我遇到了错误，我思考使用 coreutils，yum 不会更新。以下是我运行时看到的精简输出yum update：
Resolving Dependencies
There are unfinished transactions remaining. You might consider running yum-complete-transaction first to finish them.
The program yum-complete-transaction is found in the yum-utils package.
--> Running transaction check
---> Package PyYAML.x86_64 0:3.10-3.el6 will be updated
---> Package PyYAML.x86_64 0:3.10-3.1.el6 will be an update
... more of the same, and then:
--> Processing Dependency: coreutils = 8.4-31.el6_5.2 for package: coreutils-libs-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64
---> Package coreutils.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6 will be an update
... then more of the same --> Finished Dependency Resolution
--> Running transaction check
---> Package coreutils.x86_64 0:8.4-31.el6_5.2 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: coreutils = 8.4-31.el6_5.2 for package: coreutils-libs-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64
---> Package kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-431.17.1.el6 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: coreutils-libs-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64 (@updates)
Requires: coreutils = 8.4-31.el6_5.2
Removing: coreutils-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64 (@updates)
coreutils = 8.4-31.el6_5.2
Updated By: coreutils-8.4-37.el6.x86_64 (base)
coreutils = 8.4-37.el6
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
** Found 71 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
audit-libs-2.3.7-5.el6.x86_64 is a duplicate with audit-libs-2.2-4.el6_5.x86_64
audit-libs-python-2.3.7-5.el6.x86_64 is a duplicate with audit-libs-python-2.2-4.el6_5.x86_64
... then lots more like the above duplicate
我有另一台与此服务器（几乎）完全相同的服务器（它们负载平衡并且使用相同的映像），并且该服务器没有出现同样的问题。可能是什么问题？我应该如何进行最佳操作？
更新：
我也运行yum-complete-transaction失败了，并说它已重命名交易文件。它仍然说有一个未完成的交易，但现在当我运行它时发生了这种情况：
[root@nico ~]# yum-complete-transaction
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* webtatic: uk.repo.webtatic.com
drivesrvr | 951 B 00:00
There are 1 outstanding transactions to complete. Finishing the most recent one
The remaining transaction had 252 elements left to run
... lots of:
Package name-1.23.x8x_64 already installed and latest version
...
--> Running transaction check
... lots of entries like this:
---> Package PyYAML.x86_64 0:3.10-3.el6 will be updated
... and this:
---> Package PyYAML.x86_64 0:3.10-3.1.el6 will be an update
... and this:
---> Package audit-libs.x86_64 0:2.2-4.el6_5 will be erased
Killed
然后它突然停了下来Killed。
我尝试运行yum update --skip-broken下一步：
[root@nico ~]# yum update --skip-broken
Freeing read locks for locker 0x7d: 28940/139976145426176
Freeing read locks for locker 0x7f: 28940/139976145426176
Freeing read locks for locker 0x80: 28940/139976145426176
Freeing read locks for locker 0x81: 28940/139976145426176
Freeing read locks for locker 0x82: 28940/139976145426176
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, replace
Setting up Update Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* webtatic: uk.repo.webtatic.com
drivesrvr | 951 B 00:00
Resolving Dependencies
There are unfinished transactions remaining. You might consider running yum-complete-transaction first to finish them.
--> Running transaction check
... lots of will be updated/will be an update/etc, then:
--> Processing Dependency: coreutils = 8.4-31.el6_5.2 for package: coreutils-libs-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64
然后再添加几个Running transaction check:s，以及Processing Dependency: coreutils =...更多willy be updated/willbe an update条目中的条目。然后：
Packages skipped because of dependency problems:
coreutils-8.4-37.el6.x86_64 from base
Dependencies Resolved
Installing:然后我看到一个包含和包列表的表格Updating:，最后有一个摘要：
Install 2 Package(s)
Upgrade 79 Package(s)
Remove 1 Package(s)
然后它下载所有包（81/81 成功）并最后显示以下内容：
Total 3.0 MB/s | 115 MB 00:37
Running rpm_check_debug
Killed
更新 2：
我也运行过yum clean all，也遇到了一些问题。我找到了一些建议，删除__db*文件并重试：
[root@nico ~]# yum clean all
rpmdb: Thread/process 29404/139880514733824 failed: Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db3 error(-30974) from dbenv->failchk: DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages index using db3 - (-30974)
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
CRITICAL:yum.main:
Error: rpmdb open failed
[root@nico ~]# rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db*
[root@nico ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, replace
Cleaning repos: base drivesrvr epel extras ius newrelic percona-release-noarch percona-release-x86_64 rackspace updates webtatic
Cleaning up Everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@nico ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, replace
Cleaning repos: base drivesrvr epel extras ius newrelic percona-release-noarch percona-release-x86_64 rackspace updates webtatic
Cleaning up Everything
[root@nico ~]#
更新 3：
我跟踪了一下/var/log/messages，发现运行时有很多输出yum-complete-transaction，其中最后两行是：
Nov 14 08:19:47 nico kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 30995 (yum-complete-tr) score 149 or sacrifice child
Nov 14 08:19:47 nico kernel: Killed process 30995, UID 0, (yum-complete-tr) total-vm:641952kB, anon-rss:181420kB, file-rss:4kB
因此，这可能表明它与内存有关。如果是这样，这是需要更多 RAM 的情况，还是还有其他问题需要我调查？
答案1
类似问题 - 以及我的解决方法。我的内存也出现了问题，因此不得不升级 VPS 的内存。然后我执行了 yum update - 当然出现了上述错误。因此查看了失败的原因，发现 Yum 安装（好吧，开始安装）了最新的 coreutils - 版本 37，而我仍有 31 的部分。因此，首先删除了版本 37，然后清理，然后再次运行 yum update。
这使得 '31' 版本可以干净地“更新”。请参阅下面的工作：
--> Running transaction check
---> Package coreutils.x86_64 0:8.4-31.el6_5.2 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: coreutils = 8.4-31.el6_5.2 for package: coreutils-libs-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64
---> Package coreutils.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: coreutils-libs-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64 (@updates)
Requires: coreutils = 8.4-31.el6_5.2
Removing: coreutils-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64 (@updates)
coreutils = 8.4-31.el6_5.2
Updated By: coreutils-8.4-37.el6.x86_64 (base)
coreutils = 8.4-37.el6
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
跑步yum remove coreutils-libs-8.4-37.el6.x86_64：
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package coreutils-libs.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==============================
========================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================================
Removing:
coreutils-libs x86_64 8.4-37.el6 installed 5.4 k
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================================
Remove 1 Package(s)
Installed size: 5.4 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Erasing : coreutils-libs-8.4-37.el6.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : coreutils-libs-8.4-37.el6.x86_64 1/1
Removed:
coreutils-libs.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6
Complete!
使用以下方法进行清理yum clean all：
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: base extras updates
Cleaning up Everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
进行包列表刷新yum update：
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Update Process
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.lga7.us.voxel.net
* extras: mirrors.lga7.us.voxel.net
* updates: mirror.cc.columbia.edu
base | 3.7 kB 00:00
base/primary_db | 4.6 MB 00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
extras/primary_db | 30 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates/primary_db | 1.5 MB 00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package coreutils.x86_64 0:8.4-31.el6_5.2 will be updated
---> Package coreutils.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6 will be an update
---> Package coreutils-libs.x86_64 0:8.4-31.el6_5.2 will be updated
---> Package coreutils-libs.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
======================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================================
Updating:
coreutils x86_64 8.4-37.el6 base 3.0 M
coreutils-libs x86_64 8.4-37.el6 base 50 k
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================================
Upgrade 2 Package(s)
Total download size: 3.1 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/2): coreutils-8.4-37.el6.x86_64.rpm | 3.0 MB 00:00
(2/2): coreutils-libs-8.4-37.el6.x86_64.rpm | 50 kB 00:00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 44 MB/s | 3.1 MB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Updating : coreutils-libs-8.4-37.el6.x86_64 1/4
Updating : coreutils-8.4-37.el6.x86_64 2/4
Cleanup : coreutils-libs-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64 3/4
Cleanup : coreutils-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : coreutils-8.4-37.el6.x86_64 1/4
Verifying : coreutils-libs-8.4-37.el6.x86_64 2/4
Verifying : coreutils-libs-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64 3/4
Verifying : coreutils-8.4-31.el6_5.2.x86_64 4/4
Updated:
coreutils.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6 coreutils-libs.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6
Complete!
—你好。
答案2
答案3
尝试$ yum update --skip-broken跳过损坏的包裹（您可以稍后处理它们），$ yum clean all在做任何事情之前运行可能是个好主意。
答案4
尝试
yum 降级软件包名称
不知道为什么，但它更新了，或者至少它对我的 tcpdump 包进行了更新。从版本 tcpdump-4.5.1-2.el7.x86_64 升级到 tcpdump-4.7.4-1_ESG_ring.x86_64，这正是我想要的。