最后一天我一直在寻找这个问题的解决方案：
我的 postfix(+dovecot) 配置完全能够接收电子邮件并通过 IMAP 提供服务，但无法通过 SMTP（端口 587）接受电子邮件。
我已经尝试添加例子.net到中继域，但由于它已经在虚拟邮箱域数据库中，因此失败。
我已经尝试添加mail.example.net到虚拟邮箱域数据库。
对于设置我遵循阿尔斯泰克尼卡的指导关于设置电子邮件服务器。也许有人会认出一些元素。注意：由于缺少 postfix-dovecot 包，我无法完全按照指南操作，但我认为我已经克服了潜在的问题，因为我可以接收邮件。
进一步注意：发送到其他地址（如[电子邮件保护]) 确实有效。
我可以提供所需的任何文件。
如果需要：postfix 版本 2.11.3
请注意：example.net 是我的域名的替代品。它是有效的，DNS 已设置，并且安装了有效的 TLS 证书。
配置文件
后缀：main.cf
# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version
# Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first
# line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default
# is /etc/mailname.
#myorigin = /etc/mailname
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP
smtpd_helo_required = yes
smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname, reject_invalid_helo_hostname, reject_unknown_helo_hostname, permit
smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unknown_client_hostname, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_unauth_destination, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender
#smtpd_relay_restrictions = reject_unknown_client_hostname,reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain,reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender
smtpd_sender_restrictions = reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_sender_login_mismatch
smtpd_sender_login_maps = $virtual_mailbox_maps
biff = no
# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no
# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h
readme_directory = no
# TLS parameters
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_use_tls=yes
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom
smtpd_tls_ask_ccert = yes
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/crypto/mail.example.net.chained.crt
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/crypto/mail.example.net.key
smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
smtpd_tls_ciphers = high
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_security_level = encrypt
smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
# See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for
# information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.
myhostname = example.net
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
#mydestination = $mydomain, raspberrysyncserver, localhost.localdomain, localhost
mydestination = raspberrysyncserver, localhost.localdomain, localhost
relayhost =
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 192.168.2.0/24 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = ipv4
#relay_domains = example.net
unknown_address_reject_code = 550
unknown_hostname_reject_code = 550
unknown_client_reject_code = 550
canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/canonical
home_mailbox = Maildir/
message_size_limit = 104857600
virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual
virtual_mailbox_domains = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual-mailbox-domains
virtual_mailbox_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual-mailbox-users
virtual_transport = dovecot
dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1
default_destination_concurrency_limit = 5
disable_vrfy_command = yes
relay_destination_concurrency_limit = 1
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes
#smtp_tls_security_level = encrypt
smtp_dns_support_level = dnssec
smtp_tls_security_level = dane
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unknown_client_hostname, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_unauth_destination, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender
milter_default_action = accept
milter_connect_macros = j {daemon_name} v {if_name} _
non_smtpd_milters = $smtpd_milters
#smtpd_milters = unix:/spamassassin/spamd.sock unix:/clamav/clamav-milter.ctl unix:/opendkim/opendkim.sock
smtpd_milters = unix:/clamav/clamav-milter.ctl unix:/opendkim/opendkim.sock
后缀：master.cf
#
# Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master").
#
# Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args
# (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
smtp inet n - - - - smtpd
#smtp inet n - - - 1 postscreen
#smtpd pass - - - - - smtpd
#dnsblog unix - - - - 0 dnsblog
#tlsproxy unix - - - - 0 tlsproxy
submission inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
# -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#smtps inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
# -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628 inet n - - - - qmqpd
pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup
qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce
defer unix - - - - 0 bounce
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - - - - smtp
relay unix - - - - - smtp
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq unix n - - - - showq
error unix - - - - - error
retry unix - - - - - error
discard unix - - - - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry.
#
# Specify in cyrus.conf:
# lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4
#
# Specify in main.cf one or more of the following:
# mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
# virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux)
# Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
#cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
# Old example of delivery via Cyrus.
#
#old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}
dovecot unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver
-f ${sender} -d $(recipient)
mail.log（片段）
May 3 16:29:09 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[30395]: Trusted TLS connection established from MyComputer[192.168.2.150]: TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)
May 3 16:29:11 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[30395]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from MyComputer[192.168.2.150]: 554 5.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<[192.168.2.150]>
May 3 16:29:13 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[30395]: disconnect from MyComputer[192.168.2.150]
答案1
拒绝是由 引起的smtpd_recipient_restrictions。删除reject_unauth_destination应该smtpd_recipient_restrictions可以解决问题。
已经放进reject_unauth_destination去了smtpd_relay_restrictions，不用再放进去smtpd_recipient_restrictions。
答案2
这是日志的揭露部分。引出了 masegaloeh 的答案。
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: >>> START Recipient address RESTRICTIONS <<<
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_client_hostname
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unknown_client: mycomputer 192.168.2.150
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_client_hostname status=0
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_sender_domain
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unknown_address: [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: ctable_locate: leave existing entry key [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_sender_domain status=0
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_recipient_domain
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unknown_address: [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: ctable_locate: move existing entry key [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unknown_mailhost: web.de
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: lookup web.de type MX flags 0
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: dns_query: web.de (MX): OK
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: dns_get_answer: type MX for web.de
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: dns_get_answer: type MX for web.de
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_recipient_domain status=0
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unauth_pipelining
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unauth_pipelining: RCPT
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unauth_pipelining status=0
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unauth_destination
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: reject_unauth_destination: [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: permit_auth_destination: [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: ctable_locate: leave existing entry key [email protected]
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from mycomputer[192.168.2.150]: 554 5.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<[192.168.2.150]>
May 3 17:26:04 raspberrysyncserver postfix/smtpd[31303]: generic_checks: name=reject_unauth_destination status=2