我遇到了麻烦，似乎是非常部署 Django-Celery-RabbitMQ 项目的最后一步。
通过 systemd 运行 celery、httpd 和 rabbitmq-server 服务后，当我在 Django 中触发任务时，我会看到以下消息Received task: smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task
其中 smartalec 是我的应用程序，match_loadfile_task 是我的任务，该项目称为 tcida_api。
但大约 30 秒后，会出现一个巨大的堆栈跟踪，其开始如下（完整的调试日志，下面有异常）。
[2016-09-09 15:34:20,040: ERROR/MainProcess] Task smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task[740dc792-7410-4418-aa44-dd9c56b63b04] raised unexpected: DatabaseError(' <cx_Oracle._Error object at 0x3a3ed50>',)
使用 Google 搜索“Django Oracle Celery DatabaseError”会得到一些关于在单个连接上共享线程的查询，但我不确定这是否适用于我，因为我在 project.settings 中的数据库配置中有“threaded=TRUE”。
当我从命令行运行 celery 时，我得到了同样的结果。
sudo /opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/bin/celery -A my_django_project worker -l info
我没有安装 django celery，Django 可以毫无问题地进行数据库查询，通过 shell 和网页，配置在我的本地机器上使用 django 的开发服务器工作。
什么可能导致或解决此异常？
完整的 Celery DEBUG 日志，包括完整的堆栈跟踪。
[amartin@ip-10-50-7-148 tcida_api]$ sudo /opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/bin/celery -A tcida_api worker --concurrency 1 -l debug
/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/platforms.py:812: RuntimeWarning: You are running the worker with superuser privileges, which is absolutely not recommended!
Please specify a different user using the -u option.
User information: uid=0 euid=0 gid=0 egid=0
uid=uid, euid=euid, gid=gid, egid=egid,
[2016-09-09 16:14:22,995: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Preparing bootsteps.
[2016-09-09 16:14:22,997: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Building graph...
[2016-09-09 16:14:22,997: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: New boot order: {Timer, Hub, Queues (intra), Pool, Autoscaler, StateDB, Autoreloader, Beat, Consumer}
[2016-09-09 16:14:22,999: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Preparing bootsteps.
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,000: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Building graph...
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,003: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: New boot order: {Connection, Events, Mingle, Tasks, Control, Agent, Gossip, Heart, event loop}
-------------- [email protected] v3.1.23 (Cipater)
---- **** -----
--- * *** * -- Linux-3.10.0-229.11.1.el7.x86_64-x86_64-with-redhat-7.1-Maipo
-- * - **** ---
- ** ---------- [config]
- ** ---------- .> app: tcida_api:0x1a91850
- ** ---------- .> transport: amqp://guest:**@localhost:5672//
- ** ---------- .> results: disabled://
- *** --- * --- .> concurrency: 1 (prefork)
-- ******* ----
--- ***** ----- [queues]
-------------- .> celery exchange=celery(direct) key=celery
[tasks]
. celery.backend_cleanup
. celery.chain
. celery.chord
. celery.chord_unlock
. celery.chunks
. celery.group
. celery.map
. celery.starmap
. smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,005: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Starting Hub
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,005: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,005: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Starting Pool
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,029: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,030: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Starting Consumer
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,030: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Connection
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,038: DEBUG/MainProcess] Start from server, version: 0.9, properties: {u'information': u'Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/', u'product': u'RabbitMQ', u'copyright': u'Copyright (C) 2007-2013 GoPivotal, Inc.', u'capabilities': {u'exchange_exchange_bindings': True, u'consumer_cancel_notify': True, u'publisher_confirms': True, u'basic.nack': True}, u'platform': u'Erlang/OTP', u'version': u'3.1.5'}, mechanisms: [u'PLAIN', u'AMQPLAIN'], locales: [u'en_US']
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,039: DEBUG/MainProcess] Open OK!
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,039: INFO/MainProcess] Connected to amqp://guest:**@127.0.0.1:5672//
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,040: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,040: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Events
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,047: DEBUG/MainProcess] Start from server, version: 0.9, properties: {u'information': u'Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/', u'product': u'RabbitMQ', u'copyright': u'Copyright (C) 2007-2013 GoPivotal, Inc.', u'capabilities': {u'exchange_exchange_bindings': True, u'consumer_cancel_notify': True, u'publisher_confirms': True, u'basic.nack': True}, u'platform': u'Erlang/OTP', u'version': u'3.1.5'}, mechanisms: [u'PLAIN', u'AMQPLAIN'], locales: [u'en_US']
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,047: DEBUG/MainProcess] Open OK!
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,048: DEBUG/MainProcess] using channel_id: 1
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,048: DEBUG/MainProcess] Channel open
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,049: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,049: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Mingle
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,049: INFO/MainProcess] mingle: searching for neighbors
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,050: DEBUG/MainProcess] using channel_id: 1
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,050: DEBUG/MainProcess] Channel open
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,056: INFO/MainProcess] mingle: all alone
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,057: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,057: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Tasks
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,059: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,059: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Control
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,059: DEBUG/MainProcess] using channel_id: 2
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,060: DEBUG/MainProcess] Channel open
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,062: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,062: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Gossip
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,062: DEBUG/MainProcess] using channel_id: 3
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,063: DEBUG/MainProcess] Channel open
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,065: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,065: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Heart
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,066: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,066: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting event loop
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,067: WARNING/MainProcess] [email protected] ready.
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,067: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Hub.register Pool...
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,067: DEBUG/MainProcess] basic.qos: prefetch_count->4
[2016-09-09 16:14:31,300: INFO/MainProcess] Received task: smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task[51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6]
[2016-09-09 16:14:31,300: DEBUG/MainProcess] TaskPool: Apply <function _fast_trace_task at 0x1c50500> (args:(u'smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task', u'51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6', [1], {}, {u'utc': True, u'is_eager': False, u'chord': None, u'group': None, u'args': [1], u'retries': 0, u'delivery_info': {u'priority': 0, u'redelivered': False, u'routing_key': u'celery', u'exchange': u'celery'}, u'expires': None, u'hostname': '[email protected]', u'task': u'smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task', u'callbacks': None, u'correlation_id': u'51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6', u'errbacks': None, u'timelimit': [None, None], u'taskset': None, u'kwargs': {}, u'eta': None, u'reply_to': u'950dab7a-8608-37e0-991a-5e7c6dadbf4a', u'id': u'51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6', u'headers': {}}) kwargs:{})
[2016-09-09 16:14:31,310: DEBUG/MainProcess] Task accepted: smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task[51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6] pid:25239
[2016-09-09 16:15:26,475: ERROR/MainProcess] Task smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task[51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6] raised unexpected: DatabaseError('<cx_Oracle._Error object at 0x36c9d50>',)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/app/trace.py", line 240, in trace_task
R = retval = fun(*args, **kwargs)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/app/trace.py", line 438, in __protected_call__
return self.run(*args, **kwargs)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/smartalec/tasks.py", line 14, in match_loadfile_task
load_file = LoadFile.objects.get(pk=loadfile_pk)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 379, in get
num = len(clone)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 238, in __len__
self._fetch_all()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1087, in _fetch_all
self._result_cache = list(self.iterator())
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 54, in __iter__
results = compiler.execute_sql()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 824, in execute_sql
sql, params = self.as_sql()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/oracle/compiler.py", line 22, in as_sql
subquery=subquery,
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 376, in as_sql
where, w_params = self.compile(self.where) if self.where is not None else ("", [])
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 353, in compile
sql, params = node.as_sql(self, self.connection)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/where.py", line 79, in as_sql
sql, params = compiler.compile(child)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 353, in compile
sql, params = node.as_sql(self, self.connection)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/lookups.py", line 158, in as_sql
rhs_sql = self.get_rhs_op(connection, rhs_sql)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/lookups.py", line 162, in get_rhs_op
return connection.operators[self.lookup_name] % rhs
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py", line 80, in __get__
instance.cursor().close()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 233, in cursor
cursor = self.make_cursor(self._cursor())
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 204, in _cursor
self.ensure_connection()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 199, in ensure_connection
self.connect()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__
six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 199, in ensure_connection
self.connect()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 171, in connect
self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py", line 216, in get_new_connection
return Database.connect(conn_string, **conn_params)
DatabaseError: <cx_Oracle._Error object at 0x36c9d50>
答案1
确保已在其环境中设置了celery 的运行用户（应该是具有 shell 的用户，按照惯例称为celery） 。TNS_ADMIN
如果您通过 systemd 运行 celery 服务，那么它将由一个名为的文件控制，该文件的celery.service路径类似于/etc/systemd/system/celery.service，权限为 644。在该文件中的[Service]部分下，使用其中一个指令Environment直接设置环境文件或EnvironmentFile使用环境变量文件。
另外，一定要了解服务celery和之间的区别celeryd，我自己也不太清楚它是什么，但它们不能互换使用，就像你/我所做的那样。