我在一台机器上运行了几个项目，下面是所有信息。
关于 nginx 配置，如果PHP项目使用 fastcgi 缓存，Node.js项目使用proxy_pass，以及所有项目使用gzip。
我是服务器维护新手，我的问题是所有项目都在运行测试，例如http://www.webpagetest.org/ 第一个字节的时间太长了，我已经搜索了几个星期，但还是找不到原因？我想知道这些结果是不是这台机器的瓶颈？还是我错过了什么？任何建议都值得赞赏！！
domain1.com - 690 ms First Byte Time, 6 ms Target First Byte Time
sub.domain2.com - 509 ms First Byte Time, 6 ms Target First Byte Time
domain4.com -1772 ms First Byte Time, 9 ms Target First Byte Time
背景信息
linode
1 GB RAM
1 CPU Core
24 GB SSD Storage
2 TB Transfer
40 Gbps Network In
125 Mbps Network Out
nginx
PHP
Node.js
PostgreSQL
nginx 配置
server {
listen 80;
server_name domain1.com www.domain1.com;
access_log /var/log/nginx/domain1.com.access.log;
root /var/www/html/domain1.com;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
client_max_body_size 1G;
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 32k;
fastcgi_buffers 8 32k;
# cache
fastcgi_cache domain1.com;
fastcgi_cache_valid 200 60m;
fastcgi_cache_methods GET HEAD;
fastcgi_cache_key $scheme$request_method$host$request_uri;
fastcgi_ignore_headers Cache-Control Expires Set-Cookie;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name sub.domain1.com www.sub.domain1.com;
access_log /var/log/nginx/sub.domain1.com.access.log;
root /var/www/html/sub.domain1.com;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
client_max_body_size 1G;
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 32k;
fastcgi_buffers 8 32k;
# cache
fastcgi_cache sub.domain1.com;
fastcgi_cache_valid 200 60m;
fastcgi_cache_methods GET HEAD;
fastcgi_cache_key $scheme$request_method$host$request_uri;
fastcgi_ignore_headers Cache-Control Expires Set-Cookie;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name domain2 www.domain2;
access_log /var/log/nginx/domain2.access.log;
location / {
proxy_pass http://127.00.0.1:8001/;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name sub.domain2 www.sub.domain2;
access_log /var/log/nginx/sub.domain2.access.log;
location ~ ^/sitemap/(.*)$ {
root /var/www/html/sub.domain2/app/Sitemap/SitemapGz;
}
location /robots.txt {
alias /var/www/html/sub.domain2/app/robots.txt;
}
location ~ ^/(images/|javascripts/|stylesheets/|fonts) {
root /var/www/html/sub.domain2/app/assets;
access_log off;
expires max;
}
location / {
set $fixed_destination $http_destination;
if ( $http_destination ~* ^https(.*)$ )
{
set $fixed_destination http$1;
}
proxy_pass http://127.00.0.1:8002/;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header Destination $fixed_destination;
client_max_body_size 32M;
client_body_buffer_size 512k;
proxy_connect_timeout 300;
proxy_send_timeout 300;
proxy_read_timeout 300;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name domain3.io www.domain3.io;
access_log /var/log/nginx/domain3.io.access.log;
location / {
proxy_pass http://127.00.0.1:8003/;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name domain4.com www.domain4.com;
access_log /var/log/nginx/domain4.com.access.log;
root /var/www/html/domain4.com;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
client_max_body_size 1G;
location ~ ^/sitemap/(.*)$ {
root /var/www/html/domain4.com/app/Sitemap/SitemapGz;
}
location /robots.txt {
alias /var/www/html/domain4.com/app/robots.txt;
}
location ~ ^/(images/|javascripts/|stylesheets/|fonts) {
root /var/www/html/domain4.com/app/assets;
access_log off;
expires max;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 32k;
fastcgi_buffers 8 32k;
# cache
fastcgi_cache domain4.com;
fastcgi_cache_valid 200 60m;
fastcgi_cache_methods GET HEAD;
fastcgi_cache_key $scheme$request_method$host$request_uri;
fastcgi_ignore_headers Cache-Control Expires Set-Cookie;
}
}
免费-m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 987 721 266 3 19 124
-/+ buffers/cache: 577 409
Swap: 255 133 122
ps aux --sort -rss | head
（用户apache为nginx因为我之前在这台机器上安装了apache但是现在停止了服务）
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
apache 24505 5.2 13.1 372208 132552 ? R 06:33 1:26 php-fpm: pool www
apache 24502 4.8 12.5 366332 126748 ? R 06:33 1:20 php-fpm: pool www
root 15490 0.2 11.6 1036476 117820 ? Ssl Sep30 1:30 node /var/www/html/sub.domain4.com/app/app.js
root 11488 0.0 3.3 905404 34336 ? Ssl Sep15 16:21 PM2 v0.14.7: God Daemon
apache 24866 7.0 3.0 265504 30448 ? S 06:56 0:18 php-fpm: pool www
apache 25247 7.3 2.6 262260 26976 ? S 06:58 0:10 php-fpm: pool www
apache 25449 7.1 2.3 259408 24260 ? S 06:58 0:07 php-fpm: pool www
mongod 3584 0.9 1.9 653472 19588 ? Sl Sep07 317:26 /usr/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongod.conf
root 2637 0.1 1.0 431044 11096 ? Sl Sep07 56:31 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/bin/fail2ban-server -s /var/run/fail2ban/fail2ban.sock -p /var/run/fail2ban/fail2ban.pid -x -b
DF-H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda 24G 3.3G 20G 15% /
tmpfs 492M 108K 492M 1% /dev/shm
apache 已经停止
sudo lsof -nPi | grep ":80 (监听)"
nginx 15280 root 12u IPv4 91859687 0t0 TCP *:80 (LISTEN)
nginx 15282 nginx 12u IPv4 91859687 0t0 TCP *:80 (LISTEN)
服务 httpd 状态
httpd is stopped
更新
升级到 2GB RAM 2 个 CPU 核心后，当我 ping 域或使用http://www.webpagetest.org再次测试两者都更快，但报告中的数据Target First Byte Time变得更高，这是为什么？
免费-m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1991 744 1246 12 78 229
-/+ buffers/cache: 436 1554
Swap: 255 0 255
ps aux --sort -rss |头
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 2732 0.5 6.7 1069664 136836 ? Ssl 09:46 0:07 node /var/www/html/domain/app/app.js
mongod 2598 0.4 3.4 649400 69728 ? Sl 09:43 0:06 /usr/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongod.conf
root 2706 0.1 2.2 978924 45424 ? Ssl 09:45 0:02 PM2 v0.14.7: God Daemon
apache 5458 6.1 1.7 268540 35964 ? S 10:03 0:16 php-fpm: pool www
apache 5518 6.6 1.7 267752 35184 ? S 10:03 0:16 php-fpm: pool www
apache 5332 6.8 1.7 267604 35100 ? S 10:02 0:20 php-fpm: pool www
apache 5330 6.8 1.6 267420 34568 ? S 10:02 0:20 php-fpm: pool www
apache 5493 7.1 1.6 266028 33484 ? S 10:03 0:18 php-fpm: pool www
postgres 2557 0.3 0.9 324640 19812 ? S 09:43 0:04 /usr/pgsql-9.4/bin/postmaster -D /var/lib/pgsql/9.4/data
DF-H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda 24G 2.3G 21G 10% /
tmpfs 994M 108K 994M 1% /dev/shm
domain1.com - 108 ms First Byte Time, 108 ms Target First Byte Time
sub.domain2.com - 514 ms First Byte Time, Target First Byte Time
domain4.com -124 ms First Byte Time, 114 ms Target First Byte Time
答案1
我要做的第一件事就是将服务器的 RAM 增加一倍。空闲的 RAM 非常少，这意味着只有很少的数据能够缓存在 RAM 中。这意味着几乎所有的磁盘读取都必须到达磁盘，这会减慢读取和写入的速度。