。但在这种情况下，请忘记 CRAM-MD5/DIGEST-MD5
以纯文本形式存储密码，并仅使用强身份验证方法，例如通过加密连接 imaps (993)/pop3s (995) 的 CRAM-MD5/DIGEST-MD5。
使用pam-mysql和加密选项
在这种情况下你的 smtpd.conf 应该看起来像
pwcheck_method: auxprop
mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN CRAM-MD5 DIGEST-MD5
auxprop_plugin: sql
sql_usessl: yes
sql_engine: mysql
sql_hostnames: localhost
sql_user: postfix
sql_passwd: postfix
sql_database: postfix
sql_select: select password from mailbox where username = '%u@%r'
log_level: 3
您可以获取有关加密密码的更多信息这里。你也可以尝试用我的补丁来构建 cyrus-sasl个人网站
笔记
CRAM-MD5 是 DIGEST-MD5，是质询-响应身份验证机制（实际上 CRAM 是质询-响应身份验证机制的缩写），必须将纯文本密码提供给处理与用户的身份验证通信的实例（即 SASL 客户端库），而不是身份验证器（服务器）。因此，无法将 PAM 与这些机制一起使用，然后您需要配置 Cyrus-SASL 以具有支持 MySQL 的“SQL”auxprop 插件，并指定“auxprop”作为首选密码检查方法。