![为什么在 nginX 中给静态文件添加 Expire-Header 不起作用](https://linux22.com/image/642293/%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E5%9C%A8%20nginX%20%E4%B8%AD%E7%BB%99%E9%9D%99%E6%80%81%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0%20Expire-Header%20%E4%B8%8D%E8%B5%B7%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8.png)
我有一个单独的服务器块,其中存放着我的网站。在该块内,我添加了location
如下块:
server {
...
location ~* \.(?:ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)$ {
expires 30d;
add_header Pragma public;
add_header Cache-Control "public";
}
...
}
当我使用 Y! Slow 检查过期标头时,什么都没有缓存!
注意:我在测试之前重新加载了我的配置文件。
编辑1:
我注意到改变任何静止的文件不会反映浏览器的新更改。此缓存是指服务器端缓存吗?我们不能在客户端浏览器上缓存吗?
编辑2:
HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Server: nginx
Date: Tue, 23 Sep 2014 07:41:20 GMT
Content-Type: image/png
Content-Length: 5597
Last-Modified: Wed, 30 Jul 2014 22:50:19 GMT
ETag: "53d976ab-15dd"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Age: 30396
Connection: close
编辑3:
完整的 nginX 配置:
# You may add here your
# server {
# ...
# }
# statements for each of your virtual hosts to this file
##
# You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding
# of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.
# http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls
# http://wiki.nginx.org/QuickStart
# http://wiki.nginx.org/Configuration
#
# Generally, you will want to move this file somewhere, and start with a clean
# file but keep this around for reference. Or just disable in sites-enabled.
#
# Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.
##
server {
# Port that the web server will listen on.
listen 80;
# Host that will serve this project.
server_name localhost;
# Useful logs for debug.
location ~* \.(ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)$ {
expires 30d;
add_header Pragma public;
add_header Cache-Control "public";
}
# The location of our projects public directory.
root /var/www/html;
# Point index to the Laravel front controller.
index index.php;
location / {
# URLs to attempt, including pretty ones.
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
}
# Remove trailing slash to please routing system.
if (!-d $request_filename) {
rewrite ^/(.+)/$ /$1 permanent;
}
# PHP FPM configuration.
location ~* \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
}
# We don't need .ht files with nginx.
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(themes/\w+/views) {
deny all;
}
#avoid processing of calls to unexisting static files by yii
location ~ \.(js|css|png|jpg|gif|swf|ico|pdf|mov|fla|zip|rar)$ {
try_files $uri =404;
}
}
# Only for nginx-naxsi used with nginx-naxsi-ui : process denied requests
#location /RequestDenied {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
#}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
#error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
#location = /50x.html {
# root /usr/share/nginx/html;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
# # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
#
# # With php5-cgi alone:
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# # With php5-fpm:
# fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
#
# location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443;
# server_name localhost;
#
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
#
# ssl on;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
#
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
#
# ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1;
# ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv3:+EXP;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#
# location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
# }
#}
答案1
原因是您有两个与图像文件匹配的块:
location ~* \.(?:ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)$ {
location ~ \.(js|css|png|jpg|gif|swf|ico|pdf|mov|fla|zip|rar)$ {
这意味着 nginx 仅对您的图像文件使用后者。
您需要将location
语句更改为如下形式:
location ~* \.(?:ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)$ {
expires 30d;
add_header Pragma public;
add_header Cache-Control "public";
try_files $uri =404;
}
location ~ \.(?:swf|pdf|mov|fla|zip|rar)$ {
try_files $uri =404;
}
现在图像文件仅与第一个块匹配,因此使用它。
Expires
如果您想控制浏览器缓存文件的时间,而无需从服务器重新验证它们,您还应该考虑添加标头。