我在这里经营一些小型 ISP，拥有几个 IP 范围。
我向一些客户提供了一些公共 IP 地址，他们正在这些地址上运行邮件服务器。他们要求我PTR为他们的 IP 添加反向 DNS 条目 ()。
我的服务器上正在运行 Bind。我可以PTR在同一台服务器/同一文件中添加多条记录吗？
我拥有的 IP 范围：192.168.10.0/24
Customer A: 192.168.10.103
Customer B: 192.168.10.199
Customer C: 192.168.10.169
Customer D: 192.168.10.69
谢谢。
答案1
正如你所看到的这个 TLDP 示例您可以PTR在同一区域中拥有多个记录。
$TTL 3D
@ IN SOA yourdomain.com. root.yourdomain.com. (
199609206 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
7200 ; Retry
604800 ; Expire
86400) ; Minimum TTL
NS ns1.yourdomain.com.
NS ns2.yourdomain.net.
;
; Servers
;
1 PTR router.yourdomain.com.
2 PTR server.yourdomain.com.
;
; Customers
;
69 PTR mail.customerD.com.
103 PTR mail.customerA.com.
169 PTR mail.customerC.com.
199 PTR mail.customerB.com.
将您分配的所有 IP 放入反向文件中以避免重复是一个好主意。
工作示例
我觉得这很好：
$ dig -x 103.249.240.224
; <<>> DiG 9.9.5-3ubuntu0.4-Ubuntu <<>> -x 103.249.240.224
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 8551
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;224.240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR
;; ANSWER SECTION:
224.240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. 1685 IN PTR mk.localhost-server.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
mk.localhost-server.com. 21526 IN A 103.249.240.224
;; Query time: 2 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.1.1#53(127.0.1.1)
;; WHEN: Wed Aug 19 09:53:51 PDT 2015
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 99
$ dig mk.localhost-server.com
; <<>> DiG 9.9.5-3ubuntu0.4-Ubuntu <<>> mk.localhost-server.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 61167
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;mk.localhost-server.com. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
mk.localhost-server.com. 21520 IN A 103.249.240.224
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.1.1#53(127.0.1.1)
;; WHEN: Wed Aug 19 09:53:56 PDT 2015
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 57
chicks@silver 09:53:56 ~ !515 $
现在它坏了
确认损坏：
$ dig -x 103.249.240.224
; <<>> DiG 9.9.5-3ubuntu0.3-Ubuntu <<>> -x 103.249.240.224
;; global options: +cmd
;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached
从http://mxtoolbox.com/SuperTool.aspx?action=ptr%3a103.249.240.224&run=toolpage：
PWS3v2 11784ms
0 c.in-addr-servers.arpa 196.216.169.10 NON-AUTH 296 ms Received 6 Referrals , rcode=NO_ERROR 103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns1.apnic.net,103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns2.lacnic.net,103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns3.apnic.net,103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns4.apnic.net,103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS sec1.authdns.ripe.net,103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS tinnie.arin.net,
1 ns4.apnic.net 202.12.31.140 NON-AUTH 187 ms Received 4 Referrals , rcode=NO_ERROR 240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns2.gazonindia.com,240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns4.gazonindia.com,240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns3.gazonindia.com,240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns1.gazonindia.com,
2 ns4.gazonindia.com 103.249.240.10 NON-AUTH 187 ms Timeout after 3 sec, rcode=NO_ERROR
2 ns1.gazonindia.com 103.249.240.8 NON-AUTH 187 ms Timeout after 3 sec, rcode=NO_ERROR
2 ns3.gazonindia.com 103.249.240.9 NON-AUTH 187 ms Timeout after 3 sec, rcode=NO_ERROR
2 ns2.gazonindia.com NON-AUTH 187 ms Timeout resolving IP, rcode=NO_ERROR
看起来 Gazon 的服务器没有响应。因此，让我们通过以下方式找出可以联系的人whois：
$ whois 103.249.240.224
% [whois.apnic.net]
% Whois data copyright terms http://www.apnic.net/db/dbcopyright.html
% Information related to '103.249.240.0 - 103.249.243.255'
inetnum: 103.249.240.0 - 103.249.243.255
netname: GAZON
descr: Gazon Communications India Limited
admin-c: KD220-AP
tech-c: SA683-AP
country: IN
mnt-by: MAINT-IN-IRINN
mnt-irt: IRT-IRINN-IN
status: ASSIGNED portable
changed: [email protected] 20130613
mnt-routes: MAINT-IN-GAZON
source: APNIC
irt: IRT-IRINN-IN
address: Flat no. 6B, Uppals M6 Plaza, 6 Jasola District Centre, New Delhi-110025
e-mail: [email protected]
abuse-mailbox: [email protected]
admin-c: IH175-AP
tech-c: IH174-AP
auth: # Filtered
mnt-by: MAINT-IN-IRINN
changed: [email protected] 20120907
source: APNIC
role: System Admin
address: Parason House, 28, Venkatesh Nagar, Aurangabad, Maharashtra
country: IN
phone: +91-9762055555
fax-no: +91-2402332944
e-mail: [email protected]
admin-c: KD220-AP
tech-c: KD220-AP
nic-hdl: SA683-AP
remarks: send spam and abuse report to [email protected]
notify: [email protected]
abuse-mailbox: [email protected]
mnt-by: MAINT-IN-PARASON
changed: [email protected] 20140801
source: APNIC
person: Kishor Desarda
address: Parason House, 28, Venkatesh Nagar, Aurangabad, Maharashtra
country: IN
phone: +91-9762055555
fax-no: +91-2402332944
e-mail: [email protected]
nic-hdl: KD220-AP
remarks: send spam and abuse report to [email protected]
notify: [email protected]
abuse-mailbox: [email protected]
mnt-by: MAINT-IN-PARASON
changed: [email protected] 20140801
source: APNIC
% Information related to '103.249.240.0/24AS132770'
route: 103.249.240.0/24
descr: Gazon Communications India Limited
origin: AS132770
country: IN
mnt-lower: MAINT-IN-IRINN
mnt-routes: MAINT-IN-IRINN
mnt-by: MAINT-IN-IRINN
changed: [email protected] 20130708
source: APNIC
% Information related to '103.249.240.0 - 103.249.243.255'
inetnum: 103.249.240.0 - 103.249.243.255
netname: GAZON
descr: Gazon Communications India Limited
admin-c: KD1-IN
tech-c: MN8-IN
country: IN
mnt-by: MAINT-IN-GAZON
mnt-irt: IRT-GAZON-IN
status: ASSIGNED portable
changed: [email protected]
source: APNIC
irt: IRT-GAZON-IN
address: Pune
phone: +91 02065101230
fax-no: +91 2402332944
e-mail: [email protected]
abuse-mailbox: [email protected]
admin-c: KD1-IN
tech-c: MN8-IN
auth: CRYPT-PW yx9RQZOlthZT6
remarks: send spam and abuse report to [email protected]
mnt-by: MAINT-IN-GAZON
changed: [email protected] 20130613
source: IRINN
role: Manager NOC
address: Pune
country: IN
phone: +91 02065101230
fax-no: +91 2402332944
e-mail: [email protected]
admin-c: KD1-IN
tech-c: KD1-IN
nic-hdl: MN8-IN
remarks: send spam and abuse report to [email protected]
notify: [email protected]
abuse-mailbox: [email protected]
mnt-by: MAINT-IN-GAZON
changed: [email protected] 20130613
source: IRINN
person: Kishor Desarda
address: Parason House, 28, Venkatesh Nagar, Jalna Road
country: IN
phone: +91 02065101230
fax-no: +91 2402332944
e-mail: [email protected]
nic-hdl: KD1-IN
remarks: send spam and abuse report to [email protected]
notify: [email protected]
abuse-mailbox: [email protected]
mnt-by: MAINT-IN-GAZON
changed: [email protected] 20130613
source: IRINN
% Information related to '103.249.240.0/24AS132770'
route: 103.249.240.0/24
descr: Gazon Communications India Limited
country: IN
origin: AS132770
remarks: [email protected]
notify: [email protected]
mnt-lower: MAINT-IN-GAZON
mnt-routes: MAINT-IN-GAZON
mnt-by: MAINT-IN-GAZON
changed: [email protected] 20130625
source: IRINN
% This query was served by the APNIC Whois Service version 1.69.1-APNICv1r0 (UNDEFINED)
答案2
是的，你不仅能PTR如果您的 IP 网络是，并且192.168.10.0/24因此有一个反向区域，那么10.168.192.in-addr.arpa您实际上没有合理的替代解决方案。
值得注意的是，反向区域唯一直接相关的是IP 网络区域中的指针记录可以引用任意数量区域中的名称（无论哪些名称是这些 IP 地址的规范名称）。
有一种常见的误解，认为反向区域与“正向”区域是配对的。
这完全不是事实，我只能猜测这种想法来自于文档和指南通常只展示一个示例，而不详细说明目的或两者之间的关系，或者更确切地说，这两个示例之间没有关系。