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为特定 URL 启用 nginx 浏览器缓存

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为特定 URL 启用 nginx 浏览器缓存

如何为特定 URL 启用 nginx 缓存？我有一个 django web 应用程序，我将 CSS、JavaScript 等静态文件放在一个名为 static 的文件夹中，我可以通过以下方式访问它们http://example.com/static/我想要配置 nginx 以便仅从此 URL 捕获这些文件。我读过http://www.nginxtips.com/how-to-enable-browser-cache-static-files-on-nginx/但那里没有解释此选项。我尝试了以下配置并重新启动了我的 nginx 服务器，但出现了错误。这是我的 sites-available/default配置文件。问题是什么？

server {
        listen  80;
        listen  443 ssl;
        server_name     www.example.com example.com;
        ssl_certificate /var/www/example/ssl/ssl.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key     /var/www/example/ssl/ssl.key;
        location /static (jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js)$ {
                alias   /var/www/example/static;
                expires 3d;
                add_header Pragma public;
                add_header Cache-Control "public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate";

        }
        location /media  {
                alias  /var/www/example/media;
        }
        location / {
                proxy_pass      http://127.0.0.1:8000;
        }
}

这是 nginx 日志文件内容……

2014/03/07 13:02:28 [error] 25189#0: *22 open() "/etc/nginx/html/static/css/wait.css" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 2.178.27.157, server: www.example.com, request: "GET /static/css/wait.css HTTP/1.1", host: "example.com", referrer: "http://example.com/"
2014/03/07 13:02:28 [error] 25189#0: *23 open() "/etc/nginx/html/static/img/infographi.png" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 2.178.27.157, server: www.example.com, request: "GET /static/img/infographi.png HTTP/1.1", host: "example.com", referrer: "http://example.com/"
2014/03/07 13:02:29 [error] 25189#0: *23 open() "/etc/nginx/html/favicon.ico" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 2.178.27.157, server: www.example.com, request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", host: "example.com"
2014/03/07 13:08:41 [emerg] 25220#0: invalid location modifier "/static" in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:8
2014/03/07 13:08:41 [emerg] 25221#0: invalid location modifier "/static" in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:8
2014/03/07 13:09:50 [emerg] 25255#0: invalid location modifier "/static" in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:8
2014/03/07 13:09:50 [emerg] 25256#0: invalid location modifier "/static" in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:8

答案1

来自nginx 维基百科似乎“/static”和正则表达式模式之间有一个空格。Location 只接受一个“uri”参数，而不是两个……并且 nginx 会将该空格解释为参数分隔符。

您还需要告诉位置块您想要使用“~”或“~*”修饰符匹配正则表达式。

你可以尝试一下

location ~* "/static.*(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js)$" {

而不是你已经拥有的，看看它是否能满足你的要求。

答案2

此文件夹中还有其他文件吗？如果没有，或者如果可以公开这些文件，您可以简化配置：

server {
        listen  80;
        listen  443 ssl;
        server_name     www.example.com example.com;
        ssl_certificate /var/www/example/ssl/ssl.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key     /var/www/example/ssl/ssl.key;
        root /var/www/example;

        location / {
                proxy_pass      http://127.0.0.1:8000;
        }

        location /media/ {
                # it's ok to have empty location
        }

        location /static/ {
                expires 3d;
                add_header Pragma public;
                add_header Cache-Control "public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate";
        }
}

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