我遇到了通过新 ISP 的链接网络进行路由的新概念，目前正在尝试在我的 Ubuntu 13.10 服务器上正确路由 /28。然而，这被证明是徒劳的。
这是主机的路由表：
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default 84-16-221.161.3 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
84.16.211.48 * 255.255.255.240 U 0 0 0 eth1
84.16.221.160 * 255.255.255.224 U 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1
IPTables（由 UFW 管理）：
root@router:/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all# iptables --list
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
ufw-before-logging-input all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-before-input all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-after-input all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-after-logging-input all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-reject-input all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-track-input all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
ufw-before-logging-forward all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-before-forward all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-after-forward all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-after-logging-forward all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-reject-forward all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
ufw-before-logging-output all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-before-output all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-after-output all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-after-logging-output all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-reject-output all -- anywhere anywhere
ufw-track-output all -- anywhere anywhere
ip_forwarding 已打开，并且 sysctl 中的反向路径过滤已关闭。
在 eth1 上运行 tcpdump 并尝试 ping 子网的网关（84.16.211.49，即 eth1:1 的 IP）时，我看不到任何数据包。监听 eth0，我看到以下内容：
root@router:/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all# tcpdump -vvvi eth0 icmp
tcpdump: listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes
10:26:14.448663 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 51, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84)
isengard.localecho.net > gateway.big5.no: ICMP echo request, id 16188, seq 21, length 64
10:26:14.448714 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 1421, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84)
gateway.big5.no > isengard.localecho.net: ICMP echo reply, id 16188, seq 21, length 64
同样，尝试从网关地址进行跟踪路由也是徒劳的：
root@router:/etc/ufw# traceroute -s 84.16.211.49 8.8.8.8
traceroute to 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 * * *
2 * * *
尝试上述跟踪路由时，eth0 和 eth1 上的 tcpdump 均未显示任何内容。
我和 ISP 的网络人员一样束手无策。有人能指点一下吗？
编辑：添加评论中请求的信息。
root@router:/etc/ufw# arp -a
84-16-211.62.3p.ntebredband.no (84.16.211.62) at <incomplete> on eth1
? (192.168.1.10) at 00:0c:29:9a:ca:c2 [ether] on eth1
google-public-dns-a.google.com (8.8.8.8) at <incomplete> on eth1
shop.big5.no (84.16.211.52) at <incomplete> on eth1
? (192.168.1.11) at 00:0c:29:21:7f:fc [ether] on eth1
? (192.168.1.150) at e0:3f:49:8f:b7:d2 [ether] on eth1
mail.big5.no (84.16.211.50) at <incomplete> on eth1
84-16-211.56.3p.ntebredband.no (84.16.211.56) at <incomplete> on eth1
84-16-221.161.3p.ntebredband.no (84.16.221.161) at 84:78:ac:66:c7:bb [ether] on eth0
gf.big5.no (84.16.211.53) at <incomplete> on eth1
www.big5.no (84.16.211.51) at 00:0c:29:21:7f:fc [ether] on eth1
? (192.168.1.15) at 00:0c:29:87:05:79 [ether] on eth1
84-16-211.57.3p.ntebredband.no (84.16.211.57) at <incomplete> on eth1
84-16-211.54.3p.ntebredband.no (84.16.211.54) at <incomplete> on eth1
84-16-211.60.3p.ntebredband.no (84.16.211.60) at <incomplete> on eth1
84-16-211.58.3p.ntebredband.no (84.16.211.58) at <incomplete> on eth1
www.vg.no (195.88.54.16) at <incomplete> on eth1
? (192.168.1.169) at e0:3f:49:8f:b7:dc [ether] on eth1
84-16-211.55.3p.ntebredband.no (84.16.211.55) at <incomplete> on eth1
84-16-211.61.3p.ntebredband.no (84.16.211.61) at <incomplete> on eth1
84-16-211.59.3p.ntebredband.no (84.16.211.59) at <incomplete> on eth1
ip route 的输出：
default via 84.16.221.161 dev eth0
84.16.211.48/28 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 84.16.211.49
84.16.221.160/27 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 84.16.221.163
192.168.1.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.1
据我所知，您无法在路由中寻址虚拟接口？因此，所有内容都在 eth1 上。包括 ifconfig 输出：
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:10:a7:25:51:64
inet addr:84.16.221.163 Bcast:255.255.255.255 Mask:255.255.255.224
inet6 addr: fe80::210:a7ff:fe25:5164/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:385280 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:502991 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:65240032 (65.2 MB) TX bytes:131127772 (131.1 MB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:74:d4:65
inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::207:e9ff:fe74:d465/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:472809 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:440901 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:53655207 (53.6 MB) TX bytes:84637672 (84.6 MB)
eth1:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:74:d4:65
inet addr:84.16.211.49 Bcast:84.16.211.63 Mask:255.255.255.240
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1