我有全新安装的 OpenStack Kilo。
当我尝试从仪表板或 nova cli 创建快照时，快照并未被创建。
本地快照成功结束，但是当尝试将图像上传到 Glance 时，nova 收到“HTTP 400：图像的磁盘格式‘无’无效”错误。
完整日志在最后。
问题是：为什么会出现此错误？我该如何解决？
更新：经过一些测试，我发现 Nova 使用 Glance API v1 来上传图像。nova 发出的请求是对的并且两者都container_format被bare_format发送。请求也符合Glance v1 API 规范。但是，有些地方出了问题，正如我们在以下 Glance API curl 命令中看到的那样：
curl -i -X PUT -H 'X-Auth-Token: MY_TOKEN_HERE' \
-H 'x-image-meta-property-image_state: available' \
-H 'x-image-meta-name: rarytest2-snapshot' -H 'x-image-meta-container_format: bare' \
-H 'User-Agent: python-glanceclient' -H 'X-User-Id: e45cf65e7ae94cd5aa86341c87308657' \
-H 'x-image-meta-property-image_location: snapshot' -H 'Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate' \
-H 'x-glance-registry-purge-props: false' -H 'x-image-meta-property-ramdisk_id: ' \
-H 'Connection: keep-alive' -H 'x-image-meta-property-kernel_id: ' \
-H 'X-Service-Catalog: []' \
-H 'x-image-meta-property-owner_id: 2dd6aa6ee0554c0ea5afce27dc63ff3a' \
-H 'Accept: */*' -H 'X-Roles: _member_,admin' -H 'x-image-meta-size: 1549991936' \
-H 'X-Tenant-Id: 2dd6aa6ee0554c0ea5afce27dc63ff3a' -H 'x-image-meta-is_public: False' \
-H 'X-Identity-Status: Confirmed' -H 'Content-Type: application/octet-stream' \
-H 'x-image-meta-disk_format: qcow2' \
http://MY_IP_HERE:9292/v1/images/3b3cdac1-d76c-48f2-8150-0977d8720684
预期的行为是更新disk_format到 qcow2 和container_formatbare。然而，这并没有发生。
x-image-meta-disk_format由于某些奇怪的原因，如果将和标题更改x-image-meta-container_format为x-image-meta-disk-format和x-image-meta-container-format（即用连字符更改下划线）它就可以起作用！
完整日志：
2015-05-24 17:50:46.229 2400 INFO nova.compute.manager [req-b6489814-f538-4773-a15d-c1224b5583b7 e45cf65e7ae94cd5aa86341c87308657 2dd6aa6ee0554c0ea5afce27dc63ff3a - - -] [instance: 00652f00-5a32-44ad-8ad6-ac33610236ac] instance snapshotting
[...]
2015-05-24 17:50:58.670 2400 INFO nova.virt.libvirt.driver [req-b6489814-f538-4773-a15d-c1224b5583b7 e45cf65e7ae94cd5aa86341c87308657 2dd6aa6ee0554c0ea5afce27dc63ff3a - - -] [instance: 00652f00-5a32-44ad-8ad6-ac33610236ac] Snapshot extracted, beginning image upload
[...]
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 ERROR oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher [req-b6489814-f538-4773-a15d-c1224b5583b7 e45cf65e7ae94cd5aa86341c87308657 2dd6aa6ee0554c0ea5afce27dc63ff3a - - -] Exception during message handling: <html>
<head>
<title>400 Bad Request</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>400 Bad Request</h1>
Invalid disk format 'None' for image.<br /><br />
</body>
</html> (HTTP 400)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher Traceback (most recent call last):
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/oslo_messaging/rpc/dispatcher.py", line 142, in _dispatch_and_reply
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher executor_callback))
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/oslo_messaging/rpc/dispatcher.py", line 186, in _dispatch
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher executor_callback)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/oslo_messaging/rpc/dispatcher.py", line 130, in _do_dispatch
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher result = func(ctxt, **new_args)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 6791, in snapshot_instance
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher return self.manager.snapshot_instance(ctxt, image_id, instance)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/exception.py", line 88, in wrapped
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher payload)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 85, in __exit__
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher six.reraise(self.type_, self.value, self.tb)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/exception.py", line 71, in wrapped
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher return f(self, context, *args, **kw)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 327, in decorated_function
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher LOG.warning(msg, e, instance_uuid=instance_uuid)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 85, in __exit__
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher six.reraise(self.type_, self.value, self.tb)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 298, in decorated_function
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher return function(self, context, *args, **kwargs)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 355, in decorated_function
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher kwargs['instance'], e, sys.exc_info())
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 85, in __exit__
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher six.reraise(self.type_, self.value, self.tb)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 343, in decorated_function
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher return function(self, context, *args, **kwargs)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 403, in decorated_function
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher instance=instance)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 85, in __exit__
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher six.reraise(self.type_, self.value, self.tb)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 393, in decorated_function
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher *args, **kwargs)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 3227, in snapshot_instance
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher task_states.IMAGE_SNAPSHOT)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 3257, in _snapshot_instance
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher update_task_state)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 1410, in snapshot
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher image_file)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/image/api.py", line 130, in update
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher purge_props=purge_props)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/image/glance.py", line 398, in update
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher _reraise_translated_image_exception(image_id)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/image/glance.py", line 396, in update
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher image_id, **image_meta)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/image/glance.py", line 219, in call
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher return getattr(client.images, method)(*args, **kwargs)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/glanceclient/v1/images.py", line 329, in update
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher resp, body = self.client.put(url, headers=hdrs, data=image_data)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/glanceclient/common/http.py", line 265, in put
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher return self._request('PUT', url, **kwargs)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/glanceclient/common/http.py", line 227, in _request
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher raise exc.from_response(resp, resp.content)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher Invalid: <html>
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher <head>
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher <title>400 Bad Request</title>
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher </head>
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher <body>
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher <h1>400 Bad Request</h1>
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher Invalid disk format 'None' for image.<br /><br />
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher </body>
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher </html> (HTTP 400)
2015-05-24 17:51:01.251 2400 TRACE oslo_messaging.rpc.dispatcher
答案1
该问题是由于同时使用 Nginx 和 Glance API v1 而发生的。
简而言之，可以找到解释在 Stack Overflow 中的这个线程中。
Nginx 默认删除带下划线的标头。这样做是为了：
防止将标头映射到 CGI 变量时出现歧义
参考：Nginx - 陷阱 - 丢失（消失）的 HTTP 标头。
但是，Glance v1 API 中指定了带有下划线的标题。
我还发现带下划线的标题完全有效，并且符合 RFC 7230。
解决方案是在 nginx 配置文件中添加以下行：
underscores_in_headers on;