我正在尝试使用 NSClient++/Icinga 来监控远程位置的 Windows 服务器机箱。我已经在我们的内部网络 (192.168.1.*) 上测试了 NSClient，并且它在服务器防火墙设置为允许到默认端口 (12489) 的流量的情况下按预期工作。NMap 也显示该端口处于打开状态。
nmap -p 12489 192.168.1.123
PORT STATE SERVICE
12489/tcp open unknown
当我尝试使用外部 IP 访问该框（例如 123.456.789.123）时，就会出现问题。我一直收到超时提示，好像防火墙正在断开连接。我仔细检查了防火墙规则，发现它与端口 80 的配置相同（在公司防火墙和服务器防火墙上 - 端口 80 都可以正常工作）。
nmap -p 12489 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
Starting Nmap 6.40 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2014-08-26 09:18 AST
Nmap scan report for xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
Host is up (0.00054s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE
12489/tcp filtered unknown
我还尝试完全禁用服务器防火墙，看看是否有区别，但结果没有。我已与公司防火墙供应商 (Cyberoam) 核实我们的配置是正确的，他们也确认了这一点（这很有意义，因为端口 80 和其他几个端口（包括 RDP）都可以正常工作）。
NSClient++配置如下。
[modules]
;# NSCLIENT++ MODULES
;# A list with DLLs to load at startup.
; You will need to enable some of these for NSClient++ to work.
; ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
; * *
; * N O T I C E ! ! ! - Y O U H A V E T O E D I T T H I S *
; * *
; ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
FileLogger.dll
CheckSystem.dll
CheckDisk.dll
NSClientListener.dll
NRPEListener.dll
SysTray.dll
CheckEventLog.dll
CheckHelpers.dll
;CheckWMI.dll
CheckNSCP.dll
;
; Script to check external scripts and/or internal aliases.
CheckExternalScripts.dll
;
; NSCA Agent if you enable this NSClient++ will talk to NSCA hosts repeatedly (so dont enable unless you want to use NSCA)
NSCAAgent.dll
;
; LUA script module used to write your own "check deamon".
LUAScript.dll
;
; RemoteConfiguration IS AN EXTREM EARLY IDEA SO DONT USE FOR PRODUCTION ENVIROMNEMTS!
;RemoteConfiguration.dll
; Check other hosts through NRPE extreme beta and probably a bit dangerous! :)
NRPEClient.dll
; Extreamly early beta of a task-schedule checker
CheckTaskSched.dll
[crash]
; Archive crash dump files if a crash is detected
;archive=1
; Submit crash reports to a crash report server (this overrrides archive)
;submit=0
; Restart service if a crash is detected
;restart=1
[Settings]
;# OBFUSCATED PASSWORD
; This is the same as the password option but here you can store the password in an obfuscated manner.
; *NOTICE* obfuscation is *NOT* the same as encryption, someone with access to this file can still figure out the
; password. Its just a bit harder to do it at first glance.
;obfuscated_password=
;
;# PASSWORD
; This is the password (-s) that is required to access NSClient remotely. If you leave this blank everyone will be able to access the daemon remotly.
;password=secret-password
;
;# ALLOWED HOST ADDRESSES
; This is a comma-delimited list of IP address of hosts that are allowed to talk to the all daemons.
; If leave this blank anyone can access the deamon remotly (NSClient still requires a valid password).
; The syntax is host or ip/mask so 192.168.0.0/24 will allow anyone on that subnet access
allowed_hosts=
;# USE THIS FILE
; Use the INI file as opposed to the registry if this is 0 and the use_reg in the registry is set to 1
; the registry will be used instead.
use_file=1
;
; # USE SHARED MEMORY CHANNELS
; This is the "new" way for using the system tray based on an IPC framework on top shared memmory channels and events.
; It is brand new and (probably has bugs) so dont enable this unless for testing!
; If set to 1 shared channels will be created and system tray icons created and such and such...
;shared_session=0
[log]
;# LOG DEBUG
; Set to 1 if you want debug message printed in the log file (debug messages are always printed to stdout when run with -test)
debug=1
;
;# LOG FILE
; The file to print log statements to
file=nsclient.log
;
;# LOG DATE MASK
; The format to for the date/time part of the log entry written to file.
date_mask=%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
;
;# LOG ROOT FOLDER
; The root folder to use for logging.
; exe = the folder where the executable is located
; local-app-data = local application data (probably a better choice then the old default)
;root_folder=exe
[NSClient]
;# ALLOWED HOST ADDRESSES
; This is a comma-delimited list of IP address of hosts that are allowed to talk to NSClient deamon.
; If you leave this blank the global version will be used instead.
;allowed_hosts=
;
;# NSCLIENT PORT NUMBER
; This is the port the NSClientListener.dll will listen to.
port=12489
;
;# BIND TO ADDRESS
; Allows you to bind server to a specific local address. This has to be a dotted ip adress not a hostname.
; Leaving this blank will bind to all avalible IP adresses.
;bind_to_address=
;
;# SOCKET TIMEOUT
; Timeout when reading packets on incoming sockets. If the data has not arrived withint this time we will bail out.
;socket_timeout=30
[NRPE]
;# NRPE PORT NUMBER
; This is the port the NRPEListener.dll will listen to.
;port=5666
;
;# COMMAND TIMEOUT
; This specifies the maximum number of seconds that the NRPE daemon will allow plug-ins to finish executing before killing them off.
;command_timeout=60
;
;# COMMAND ARGUMENT PROCESSING
; This option determines whether or not the NRPE daemon will allow clients to specify arguments to commands that are executed.
;allow_arguments=0
;
;# COMMAND ALLOW NASTY META CHARS
; This option determines whether or not the NRPE daemon will allow clients to specify nasty (as in |`&><'"\[]{}) characters in arguments.
;allow_nasty_meta_chars=0
;
;# USE SSL SOCKET
; This option controls if SSL should be used on the socket.
;use_ssl=1
;
;# BIND TO ADDRESS
; Allows you to bind server to a specific local address. This has to be a dotted ip adress not a hostname.
; Leaving this blank will bind to all avalible IP adresses.
; bind_to_address=
;
;# ALLOWED HOST ADDRESSES
; This is a comma-delimited list of IP address of hosts that are allowed to talk to NRPE deamon.
; If you leave this blank the global version will be used instead.
;allowed_hosts=
;
;# SCRIPT DIRECTORY
; All files in this directory will become check commands.
; *WARNING* This is undoubtedly dangerous so use with care!
;script_dir=scripts\
;
;# SOCKET TIMEOUT
; Timeout when reading packets on incoming sockets. If the data has not arrived withint this time we will bail out.
;socket_timeout=30
[Check System]
;# CPU BUFFER SIZE
; Can be anything ranging from 1s (for 1 second) to 10w for 10 weeks. Notice that a larger buffer will waste memory
; so don't use a larger buffer then you need (ie. the longest check you do +1).
;CPUBufferSize=1h
;
;# CHECK RESOLUTION
; The resolution to check values (currently only CPU).
; The value is entered in 1/10:th of a second and the default is 10 (which means ones every second)
;CheckResolution=10
;
;# CHECK ALL SERVICES
; Configure how to check services when a CheckAll is performed.
; ...=started means services in that class *has* to be running.
; ...=stopped means services in that class has to be stopped.
; ...=ignored means services in this class will be ignored.
;check_all_services[SERVICE_BOOT_START]=ignored
;check_all_services[SERVICE_SYSTEM_START]=ignored
;check_all_services[SERVICE_AUTO_START]=started
;check_all_services[SERVICE_DEMAND_START]=ignored
;check_all_services[SERVICE_DISABLED]=stopped
[External Script]
;# COMMAND TIMEOUT
; This specifies the maximum number of seconds that the NRPE daemon will allow plug-ins to finish executing before killing them off.
;command_timeout=60
;
;# COMMAND ARGUMENT PROCESSING
; This option determines whether or not the NRPE daemon will allow clients to specify arguments to commands that are executed.
;allow_arguments=0
;
;# COMMAND ALLOW NASTY META CHARS
; This option determines whether or not the NRPE daemon will allow clients to specify nasty (as in |`&><'"\[]{}) characters in arguments.
;allow_nasty_meta_chars=0
;
;# SCRIPT DIRECTORY
; All files in this directory will become check commands.
; *WARNING* This is undoubtedly dangerous so use with care!
;script_dir=c:\my\script\dir
[Script Wrappings]
vbs=cscript.exe //T:30 //NoLogo scripts\lib\wrapper.vbs %SCRIPT% %ARGS%
ps1=cmd /c echo scripts\%SCRIPT% %ARGS%; exit($lastexitcode) | powershell.exe -command -
bat=scripts\%SCRIPT% %ARGS%
[External Scripts]
;check_es_long=scripts\long.bat
;check_es_ok=scripts\ok.bat
;check_es_nok=scripts\nok.bat
;check_vbs_sample=cscript.exe //T:30 //NoLogo scripts\check_vb.vbs
;check_powershell_warn=cmd /c echo scripts\powershell.ps1 | powershell.exe -command -
[External Alias]
alias_cpu=checkCPU warn=80 crit=90 time=5m time=1m time=30s
alias_cpu_ex=checkCPU warn=$ARG1$ crit=$ARG2$ time=5m time=1m time=30s
alias_mem=checkMem MaxWarn=80% MaxCrit=90% ShowAll=long type=physical type=virtual type=paged type=page
alias_up=checkUpTime MinWarn=1d MinWarn=1h
alias_disk=CheckDriveSize MinWarn=10% MinCrit=5% CheckAll FilterType=FIXED
alias_disk_loose=CheckDriveSize MinWarn=10% MinCrit=5% CheckAll FilterType=FIXED ignore-unreadable
alias_volumes=CheckDriveSize MinWarn=10% MinCrit=5% CheckAll=volumes FilterType=FIXED
alias_volumes_loose=CheckDriveSize MinWarn=10% MinCrit=5% CheckAll=volumes FilterType=FIXED ignore-unreadable
alias_service=checkServiceState CheckAll
alias_service_ex=checkServiceState CheckAll "exclude=Net Driver HPZ12" "exclude=Pml Driver HPZ12" exclude=stisvc
alias_process=checkProcState "$ARG1$=started"
alias_process_stopped=checkProcState "$ARG1$=stopped"
alias_process_count=checkProcState MaxWarnCount=$ARG2$ MaxCritCount=$ARG3$ "$ARG1$=started"
alias_process_hung=checkProcState MaxWarnCount=1 MaxCritCount=1 "$ARG1$=hung"
alias_event_log=CheckEventLog file=application file=system MaxWarn=1 MaxCrit=1 "filter=generated gt -2d AND severity NOT IN ('success', 'informational') AND source != 'SideBySide'" truncate=800 unique descriptions "syntax=%severity%: %source%: %message% (%count%)"
alias_file_size=CheckFiles "filter=size > $ARG2$" "path=$ARG1$" MaxWarn=1 MaxCrit=1 "syntax=%filename% %size%" max-dir-depth=10
alias_file_age=checkFile2 filter=out "file=$ARG1$" filter-written=>1d MaxWarn=1 MaxCrit=1 "syntax=%filename% %write%"
alias_sched_all=CheckTaskSched "filter=exit_code ne 0" "syntax=%title%: %exit_code%" warn=>0
alias_sched_long=CheckTaskSched "filter=status = 'running' AND most_recent_run_time < -$ARG1$" "syntax=%title% (%most_recent_run_time%)" warn=>0
alias_sched_task=CheckTaskSched "filter=title eq '$ARG1$' AND exit_code ne 0" "syntax=%title% (%most_recent_run_time%)" warn=>0
alias_updates=check_updates -warning 0 -critical 0
check_ok=CheckOK Everything is fine!
[Wrapped Scripts]
;check_test_vbs=check_test.vbs /arg1:1 /arg2:1 /variable:1
;check_test_ps1=check_test.ps1 arg1 arg2
;check_test_bat=check_test.bat arg1 arg2
;check_battery=check_battery.vbs
;check_printer=check_printer.vbs
;check_updates=check_updates.vbs
; [includes]
;# The order when used is "reversed" thus the last included file will be "first"
;# Included files can include other files (be carefull only do basic recursive checking)
;
; myotherfile.ini
; real.ini
[NSCA Agent]
;# CHECK INTERVALL (in seconds)
; How often we should run the checks and submit the results.
;interval=5
;
;# ENCRYPTION METHOD
; This option determines the method by which the send_nsca client will encrypt the packets it sends
; to the nsca daemon. The encryption method you choose will be a balance between security and
; performance, as strong encryption methods consume more processor resources.
; You should evaluate your security needs when choosing an encryption method.
;
; Note: The encryption method you specify here must match the decryption method the nsca daemon uses
; (as specified in the nsca.cfg file)!!
; Values:
; 0 = None (Do NOT use this option)
; 1 = Simple XOR (No security, just obfuscation, but very fast)
; 2 = DES
; 3 = 3DES (Triple DES)
; 4 = CAST-128
; 6 = xTEA
; 8 = BLOWFISH
; 9 = TWOFISH
; 11 = RC2
; 14 = RIJNDAEL-128 (AES)
; 20 = SERPENT
;encryption_method=14
;
;# ENCRYPTION PASSWORD
; This is the password/passphrase that should be used to encrypt the sent packets.
;password=
;
;# BIND TO ADDRESS
; Allows you to bind server to a specific local address. This has to be a dotted ip adress not a hostname.
; Leaving this blank will bind to "one" local interface.
; -- not supported as of now --
;bind_to_address=
;
;# LOCAL HOST NAME
; The name of this host (if empty "computername" will be used.
;hostname=
;
;# NAGIOS SERVER ADDRESS
; The address to the nagios server to submit results to.
;nsca_host=192.168.0.1
;
;# NAGIOS SERVER PORT
; The port to the nagios server to submit results to.
;nsca_port=5667
;
;# CHECK COMMAND LIST
; The checks to run everytime we submit results back to nagios
; Any command(alias/key) starting with a host_ is sent as HOST_COMMAND others are sent as SERVICE_COMMANDS
; where the alias/key is used as service name.
;
[NSCA Commands]
;my_cpu_check=checkCPU warn=80 crit=90 time=20m time=10s time=4
;my_mem_check=checkMem MaxWarn=80% MaxCrit=90% ShowAll type=page
;my_svc_check=checkServiceState CheckAll exclude=wampmysqld exclude=MpfService
;host_check=check_ok
;# REMOTE NRPE PROXY COMMANDS
; A list of commands that check other hosts.
; Used by the NRPECLient module
[NRPE Client Handlers]
#check_other=-H 194.68.42.62 -p 5666 -c remote_command -a arguments
;# LUA SCRIPT SECTION
; A list of all Lua scripts to load.
;[LUA Scripts]
;scripts\test.lua
有什么办法可以检查流量丢失的位置吗（两个防火墙日志均未显示流量）。比如该端口的跟踪路由？或者我可能遗漏了其他什么？
编辑
我忘了提到 ping 检查对内部和外部 IP 都有效，以防有区别。
答案1
我遇到了类似的问题。我会检查路由器上的端口是否正确转发，并在 allowed_hosts 值中添加 Icinga 服务器的 ip 或 url。