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服务器更新后无法安装 rmagick

tag-icon • tag-icon ruby-on-rails imagemagick gem rmagick
服务器更新后无法安装 rmagick

我正在运行 Debian 服务器，并在一段时间后升级了所有软件包（apt-get update、apt-get upgrade、apt-get distro-upgrade）。然后 rmagick 不再工作，因为 imagemagick 已更新。

于是我跑了：

gem uninstall rmagick
bundle install

然后我得到了这个：

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /usr/local/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... yes
checking for gcc... yes
checking for Magick-config... no
Can't install RMagick 0.0.0. Can't find Magick-config in /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games

*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/usr/local/bin/ruby

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /srv/www/www.example.com/shared/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/rmagick-2.13.3 for inspection.
Results logged to /srv/www/www.example.com/shared/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.1.0-static/rmagick-2.13.3/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing rmagick (2.13.3), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install rmagick -v '2.13.3'` succeeds before bundling.

这是cat mkmf.log：

    checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... -------------------- yes

--------------------

find_executable: checking for gcc... -------------------- yes

--------------------

find_executable: checking for Magick-config... -------------------- no

--------------------

Can't install RMagick 0.0.0. Can't find Magick-config in /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games

谁能帮我这个？

--- 更新 1 ---

在安装了一些 graphicsmagic 东西之后，我得到了一些进一步的信息：

apt-get install graphicsmagick-libmagick-dev-compat
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libmagick++-6-headers libmagick++-6.q16-dev
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  libmagick++-dev libmagickcore-dev
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  graphicsmagick-libmagick-dev-compat
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 2 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/26.2 kB of archives.
After this operation, 267 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

这是bundle install输出：

checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... yes
checking for gcc... yes
checking for Magick-config... yes
checking for ImageMagick version >= 6.4.9... yes
checking for stdint.h... yes
checking for sys/types.h... yes
checking for wand/MagickWand.h... no

Can't install RMagick 0.0.0. Can't find MagickWand.h.
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/usr/local/bin/ruby

extconf failed, exit code 1

这对我们有帮助吗？

* --- 更新 2 --- *

graphicsmagick-libmagick-dev-compat安装并单独安装后libmagickcore-dev，我尝试安装libmagick++-dev

apt-get install libmagick++-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  graphicsmagick-libmagick-dev-compat
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libmagick++-dev
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 1 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/121 kB of archives.
After this operation, 115 kB of additional disk space will be used.

答案1

问题很简单。您的系统上任何地方都找不到 Magick-config。当您卸载 imagemagick 时，它也被卸载了 - 显然您没有再次使用 imagemagick 安装它。要解决此问题，请安装以下软件包：

sudo apt-get install libmagick++-dev graphicsmagick-libmagick-dev-compat libmagickcore-dev

然后重新运行 gem 安装程序。

答案2

对于将来遇到此问题的人：我花了很长时间才解决。这是我所做的：

sudo apt-get purge imagemagick libmagickcore-dev libmagickwand-dev
sudo rm -R /usr/include/ImageMagick-6/magick
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ImageMagick-6.8.9/bin-Q16/Magick-config /usr/bin/Magick-config
sudo apt-get install imagemagick libmagickcore-dev libmagickwand-dev

答案3

可能是您正在安装 ImageMagick 版本 7.xx，它会在您的usr/lib/local/include/ImageMagick7.x.x文件夹中生成不同的文件夹名称。

在 ImageMagick6.xx 版本中，我们有magick，wand命名的文件夹，而在 ImageMagick7.xx 版本中，这个文件夹被命名为MagickCore，MagickWand。因此，此更新会导致某些 gem 安装出现问题，例如此处。使用 magick/some_header.h或wand/some_header.h（意味着它们没有使用新的 7.xx ImageMagick 版本进行更新）。

这就是我们收到此错误的原因：

```

checking for outdated ImageMagick version (<= 6.4.9)... no
checking for presence of MagickWand API (ImageMagick version >= 6.9.0)... no
 .... 
checking for wand/MagickWand.h... no

```

在日志文件中类似这样的内容：

error: 'MagickCore/method-attribute.h' file not found
#include "MagickCore/method-attribute.h"
         ^

解决方案

从官方网站在您的系统中安装 ImageMagick6.xx 版本：https://www.imagemagick.org/download/并使用以下命令进行安装（解压 zip/tar 后）：

./configure
make 
make install

然后做

gem install rmagick

它会起作用的。

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