我怎样才能在 SpamAssassin 中添加几个自定义的“坏”词，以便将包含这些词的电子邮件标记为垃圾邮件？
更新
其中一个关键是编辑文件 /etc/mail/spamassassin，并添加坏词过滤器，如
http://linuxguruz.wordpress.com/2008/09/16/spamassassin-example/
但是，在这种情况下，邮件仅被标记为垃圾邮件，它仍然会进入我的收件箱......
我该怎么做才能完全不收到包含脏话的电子邮件？
更新2
如果电子邮件被归类为垃圾邮件，我的 SpamAssassin 会更改主题，现在它工作正常。文件 /etc/mail/spamassassin/local.cf 如下所示：
ok_locales all
skip_rbl_checks 0
required_score 5
report_safe 1
rewrite_header Subject ***SPAM***
use_pyzor 1
use_razor2 1
use_auto_whitelist 0
use_bayes 1
use_bayes_rules 1
bayes_auto_learn 1
blacklist_from *@kupiizaradi.cjb.net
blacklist_from *@hallmark.com
whitelist_from *@*hrgworldwide.com
whitelist_from *@bluehost.com
#blacklist_from *@greekajob.com
header CONTAINS_VIG Subject =~ /viagra, Cialix Pills, sex, xxx, penis, pussy, greekajob, greekajobs, pera
zdera/
body CONTAINS_PEN /viagra, sex, xxx, penis, puss, greekajob, greekajobs, perazdera/
score CONTAINS_VIG 1.5
score CONTAINS_PEN 1.5
describe CONTAINS_VIG Bad Word
describe CONTAINS_PEN Bad Word
因此，现在我需要帮助：
- 将这些电子邮件移至垃圾邮件文件夹
- 自动为服务器上添加的每个新邮件帐户创建垃圾邮件文件夹
文件 /etc/mail/mailfilter 如下所示：
SHELL="/bin/sh"
import EXT
import HOST
VHOME=`pwd`
TIMESTAMP=`date "+%b %d %H:%M:%S"`
#VERBOSE=9
logfile "/var/log/maildrop/maildrop.log"
log "$TIMESTAMP - BEGIN maildrop processing for $EXT@$HOST ==="
`test -r $VHOME/.mailfilter`
if($RETURNCODE == 0)
{
log "including $VHOME/.mailfilter"
exception {
include $VHOME/.mailfilter
}
}
# does maildirsize exist?
`test -e $VHOME/Maildir/maildirsize`
# if maildirsize doesn't exist
if($RETURNCODE == 1)
{
# does vuserinfo exist?
`test -x /home/vpopmail/bin/vuserinfo`
# if vuserinfo exists
if($RETURNCODE == 0)
{
# does the user exist?
`/home/vpopmail/bin/vuserinfo $EXT@$HOST`
if($RETURNCODE == 0)
{
# find out what the user's quota is
$QUOTA=`/home/vpopmail/bin/vuserinfo -Q $EXT@$HOST`
log "QUOTA = $QUOTA"
# does maildirmake exists?
`test -x /usr/bin/maildirmake`
# if maildirmake exists
if($RETURNCODE == 0)
{
# does Maildir exist?
`test -d $VHOME/Maildir`
# if Maildir exists
if($RETURNCODE == 0)
{
# make the maildirsize file
`/usr/bin/maildirmake -q $QUOTA $VHOME/Maildir`
`test -s "$VHOME/Maildir/maildirsize"`
# if maildirsize exists
if($RETURNCODE == 0)
{
`/bin/chown vpopmail:vchkpw $VHOME/Maildir/maildirsize`
`/bin/chmod 640 $VHOME/Maildir/maildirsize`
# else
}
else
{
log "Problem making 'maildirsize' for $VHOME"
}
# end if maildirsize exists
}
else
{
log "Maildir does not exist for $VHOME"
}
# end if Maildir exists
}
else
{
log "maildirmake does not exist"
# end if maildirmake exists
}
}
else
{
log "user $EXT@HOST does not exist"
# end if user exists
}
}
else
{
log "vuserinfo does not exist"
# end if vuserinfo exists
}
}
# does maildirsize exist?
`test -e $VHOME/Maildir/maildirsize`
if($RETURNCODE == 0)
{
MAILDIRQUOTA=`/usr/bin/head -n1 $VHOME/Maildir/maildirsize`
log "MAILDIRQUOTA = $MAILDIRQUOTA"
}
#--------------------------------------------------------
# Filter spam - scores >= SPAMLIMIT is not delivered
#
# If you DO NOT want to send mail that is over the spam limit
# to spamassassin autolearn, comment: 'cc "|sa-learn -spam"'
#--------------------------------------------------------
##########################################################################
# Below is where I found some of the main problem, i.e apparently the
# regex logic changed, do a diff against this one and the old one,
# the old one was delimited with the '!' (bang) and grouped as a whole.
# it failed the match always. By using standard regex grouping, I was able
# to get the filter working. By grouping the score accordingly, it
# breaks it into a number and precision, e.g. MATCH1 and MATCH2
##########################################################################
if(/^X-Spam-Status: Yes, score=([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)/:h)
{
if($MATCH1 >= 5)
{
cc "|sa-learn --spam"
}
# if the user doesnt' have a Spam folder
`test -d $VHOME/Maildir/.Spam`
if($RETURNCODE == 1)
{
`test -x /usr/bin/maildirmake`
if($RETURNCODE == 0)
{
`/usr/bin/maildirmake -f Spam $VHOME/Maildir`
`test -x /usr/bin/subscribeIMAP.sh`
if($RETURNCODE == 0)
{
`/usr/bin/subscribeIMAP.sh Spam $VHOME`
}
}
}
# make sure the deliverquota binary exists and is executable
`test -x /usr/bin/deliverquota`
if($RETURNCODE == 1)
{
exception {
to "$VHOME/Maildir/.Spam"
}
}
else
{
cc "|/usr/bin/deliverquota -w 90 $VHOME/Maildir/.Spam"
if($RETURNCODE == 0)
{
log "=== END === $EXT@$HOST success (quota)"
EXITCODE=0
exit
}
else
{
if($RETURNCODE == 77)
{
log "$TIMESTAMP - $EXT@$HOST bounced (quota)"
to "|/var/qmail/bin/bouncesaying '$EXT@$HOST is over quota'"
}
else
{
log \
"$TIMESTAMP - $EXT@$HOST failure (unknown deliverquota error)"
to "$VHOME/Maildir/.Spam"
}
}
}
}
##########################################################################
# Same as above
##########################################################################
if(/^X-Spam-Status: No, score=([\-]*[0-9]+)\.([0-9]+) /:h)
{
log " message is clean ($MATCH1.$MATCH2)"
}
#--------------------------------------------------------
# Include any user rules
#--------------------------------------------------------
`test -r $VHOME/Maildir/.mailfilter`
if($RETURNCODE == 0)
{
log " including $VHOME/Maildir/.mailfilter"
exception {
include $VHOME/Maildir/.mailfilter
}
}
`test -x /usr/bin/deliverquota`
if ($RETURNCODE == 1)
{
log "$TIMESTAMP - $EXT@$HOST WARNING: no deliverquota!"
log "=== END === $EXT@$HOST success"
exception {
to "$VHOME/Maildir"
}
}
else
{
exception {
log "RETCODE = $RETURNCODE delivering to $VHOME/Maildir"
xfilter "/usr/bin/deliverquota -w 90 $VHOME/Maildir"
}
#--------------------------------------------------------
# check to make sure the message was delivered
# returncode 77 means that out maildir was overquota - bounce mail
#--------------------------------------------------------
if($RETURNCODE == 77)
{
log "$TIMESTAMP - BOUNCED: bouncesaying '$EXT@$HOST is over quota'"
log "$TIMESTAMP - $EXT@$HOST bounced"
to "|/var/qmail/bin/bouncesaying '$EXT@$HOST is over quota'"
}
else
{
log "=== END === $EXT@$HOST success (quota)"
EXITCODE=0
exit
}
}
log "$TIMESTAMP - $EXT@$HOST - WARNING: This message should never be printed!"
[root@um-1027 /etc/mail]#
.qmail-default 如下所示：
|/var/qmail/bin/preline /usr/bin/maildrop /etc/mail/mailfilter
您能帮我修复这个问题并将垃圾邮件移到垃圾邮件文件夹中吗？
答案1
在 SpamAssassin 中，您可以创建规则，在触发后将 N 分数附加到垃圾邮件分类标头。
您可以自行设置将其归类为垃圾邮件的阈值，以及如何处理它（删除、移至文件夹、转发？等等）。
如果您想将可疑垃圾邮件移动到特定文件夹，我建议您将其挂接到您的 POP3/IMAP 服务器（例如：dovecot）或 POP3/IMAP 客户端使用（例如：fetchmail + procmail）。
使用筛选脚本的 Dovecot 示例：
if header :contains "X-Spam-Level" "**********" { discard; stop; }
参考：https://wiki2.dovecot.org/Pigeonhole/Sieve/Examples#Direct_filtering_using_message_header
Procmail 规则将垃圾邮件过滤到 SPAM 文件夹 (~/.procmailrc)
:0: * ^X-Spam-Status: Yes SPAM
参考：https://www.cs.rutgers.edu/~watrous/procmail-spam.html
我希望这会有所帮助。
答案2
使用 SpamAssassin，您只能重写被检测为垃圾邮件的邮件，但不能删除它。Postfix 或 cpanel 使用 SpamAssassin 来检测垃圾邮件，而不是处理垃圾邮件。但您可以在 cpanel 中创建规则（例如）以删除标题由 SpamAssassin 重写的电子邮件。在我看来，这是一个坏主意，您可能会错过误报。只需将其放在具有基本规则的特定文件夹中即可。
答案3
移动邮件与 Spamassassin 无关，完全取决于您的 LDA 或 MUA（本地投递代理或邮件用户代理）。您的邮件是投递到 POP3 帐户还是 IMAP 帐户？您的服务器使用的是 Dovecot 还是 Cyrus 还是其他？
问题和变数太多，这里不是回答这些问题的地方。