我遇到了一个奇怪的情况。在低流量服务器中使用了大约三年后，RAID1 中的两个三星驱动器中的一个昨天发生故障：
Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active raid1 sdb1[2](F) sda1[0]
732572608 blocks [2/1] [U_]
由于 smartd 没有报告任何内容，我检查了智能属性，与 sda 相比，sdb（失败）上唯一不同的可疑读数是：
sda:
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0022 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
sdb:
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0022 098 098 000 Old_age Always - 27650
服务器机架中的 G-Sense 出现错误？可能是传感器出现故障？
但还有另一种有趣的解读两个都驱动器：最新的短暂离线测试为“中断（主机重置）”，如果我开始新的测试（例如使用）smartctl --test=short /dev/sda，则选择性自检日志显示：
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Self_test_in_progress [90% left] (0-65535)
然而，这场短暂的考验永远不会结束，甚至几个小时后情况仍然一样——两个都驱动器。这可能是驱动器上的固件错误吗？还是控制器出现故障？
以下是两个驱动器的完整转储，每个驱动器都运行了简短的自检：
/dev/sda：
smartctl 6.1 2013-03-16 r3800 [x86_64-linux-3.12.13-gentoo] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: SAMSUNG SpinPoint F3
Device Model: SAMSUNG HD754JJ
Serial Number: S281J9CZ500175
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0024e9 2026e8417
Firmware Version: 1AJ10001
User Capacity: 750,156,374,016 bytes [750 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is: Fri Mar 21 09:04:35 2014 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 249) Self-test routine in progress...
90% of test remaining.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 6540) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 109) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 100 100 051 Pre-fail Always - 59
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0026 055 052 000 Old_age Always - 6038
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0023 072 071 025 Pre-fail Always - 8729
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 10
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 252 252 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 252 252 051 Old_age Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0024 252 252 015 Old_age Offline - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 23571
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 252 252 051 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 21
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0022 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0022 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 060 053 000 Old_age Always - 40 (Min/Max 20/48)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 252 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 252 252 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0036 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x002a 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 102119
223 Load_Retry_Count 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
225 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 21
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 23571 -
# 2 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 23571 -
# 3 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 23571 -
# 4 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 23571 -
# 5 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
# 6 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
# 7 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
# 8 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
# 9 Extended offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
#10 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
#11 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
#12 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23559 -
#13 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23535 -
#14 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23511 -
#15 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 23495 -
#16 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23487 -
#17 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23463 -
#18 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23439 -
#19 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23415 -
#20 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23391 -
#21 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23367 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 0
Note: revision number not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Self_test_in_progress [90% left] (0-65535)
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
/dev/sdb：
smartctl 6.1 2013-03-16 r3800 [x86_64-linux-3.12.13-gentoo] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: SAMSUNG SpinPoint F3
Device Model: SAMSUNG HD754JJ
Serial Number: S281J9CZ500174
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0024e9 2026e840e
Firmware Version: 1AJ10001
User Capacity: 750,156,374,016 bytes [750 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is: Fri Mar 21 09:05:10 2014 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 249) Self-test routine in progress...
90% of test remaining.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 6960) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 116) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 100 100 051 Pre-fail Always - 69
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0026 055 054 000 Old_age Always - 6442
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0023 071 071 025 Pre-fail Always - 8885
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 10
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 252 252 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 252 252 051 Old_age Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0024 252 252 015 Old_age Offline - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 23571
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 252 252 051 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 21
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0022 098 098 000 Old_age Always - 27650
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0022 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 064 054 000 Old_age Always - 35 (Min/Max 20/46)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 252 252 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0036 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x002a 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 71575
223 Load_Retry_Count 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
225 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 21
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 23571 -
# 2 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 23571 -
# 3 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 23571 -
# 4 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 23571 -
# 5 Extended offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
# 6 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
# 7 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
# 8 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
# 9 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
#10 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
#11 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
#12 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 23571 -
#13 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23558 -
#14 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23534 -
#15 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23510 -
#16 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23486 -
#17 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 23471 -
#18 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23462 -
#19 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23438 -
#20 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23414 -
#21 Short offline Completed without error 00% 23390 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 0
Note: revision number not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Self_test_in_progress [90% left] (0-65535)
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
谢谢你的提示！
答案1
控制器错误似乎可能出现在这里。在您花费太多时间之前，我建议您重新安装所有电缆。随着时间的推移，可能会出现松动并导致问题。
另外，您提到了 smartd...您在尝试运行自检时是否禁用了它？这可能会干扰手动测试。
有没有dmesg关于为什么 sdb 被视为失败的信息？两个驱动器似乎都将其健康状况报告为“已通过”，并且我不相信 mdadm 实际上使用任何 SMART 数据来确定驱动器的健康状况。