我使用 port25.com 电子邮件验证工具发送了一封测试电子邮件，并得到了以下完整结果。有人能告诉我缺少了什么以及 SPF 失败的原因吗？
非常感谢！
-sul。
This message is an automatic response from Port25's authentication verifier service at verifier.port25.com. The service allows email senders to perform a simple check of various sender authentication mechanisms. It is provided free of charge, in the hope that it is useful to the email community. While it is not officially supported, we welcome any feedback you may have at <[email protected]>.
Thank you for using the verifier,
The Port25 Solutions, Inc. team
==========================================================
Summary of Results
==========================================================
SPF check: fail
DomainKeys check: neutral
DKIM check: neutral
Sender-ID check: fail
DKIM check: none
SpamAssassin check: ham
==========================================================
Details:
==========================================================
HELO hostname: smtp4.fiu.edu
Source IP: 131.94.79.14
mail-from: [email protected]
----------------------------------------------------------
SPF check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result: fail (not permitted)
ID(s) verified: [email protected]
DNS record(s):
thewolf.fiu.edu. SPF (no records)
thewolf.fiu.edu. 3600 IN TXT "v=spf1 include:spf.protection.outlook.com -all"
spf.protection.outlook.com. SPF (no records)
spf.protection.outlook.com. 428 IN TXT "v=spf1 ip4:207.46.101.128/26 ip4:207.46.108.0/25 ip4:207.46.100.0/24 ip4:207.46.163.0/24 ip4:65.55.169.0/24 ip4:157.55.133.0/25 ip4:157.56.110.0/23 ip4:157.55.234.0/24 ip4:213.199.154.0/24 ip4:213.199.180.0/24 include:spfa.protection.outlook.com -all"
spfa.protection.outlook.com. SPF (no records)
spfa.protection.outlook.com. 318 IN TXT "v=spf1 ip4:157.56.120.0/25 ip4:157.56.116.0/25 ip4:157.56.112.0/24 ip4:134.170.140.0/24 ip4:134.170.132.0/24 ip4:207.46.51.64/26 ip4:157.55.158.0/23 ip4:157.56.87.192/26 ip4:64.4.22.64/26 include:spfb.protection.outlook.com -all"
spfb.protection.outlook.com. SPF (no records)
spfb.protection.outlook.com. 569 IN TXT "v=spf1 ip6:2a01:111:f400::/48 ip4:23.103.128.0/19 ip4:23.103.198.0/23 ip4:65.55.88.0/24 ip4:104.47.0.0/17 ip4:23.103.200.0/21 ip4:23.103.208.0/21 ip4:23.103.191.0/24 ip4:216.32.181.0/24 -all"
----------------------------------------------------------
DomainKeys check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result: neutral (message not signed)
ID(s) verified: [email protected]
DNS record(s):
----------------------------------------------------------
DKIM check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result: neutral (message not signed)
ID(s) verified:
NOTE: DKIM checking has been performed based on the latest DKIM specs (RFC 4871 or draft-ietf-dkim-base-10) and verification may fail for older versions. If you are using Port25's PowerMTA, you need to use version 3.2r11 or later to get a compatible version of DKIM.
----------------------------------------------------------
Sender-ID check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result: fail (not permitted)
ID(s) verified: [email protected]
DNS record(s):
thewolf.fiu.edu. SPF (no records)
thewolf.fiu.edu. 3600 IN TXT "v=spf1 include:spf.protection.outlook.com -all"
spf.protection.outlook.com. SPF (no records)
spf.protection.outlook.com. 428 IN TXT "v=spf1 ip4:207.46.101.128/26 ip4:207.46.108.0/25 ip4:207.46.100.0/24 ip4:207.46.163.0/24 ip4:65.55.169.0/24 ip4:157.55.133.0/25 ip4:157.56.110.0/23 ip4:157.55.234.0/24 ip4:213.199.154.0/24 ip4:213.199.180.0/24 include:spfa.protection.outlook.com -all"
spfa.protection.outlook.com. SPF (no records)
spfa.protection.outlook.com. 318 IN TXT "v=spf1 ip4:157.56.120.0/25 ip4:157.56.116.0/25 ip4:157.56.112.0/24 ip4:134.170.140.0/24 ip4:134.170.132.0/24 ip4:207.46.51.64/26 ip4:157.55.158.0/23 ip4:157.56.87.192/26 ip4:64.4.22.64/26 include:spfb.protection.outlook.com -all"
spfb.protection.outlook.com. SPF (no records)
spfb.protection.outlook.com. 569 IN TXT "v=spf1 ip6:2a01:111:f400::/48 ip4:23.103.128.0/19 ip4:23.103.198.0/23 ip4:65.55.88.0/24 ip4:104.47.0.0/17 ip4:23.103.200.0/21 ip4:23.103.208.0/21 ip4:23.103.191.0/24 ip4:216.32.181.0/24 -all"
----------------------------------------------------------
DKIM check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
Result: none (message not signed)
ID(s) verified: header.d=none;
NOTE: DKIM checking has been performed based on the latest DKIM specs (RFC 4871 or draft-ietf-dkim-base-10) and verification may fail for older versions. If you are using Port25's PowerMTA, you need to use version 3.2r11 or later to get a compatible version of DKIM.
----------------------------------------------------------
SpamAssassin check details:
----------------------------------------------------------
SpamAssassin v3.4.0 (2014-02-07)
Result: ham (-1.1 points, 5.0 required)
pts rule name description
---- ---------------------- --------------------------------------------------
-0.0 T_RP_MATCHES_RCVD Envelope sender domain matches handover relay
domain
0.0 SPF_FAIL SPF: sender does not match SPF record (fail)
[SPF failed: Please see https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.openspf.net_Why-3Fs-3Dmfrom-3Bid-3Dprvs-253D956918cfdd-253Dvolunteer-2540thewolf.fiu.edu-3Bip-3D131.94.79.14-3Br-3Dverifier.port25.com&d=AwIBAg&c=1QsCMERiq7JOmEnKpsSyjg&r=B3cGUFbtTm6kAXa577pfH-IzxFwv8TPRixkn15i-XJY&m=TRoiKJpKfbcuDTpQ3Yv8LEewM5hqAQAoPp5Yv5I51h4&s=qkneHL-pZ43fMAx0FXiXqNS1zWHCpaKi1Idxpm7TLxw&e= ]
-1.9 BAYES_00 BODY: Bayes spam probability is 0 to 1%
[score: 0.0001]
0.0 HTML_MESSAGE BODY: HTML included in message
0.8 MPART_ALT_DIFF BODY: HTML and text parts are different
0.0 TVD_SPACE_RATIO No description available.
==========================================================
Explanation of the possible results (from RFC 5451) ==========================================================
SPF and Sender-ID Results
=========================
"none"
No policy records were published at the sender's DNS domain.
"neutral"
The sender's ADMD has asserted that it cannot or does not
want to assert whether or not the sending IP address is authorized
to send mail using the sender's DNS domain.
"pass"
The client is authorized by the sender's ADMD to inject or
relay mail on behalf of the sender's DNS domain.
"policy"
The client is authorized to inject or relay mail on behalf
of the sender's DNS domain according to the authentication
method's algorithm, but local policy dictates that the result is
unacceptable.
"fail"
This client is explicitly not authorized to inject or
relay mail using the sender's DNS domain.
"softfail"
The sender's ADMD believes the client was not authorized
to inject or relay mail using the sender's DNS domain, but is
unwilling to make a strong assertion to that effect.
"temperror"
The message could not be verified due to some error that
is likely transient in nature, such as a temporary inability to
retrieve a policy record from DNS. A later attempt may produce a
final result.
"permerror"
The message could not be verified due to some error that
is unrecoverable, such as a required header field being absent or
a syntax error in a retrieved DNS TXT record. A later attempt is
unlikely to produce a final result.
DKIM and DomainKeys Results
===========================
"none"
The message was not signed.
"pass"
The message was signed, the signature or signatures were
acceptable to the verifier, and the signature(s) passed
verification tests.
"fail"
The message was signed and the signature or signatures were
acceptable to the verifier, but they failed the verification
test(s).
"policy"
The message was signed but the signature or signatures were
not acceptable to the verifier.
"neutral"
The message was signed but the signature or signatures
contained syntax errors or were not otherwise able to be
processed. This result SHOULD also be used for other
failures not covered elsewhere in this list.
"temperror"
The message could not be verified due to some error that
is likely transient in nature, such as a temporary inability
to retrieve a public key. A later attempt may produce a
final result.
"permerror"
The message could not be verified due to some error that
is unrecoverable, such as a required header field being
absent. A later attempt is unlikely to produce a final result.
==========================================================
Original Email
==========================================================
Return-Path: <[email protected]>
Received: from smtp4.fiu.edu (131.94.79.14) by verifier.port25.com id h9f3ca20i3gh for <[email protected]>; Thu, 7 May 2015 16:10:45 -0400 (envelope-from <[email protected]>)
Authentication-Results: verifier.port25.com; spf=fail (not permitted) [email protected]
Authentication-Results: verifier.port25.com; domainkeys=neutral (message not signed) [email protected]
Authentication-Results: verifier.port25.com; dkim=neutral (message not signed)
Authentication-Results: verifier.port25.com; sender-id=fail (not permitted) [email protected]
Received: from pps.filterd (smtp4.fiu.edu [127.0.0.1])
by smtp4.fiu.edu (8.14.5/8.14.5) with SMTP id t47K1oJT026934
for <[email protected]>; Thu, 7 May 2015 16:10:43 -0400
Received: from fiumailsmtp.fiu.edu (dithub02.ad.fiu.edu [131.94.72.23])
by smtp4.fiu.edu with ESMTP id 1u8ctpj502-1
for <[email protected]>; Thu, 07 May 2015 16:10:43 -0400
Received: from na01-bn1-obe.outbound.protection.outlook.com (207.46.163.187) by fiu.edu (192.168.251.14) with Microsoft SMTP Server (TLS) id 14.3.123.3; Thu, 7 May 2015 16:10:43 -0400
Received: from BN1PR05MB391.namprd05.prod.outlook.com (10.141.60.153) by BN1PR05MB389.namprd05.prod.outlook.com (10.141.60.142) with Microsoft SMTP Server (TLS) id 15.1.154.19; Thu, 7 May 2015 20:10:41 +0000
Received: from BN1PR05MB391.namprd05.prod.outlook.com ([169.254.16.123]) by BN1PR05MB391.namprd05.prod.outlook.com ([169.254.16.123]) with mapi id 15.01.0148.019; Thu, 7 May 2015 20:10:41 +0000
From: Wolfsonian Volunteer Staff <[email protected]>
To: "[email protected]" <[email protected]>
Subject: Testing Email
Thread-Topic: Testing Email
Thread-Index: AQHQiQHk6bF4oIqMzE+Ui0lky4WTGA==
Date: Thu, 7 May 2015 20:10:41 +0000
Message-ID: <[email protected]>
Accept-Language: en-US
Content-Language: en-US
X-MS-Has-Attach:
X-MS-TNEF-Correlator:
authentication-results: verifier.port25.com; dkim=none (message not signed) header.d=none;
x-originating-ip: [131.94.187.17]
x-microsoft-antispam: UriScan:;BCL:0;PCL:0;RULEID:;SRVR:BN1PR05MB389;
x-microsoft-antispam-prvs: <BN1PR05MB389C10D8211381209873E92F7DF0@BN1PR05MB389.namprd05.prod.outlook.com>
x-exchange-antispam-report-test: UriScan:;
x-exchange-antispam-report-cfa-test: BCL:0;PCL:0;RULEID:(601004)(5005006)(3002001);SRVR:BN1PR05MB389;BCL:0;PCL:0;RULEID:;SRVR:BN1PR05MB389;
x-forefront-prvs: 056929CBB8
x-forefront-antispam-report: SFV:NSPM;SFS:(10009020)(6009001)(551214005)(50986999)(122556002)(5001960100002)(107886002)(2656002)(110136002)(40100003)(558084003)(62966003)(75432002)(54356999)(189998001)(87936001)(92566002)(2900100001)(450100001)(102836002)(106116001)(19625215002)(88552001)(16236675004)(46102003)(2501003)(66066001)(2351001)(86362001)(229853001)(19627405001)(77156002)(117636001)(89122001)(99286002)(221733001);DIR:OUT;SFP:1101;SCL:1;SRVR:BN1PR05MB389;H:BN1PR05MB391.namprd05.prod.outlook.com;FPR:;SPF:None;MLV:sfv;LANG:en;
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
boundary="_000_143102944106695255thewolffiuedu_"
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-originalarrivaltime: 07 May 2015 20:10:41.4014
(UTC)
X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-fromentityheader: Hosted
X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-id: ac79e5a8-e0e4-434b-a292-2c89b5c28366
X-MS-Exchange-Transport-CrossTenantHeadersStamped: BN1PR05MB389
X-OriginatorOrg: thewolf.fiu.edu
X-Proofpoint-Virus-Version: vendor=fsecure engine=2.50.10432:5.14.151,1.0.33,0.0.0000
definitions=2015-05-07_06:2015-05-07,2015-05-07,1970-01-01 signatures=0
x-Proofpoint-Spam-Details: rule=outbound_notspam policy=outbound score=0 classifier= adjust=0 reason=safe scancount=1 engine=7.0.1-1402240000
definitions=main-1505070247
--_000_143102944106695255thewolffiuedu_
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
?Test.
--_000_143102944106695255thewolffiuedu_
Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=3D"Content-Type" content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-= 1"> <style type=3D"text/css" style=3D"display:none;"><!-- P {margin-top:0;margi= n-bottom:0;} --></style> </head> <body dir=3D"ltr"> <div id=3D"divtagdefaultwrapper" style=3D"font-size:12pt;color:#000000;back=
ground-color:#FFFFFF;font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<p>​Test.<br>
</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
--_000_143102944106695255thewolffiuedu_--
答案1
您的电子邮件已通过 smtp4.fiu.edu (131.94.79.14) 发送到互联网。但是，作为授权发件人，此名称和 IP 地址均不在您的 SPF 记录中。
SPF 记录仅显示 Office 365 是 thewolf.fiu.edu 的授权发件人。其他主机均无权发送邮件，因此此操作失败。
由于您是通过其他邮件服务器发送邮件，因此您应该将其 IP 地址添加到您的 SPF 记录中。或者，您可以更改自己的邮件服务器以通过 Office 365 重定向外发邮件。
答案2
131.94.79.14该邮件由（ ）送达smtp4.fiu.edu。
记录SPF显示v=spf1 include:spf.protection.outlook.com -all。
131.94.79.14似乎不是列出的地址spf.protection.outlook.com（并且相关名称smtp4.fiu.edu表明它与 Microsoft 的邮件服务无关）。
看起来，错误在于邮件是131.94.79.14通过 Outlook.com 的服务器发送的，而实际上它应该通过 Outlook.com 的服务器发送，或者错误在于记录SPF只允许与 Outlook.com 关联的服务器传递邮件，而实际上至少还有一台其他服务器应该被允许为该域传递邮件。