☰

Apache 2.4 https 服务器在 Mac OS X 上给出连接拒绝错误

tag-icon • tag-icon apache-2.4 https connection-refused
Apache 2.4 https 服务器在 Mac OS X 上给出连接拒绝错误

我是 Apache 的新手，我在 OS X EI 上设置了我的 https 服务器，如下所示文章。但我总是收到拒绝连接错误，请帮忙。

这是我的 httpd-ssl.conf 文件：

<VirtualHost *:443>
    #General setup for the virtual host
    DocumentRoot "/Users/kudocc/WebServer/private"
    ServerName local.example.com
    ErrorLog "/private/var/log/apache2/local.example.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "/private/var/log/apache2/local.example.com-access_log" common

    #SSL Engine Switch:
    SSLEngine on

    #Server Certificate:
    SSLCertificateFile "/private/etc/apache2/ssl/local.example.com.crt"

    #Server Private Key:
    SSLCertificateKeyFile "/private/etc/apache2/ssl/local.example.com.key"

    #SSL Engine Options:
    <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
    </FilesMatch>
    <Directory "/Library/WebServer/CGI-Executables">
        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
    </Directory> 
</VirtualHost>

命令httpd -S显示：

VirtualHost configuration:
*:443                  local.example.com (/private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-ssl.conf:293)
ServerRoot: "/usr"
Main DocumentRoot: "/Users/kudocc/WebServer/private"
Main ErrorLog: "/private/var/log/apache2/error_log"
Mutex ssl-cache: using_defaults
Mutex default: dir="/private/var/run/" mechanism=default 
Mutex mpm-accept: using_defaults
Mutex proxy-balancer-shm: using_defaults
Mutex ssl-stapling-refresh: using_defaults
Mutex ssl-stapling: using_defaults
Mutex proxy: using_defaults
PidFile: "/private/var/run/httpd.pid"
Define: DUMP_VHOSTS
Define: DUMP_RUN_CFG
User: name="_www" id=70 not_used
Group: name="_www" id=70 not_used

答案1

我觉得我把配置文件弄乱了。所以今天我恢复了这些文件。感谢这。

sudo cp /etc/apache2/original/httpd.conf /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
sudo cp /etc/apache2/original/extra/httpd-ssl.conf /etc/apache2/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
sudo cp /etc/apache2/original/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf /etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

然后我按照文章成功设置我的第一个 https 服务器。

我的httpd-vhosts.conf是：

<VirtualHost *:443>
    DocumentRoot "/Users/kudocc/Sites"
    ServerName localhost
    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile "/private/etc/apache2/server.crt"
    SSLCertificateKeyFile "/private/etc/apache2/server.key"
    <Directory "/">
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks Includes ExecCGI
        DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

此外我还修改了httpd-ssl.conf文件。

<VirtualHost _default_:443>

#   General setup for the virtual host
DocumentRoot "/Users/kudocc/Sites"
ServerName localhost:443
ServerAdmin [email protected]
ErrorLog "/private/var/log/apache2/error_log"
TransferLog "/private/var/log/apache2/access_log"

#   SSL Engine Switch:
#   Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host.
SSLEngine on

#   Server Certificate:
#   Point SSLCertificateFile at a PEM encoded certificate.  If
#   the certificate is encrypted, then you will be prompted for a
#   pass phrase.  Note that a kill -HUP will prompt again.  Keep
#   in mind that if you have both an RSA and a DSA certificate you
#   can configure both in parallel (to also allow the use of DSA
#   ciphers, etc.)
#   Some ECC cipher suites (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4492.txt)
#   require an ECC certificate which can also be configured in
#   parallel.
SSLCertificateFile "/private/etc/apache2/server.crt"
#SSLCertificateFile "/private/etc/apache2/server-dsa.crt"
#SSLCertificateFile "/private/etc/apache2/server-ecc.crt"

#   Server Private Key:
#   If the key is not combined with the certificate, use this
#   directive to point at the key file.  Keep in mind that if
#   you've both a RSA and a DSA private key you can configure
#   both in parallel (to also allow the use of DSA ciphers, etc.)
#   ECC keys, when in use, can also be configured in parallel
SSLCertificateKeyFile "/private/etc/apache2/server.key"
#SSLCertificateKeyFile "/private/etc/apache2/server-dsa.key"
#SSLCertificateKeyFile "/private/etc/apache2/server-ecc.key"

#   Server Certificate Chain:
#   Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the
#   concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the
#   certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively
#   the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile
#   when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server
#   certificate for convenience.
#SSLCertificateChainFile "/private/etc/apache2/server-ca.crt"

#   Certificate Authority (CA):
#   Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA
#   certificates for client authentication or alternatively one
#   huge file containing all of them (file must be PEM encoded)
#   Note: Inside SSLCACertificatePath you need hash symlinks
#         to point to the certificate files. Use the provided
#         Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes.
#SSLCACertificatePath "/private/etc/apache2/ssl.crt"
#SSLCACertificateFile "/private/etc/apache2/ssl.crt/ca-bundle.crt"

#   Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL):
#   Set the CA revocation path where to find CA CRLs for client
#   authentication or alternatively one huge file containing all
#   of them (file must be PEM encoded).
#   The CRL checking mode needs to be configured explicitly
#   through SSLCARevocationCheck (defaults to "none" otherwise).
#   Note: Inside SSLCARevocationPath you need hash symlinks
#         to point to the certificate files. Use the provided
#         Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes.
#SSLCARevocationPath "/private/etc/apache2/ssl.crl"
#SSLCARevocationFile "/private/etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ca-bundle.crl"
#SSLCARevocationCheck chain

#   Client Authentication (Type):
#   Client certificate verification type and depth.  Types are
#   none, optional, require and optional_no_ca.  Depth is a
#   number which specifies how deeply to verify the certificate
#   issuer chain before deciding the certificate is not valid.
#SSLVerifyClient require
#SSLVerifyDepth  10

#   TLS-SRP mutual authentication:
#   Enable TLS-SRP and set the path to the OpenSSL SRP verifier
#   file (containing login information for SRP user accounts). 
#   Requires OpenSSL 1.0.1 or newer. See the mod_ssl FAQ for
#   detailed instructions on creating this file. Example:
#   "openssl srp -srpvfile /private/etc/apache2/passwd.srpv -add username"
#SSLSRPVerifierFile "/private/etc/apache2/passwd.srpv"

#   Access Control:
#   With SSLRequire you can do per-directory access control based
#   on arbitrary complex boolean expressions containing server
#   variable checks and other lookup directives.  The syntax is a
#   mixture between C and Perl.  See the mod_ssl documentation
#   for more details.
#<Location />
#SSLRequire (    %{SSL_CIPHER} !~ m/^(EXP|NULL)/ \
#            and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_O} eq "Snake Oil, Ltd." \
#            and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_OU} in {"Staff", "CA", "Dev"} \
#            and %{TIME_WDAY} >= 1 and %{TIME_WDAY} <= 5 \
#            and %{TIME_HOUR} >= 8 and %{TIME_HOUR} <= 20       ) \
#           or %{REMOTE_ADDR} =~ m/^192\.76\.162\.[0-9]+$/
#</Location>

#   SSL Engine Options:
#   Set various options for the SSL engine.
#   o FakeBasicAuth:
#     Translate the client X.509 into a Basic Authorisation.  This means that
#     the standard Auth/DBMAuth methods can be used for access control.  The
#     user name is the `one line' version of the client's X.509 certificate.
#     Note that no password is obtained from the user. Every entry in the user
#     file needs this password: `xxj31ZMTZzkVA'.
#   o ExportCertData:
#     This exports two additional environment variables: SSL_CLIENT_CERT and
#     SSL_SERVER_CERT. These contain the PEM-encoded certificates of the
#     server (always existing) and the client (only existing when client
#     authentication is used). This can be used to import the certificates
#     into CGI scripts.
#   o StdEnvVars:
#     This exports the standard SSL/TLS related `SSL_*' environment variables.
#     Per default this exportation is switched off for performance reasons,
#     because the extraction step is an expensive operation and is usually
#     useless for serving static content. So one usually enables the
#     exportation for CGI and SSI requests only.
#   o StrictRequire:
#     This denies access when "SSLRequireSSL" or "SSLRequire" applied even
#     under a "Satisfy any" situation, i.e. when it applies access is denied
#     and no other module can change it.
#   o OptRenegotiate:
#     This enables optimized SSL connection renegotiation handling when SSL
#     directives are used in per-directory context. 
#SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth +ExportCertData +StrictRequire
<FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</FilesMatch>
<Directory "/Library/WebServer/CGI-Executables">
    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</Directory>

#   SSL Protocol Adjustments:
#   The safe and default but still SSL/TLS standard compliant shutdown
#   approach is that mod_ssl sends the close notify alert but doesn't wait for
#   the close notify alert from client. When you need a different shutdown
#   approach you can use one of the following variables:
#   o ssl-unclean-shutdown:
#     This forces an unclean shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. no
#     SSL close notify alert is sent or allowed to be received.  This violates
#     the SSL/TLS standard but is needed for some brain-dead browsers. Use
#     this when you receive I/O errors because of the standard approach where
#     mod_ssl sends the close notify alert.
#   o ssl-accurate-shutdown:
#     This forces an accurate shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. a
#     SSL close notify alert is send and mod_ssl waits for the close notify
#     alert of the client. This is 100% SSL/TLS standard compliant, but in
#     practice often causes hanging connections with brain-dead browsers. Use
#     this only for browsers where you know that their SSL implementation
#     works correctly. 
#   Notice: Most problems of broken clients are also related to the HTTP
#   keep-alive facility, so you usually additionally want to disable
#   keep-alive for those clients, too. Use variable "nokeepalive" for this.
#   Similarly, one has to force some clients to use HTTP/1.0 to workaround
#   their broken HTTP/1.1 implementation. Use variables "downgrade-1.0" and
#   "force-response-1.0" for this.
BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-5]" \
         nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
         downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0

#   Per-Server Logging:
#   The home of a custom SSL log file. Use this when you want a
#   compact non-error SSL logfile on a virtual host basis.
CustomLog "/private/var/log/apache2/ssl_request_log" \
          "%t %h %{SSL_PROTOCOL}x %{SSL_CIPHER}x \"%r\" %b"

</VirtualHost>

谢谢@serverliving.com，非常感谢。

答案2

造成此问题的原因是您的 Apache 服务器可能未设置为监听端口 443，因此当浏览器尝试通过 SSL 连接时会被拒绝。

httpd-vhosts.conf您的和两者中的 VirtualHost 配置都httpd-ssl.conf提供了 Apache 设置，说明如何处理通过端口 443 接收的请求，但由于 Apache 没有监听端口 443 上的请求，因此它永远不会接收要处理的请求。

要解决此问题，您必须配置 Apache 以监听端口 443 上的请求。只需添加

Listen 443

到您的httpd.conf或httpd-ssl.conf文件。重新启动 Apache，它现在应该可以工作了。

相关内容