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真的很纠结于 nginx 重写为 https

tag-icon • tag-icon nginx rewrite https
真的很纠结于 nginx 重写为 https

我希望有人能帮帮忙。

我是 ubuntu 和 nginx 的新手，已经建立了自己的服务器（在网上各种指南的帮助下）

这是我的设置。

ubuntu 服务器 14.04、nginx、php5 fpm、静态 IP、默认工作网站（我觉得不需要设置虚拟主机）

请记住，几周前我对 nginx 一无所知，甚至不知道它的存在，所以我做得还不错，并且在此过程中学到了很多东西。

我想要的是可以从 www 访问

我的 IP 212.100.10.100（用于示例）

我的域名https://example.com

WWW 版本https://www.example.com

我已正确设置 SSL 证书，并且 nginx 对此很满意

我尝试将所有流量重定向到 https://，但结果好坏参半。IE 要么我访问我的网站并下载页面，要么出现错误 403，我认为表示请求正在发送到 https 端口。当发生这种情况时，我可以使用 https 顺利访问我的网站

这是我编辑过的 nginx 网站配置，请忽略#我一直在尝试一些东西 :) 目前我的网站在 http:// 上使用此配置运行良好，我也可以通过我的 IP 访问

server {
    listen 80;
        listen [::]:80 ipv6only=on;
    server_name 212.100.10.100 example.com www.example.com;
#   return         301 https:// $example.com$request_uri;
        root /var/www/public_html;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
#}

#server {
#   listen 80;
#   server_name www.example.com
#   return      301 https:// $example.com$request_uri;
#        root /var/www/public_html;
#        index index.php index.html index.htm;
#}

#server {
#        listen 443 ssl;
#        listen [::]:443 ipv6only=on;
#   server_name example.com;

#   root /var/www/public_html;
#   index index.php index.html index.htm;

       ######HTTPS..

#       ssl on;
#       ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/bundle.cer;
#       ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/example.key;
#       ssl_session_timeout 5m;

#       ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;

   # Add perfect forward secrecy
#        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#   ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA';

   # Add HSTS
#        add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains";

    # Basic web server configuration.
        index        index.php
        #access_log   off;
        client_max_body_size  1G;

    # GZIP static content not processed by IPB.
    gzip  on;
    gzip_static on;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_comp_level 3;
    gzip_proxied any;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript ap$
    gzip_buffers 16 8k;
    gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)";

# Set up rewrite rules.
    location / {
        try_files  $uri $uri/ /index.php;
    }
    location ~^(/page/).*(\.php)$ {
        try_files  $uri $uri/ /index.php;
    }

    # Stub Status module
    location /server_status {
        stub_status on;
        #allow 127.0.0.1;
        #deny all;
    }

    # Deny access to hidden files
    location ~ /\. {
        deny  all;
    }

    # IP.Board PHP/CGI Protection
    location ~^(/uploads/).*(\.php)$ {
        deny     all;
    }
    location ~^(/hooks/).*(\.php)$ {
        deny     all;
    }
    location ~^(/cache/).*(\.php)$ {
        deny     all;
    }
    location ~^(/screenshots/).*(\.php)$ {
        deny     all;
    }
    location ~^(/downloads/).*(\.php)$ {
        deny     all;
    }
    location ~^(/blog/).*(\.php)$ {
        deny     all;
    }
    location ~^(/public/style_).*(\.php)$ {
        deny     all;
    }

    # Caching directives for static files.
    location ~^(/uploads/profile/).*\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png)$ {
        access_log off;
        expires    1d;
    }
    location ~* ^.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|xml|htm|txt|swf|cur)$ {
        access_log off;
        expires    1w;
    }

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

        location ~ \.php$ {
                fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
                # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
        try_files  $uri $uri/ /index.php;
                # With php5-cgi alone:
                #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                # With php5-fpm:
                fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_buffers 16 8k;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 16k;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                include fastcgi_params;
        }

    location /phpmyadmin {
        auth_basic "Admin Login";
        auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/pma_pass;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
    fastcgi_buffers 256 4k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 240;

    }

###HTTPS REWRITES

#
# Rewrite http requests to https
#
#server {
#  listen 80;
#  server_name example.com;
#  return 301 https:// example.com$request_uri;
#}

#
# Rewrite requests for http:// www.example.com to https:// example.com
#
#server {
#  listen 80;
#  server_name www.example.com;
#  return 301 https:// example.com$request_uri;
#}

}

当我尝试配置它时，每次都会遇到问题，似乎如果我在服务器名称指令中没有 IP 地址和域，那么当我尝试访问它们时，我会得到标准的“欢迎使用 nginx”页面，这表明可能是我遗漏了另一个配置

编辑..

谢谢您的帮助，这是新的设置，它似乎可以起作用。

当我尝试让它正常工作时，我只是发表评论以保持我的网站在线。

再次感谢:) 如果有人发现我做错了什么我会很高兴听到。

server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80 ipv6only=on;
    server_name _;
    return 301 https:// example.com$request_uri;
}

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    listen [::]:443 ipv6only=on;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;

    root /var/www/public_html;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;

    ######HTTPS..

   ssl on;
   ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/bundle.cer;
   ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/example.key;
   ssl_session_timeout 5m;

   ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;

# Add perfect forward secrecy
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA';

# Add HSTS
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains";

# Basic web server configuration.
    index        index.php
    #access_log   off;
    client_max_body_size  1G;

# GZIP static content not processed by IPB.
gzip  on;
gzip_static on;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_comp_level 3;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript ap$
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)";

# Set up rewrite rules.
location / {
    try_files  $uri $uri/ /index.php;
}
location ~^(/page/).*(\.php)$ {
    try_files  $uri $uri/ /index.php;
}

# Stub Status module
location /server_status {
    stub_status on;
    #allow 127.0.0.1;
    #deny all;
}

# Deny access to hidden files
location ~ /\. {
    deny  all;
}

# IP.Board PHP/CGI Protection
location ~^(/uploads/).*(\.php)$ {
    deny     all;
}
location ~^(/hooks/).*(\.php)$ {
    deny     all;
}
location ~^(/cache/).*(\.php)$ {
    deny     all;
}
location ~^(/screenshots/).*(\.php)$ {
    deny     all;
}
location ~^(/downloads/).*(\.php)$ {
    deny     all;
}
location ~^(/blog/).*(\.php)$ {
    deny     all;
}
location ~^(/public/style_).*(\.php)$ {
    deny     all;
}

# Caching directives for static files.
location ~^(/uploads/profile/).*\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png)$ {
    access_log off;
    expires    1d;
}
location ~* ^.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|xml|htm|txt|swf|cur)$ {
    access_log off;
    expires    1w;
}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

    location ~ \.php$ {
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
            # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
    try_files  $uri $uri/ /index.php;
            # With php5-cgi alone:
            #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
            # With php5-fpm:
            fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_buffers 16 8k;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 16k;
    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include fastcgi_params;
    }

location /phpmyadmin {
    auth_basic "Admin Login";
    auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/pma_pass;
fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
fastcgi_buffers 256 4k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
fastcgi_read_timeout 240;

}
}

答案1

据我所知，您的 nginx 不监听 433/ssl。您的配置缺少实际的 http 到 https 重定向。使用 ip 地址server_name是无稽之谈。

您应该创建两个server {}语句，一个用于端口 80，另一个用于 ssl；并从第一个重定向到第二个。您的配置包含此类尝试的痕迹；我不明白您为什么注释掉所有这些。您唯一错过的（如果我们考虑您注释掉的部分，除了最后两个server {}，它们是冗余和错误的）是实际的重定向，您可以从最后两个中的任何一个中获取它server {}。

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