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Ansible 使用列表迭代字典

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Ansible 使用列表迭代字典

我已通过以下变量加载include_vars：

access:
    username-foo:
      - path: /
        permissions: rwX
        recursive: true

    username-bar:
      - path: /
        permissions: rX

      - path: /css
        permissions: rwX
        recursive: true

      - path: /data
        permissions: rX

      - path: /data/reviews.yml
        permissions: rw

      - path: /js
        permissions: rX

      - path: /js/*.js
        permissions: rw

我想将这些信息提供给shell命令以便设置适当的权限。

我从这里尝试了一些技巧： http://docs.ansible.com/playbooks_loops.html 但未能提出可行的解决方案。

是否可以迭代此结构？如果不行，我该如何重新构造它以使其工作？是否可以在不违反 DRY 规则的情况下做到这一点（例如将用户名包含在每条记录中）？

答案1

首先，您可能需要考虑使用file模块，而不是shell。它不太容易出错，而且表面上是幂等的。但是，这可能会给你带来一些混合目录、文件和文件全局的问题。YMMV。

至于问题的核心，我会像这样设置变量：

users:
  - username: bar
    directories:
      - path: /data
        permissions: rX
      - path: /js
        permissions: rX
  - username: foo
    directories:
      - path: /
        permissions: rwX

那么剧情将会是这样的：

- name: Change mod/own
  shell: chown {{ item.0.username }} {{ item.1.path }};chmod u+{{ item.1.permissions }} {{ item.1.path }
  with_subelements:
    - users
    - directories

答案2

这是一个很好的输出示例，你可以自己尝试一下。创建一个名为的新剧本iteration_loop.yml：

---

- name: Change mod/own
  hosts: all
  tasks:
  - name: show me the iterations
    debug: msg={{ item.0.username }} {{ item.1.path }} then {{ item.1.permissions }} {{ item.1.path }}
    with_subelements:
      - users
      - directories
  vars:
    users:
      - username: bar
        directories:
          - path: /data
            permissions: rX
          - path: /js
            permissions: rX
      - username: foo
        directories:
          - path: /
            permissions: rwX

然后像这样运行剧本： ansible-playbook -i '172.16.222.131,' iteration_loop.yml

输出应该告诉你如何访问这些项目：

PLAY [Change mod/own] ********************************************************* 

GATHERING FACTS *************************************************************** 
ok: [172.16.222.131]

TASK: [show me the iterations] ************************************************ 
ok: [172.16.222.131] => (item=({'username': 'bar'}, {'path': '/data', 'permissions': 'rX'})) => {
    "item": [
        {
            "username": "bar"
        }, 
        {
            "path": "/data", 
            "permissions": "rX"
        }
    ], 
    "msg": "bar"
}
ok: [172.16.222.131] => (item=({'username': 'bar'}, {'path': '/js', 'permissions': 'rX'})) => {
    "item": [
        {
            "username": "bar"
        }, 
        {
            "path": "/js", 
            "permissions": "rX"
        }
    ], 
    "msg": "bar"
}
ok: [172.16.222.131] => (item=({'username': 'foo'}, {'path': '/', 'permissions': 'rwX'})) => {
    "item": [
        {
            "username": "foo"
        }, 
        {
            "path": "/", 
            "permissions": "rwX"
        }
    ], 
    "msg": "foo"
}

PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************** 
172.16.222.131             : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0

答案3

假设等等dict={a:[1,2,3],b:[1,2]}：

- name: Flattened list
  set_fact:
    flattened: "{{ dict.values() | sum(start=[]) }}"

现在flattened == [1,2,3,1,2]

答案4

我会将您的变量重新格式化为以下格式：

access:
- username: foo
  directories:
    - path: /
      permissions: rwX
      recursive: true

- username: bar
  directories:
    - path: /
      permissions: rX
      recursive: false

    - path: /css
      permissions: rwX
      recursive: true

    - path: /data
      permissions: rX
      recursive: false

    - path: /data/reviews.yml
      permissions: rw
      recursive: false

    - path: /js
      permissions: rX
      recursive: false

    - path: /js/*.js
      permissions: rw
      recursive: false

然后我的剧本如下：

tasks:
- name: Iterate the vars inside var4 when recursive
  debug: msg="username is {{ item.0.username }} and path is {{ item.1.path }} permission is {{ item.1.permissions }} and recursive"
  when: item.1.recursive
  ignore_errors: true
  with_subelements:
    - "{{ access }}"
    - directories
- name: Iterate the vars inside var4 when no recursive
  debug: msg="username is {{ item.0.username }} and path is {{ item.1.path }} permission is {{ item.1.permissions }}"
  when: not item.1.recursive
  ignore_errors: true
  with_subelements:
    - "{{ access }}"
    - directories

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