早上好，
我正在尝试在我的 Centos 5.11 (Linux 版本 2.6.18-371.6.1.el5) 上启动 Apache HTTPD 2.4.23 ([电子邮件保护]) (gcc 版本 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-54)) 服务器。我手动配置了以下选项：
- 使用 apr 1.5.2
- 使用 apr-utils 1.5.4
- 使用 pcre 8.37
我的 HTTPD.conf 文件如下所示：
{#
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file. It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/> for detailed information.
# In particular, see
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/directives.html>
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/access_log"
# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache2" will be interpreted by the
# server as "/usr/local/apache2/logs/access_log", whereas "/logs/access_log"
# will be interpreted as '/logs/access_log'.
#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path. If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the
# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used. If you wish to share the
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at
# least PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/opt/apache"
#
# Mutex: Allows you to set the mutex mechanism and mutex file directory
# for individual mutexes, or change the global defaults
#
# Uncomment and change the directory if mutexes are file-based and the default
# mutex file directory is not on a local disk or is not appropriate for some
# other reason.
#
# Mutex default:logs
#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 8080
#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so
#LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so
#LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so
#LoadModule authn_dbd_module modules/mod_authn_dbd.so
#LoadModule authn_socache_module modules/mod_authn_socache.so
LoadModule authn_core_module modules/mod_authn_core.so
LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so
LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so
LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so
#LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so
#LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so
#LoadModule authz_dbd_module modules/mod_authz_dbd.so
LoadModule authz_core_module modules/mod_authz_core.so
LoadModule access_compat_module modules/mod_access_compat.so
LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so
#LoadModule auth_form_module modules/mod_auth_form.so
#LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so
#LoadModule allowmethods_module modules/mod_allowmethods.so
#LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so
#LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so
#LoadModule cache_disk_module modules/mod_cache_disk.so
#LoadModule cache_socache_module modules/mod_cache_socache.so
#LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so
#LoadModule socache_dbm_module modules/mod_socache_dbm.so
#LoadModule socache_memcache_module modules/mod_socache_memcache.so
#LoadModule watchdog_module modules/mod_watchdog.so
#LoadModule macro_module modules/mod_macro.so
#LoadModule dbd_module modules/mod_dbd.so
#LoadModule dumpio_module modules/mod_dumpio.so
#LoadModule buffer_module modules/mod_buffer.so
#LoadModule ratelimit_module modules/mod_ratelimit.so
LoadModule reqtimeout_module modules/mod_reqtimeout.so
#LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so
#LoadModule request_module modules/mod_request.so
#LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so
LoadModule filter_module modules/mod_filter.so
#LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so
#LoadModule sed_module modules/mod_sed.so
LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so
LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so
#LoadModule log_debug_module modules/mod_log_debug.so
#LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so
LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so
#LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so
LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so
#LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so
LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so
LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so
#LoadModule remoteip_module modules/mod_remoteip.so
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
#LoadModule proxy_scgi_module modules/mod_proxy_scgi.so
LoadModule proxy_wstunnel_module modules/mod_proxy_wstunnel.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
#LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so
#LoadModule proxy_hcheck_module modules/mod_proxy_hcheck.so
#LoadModule session_module modules/mod_session.so
#LoadModule session_cookie_module modules/mod_session_cookie.so
#LoadModule session_dbd_module modules/mod_session_dbd.so
#LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
#LoadModule lbmethod_byrequests_module modules/mod_lbmethod_byrequests.so
#LoadModule lbmethod_bytraffic_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so
#LoadModule lbmethod_bybusyness_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bybusyness.so
#LoadModule lbmethod_heartbeat_module modules/mod_lbmethod_heartbeat.so
LoadModule unixd_module modules/mod_unixd.so
#LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so
LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so
#LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so
#LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so
#LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
#LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so
#LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so
LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so
#LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so
#LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so
#LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so
LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
<IfModule unixd_module>
#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User daemon
Group daemon
</IfModule>
# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition. These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#
#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents. e.g. [email protected]
#
ServerAdmin [email protected]
#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
#ServerName www.example.com:80
#
# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must
# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other
# <Directory> blocks below.
#
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Directory>
#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#
#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/opt/apache//htdocs"
<Directory "/opt/apache//htdocs">
#
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
# or any combination of:
# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
# doesn't give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
#
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
# AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
AllowOverride None
#
# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
#
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>
#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
<Files ".ht*">
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
Satisfy All
</Files>
#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"
#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel debug
<IfModule log_config_module>
#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive (see below).
#
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
<IfModule logio_module>
# You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
</IfModule>
#
# The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
# If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
# container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do*
# define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
# logged therein and *not* in this file.
#
CustomLog "logs/access_log" common
#
# If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
# (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
#
#CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
</IfModule>
<IfModule alias_module>
#
# Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to
# exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client
# will make a new request for the document at its new location.
# Example:
# Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar
#
# Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
# access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
# Example:
# Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
#
# If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
# require it to be present in the URL. You will also likely
# need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
# the filesystem path.
#
# ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
# ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
# documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
# client. The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
# directives as to Alias.
#
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/opt/apache//cgi-bin/"
</IfModule>
<IfModule cgid_module>
#
# ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX
# socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod_cgid.
#
#Scriptsock cgisock
</IfModule>
#
# "/opt/apache//cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
<Directory "/opt/apache//cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
<IfModule mime_module>
#
# TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
# filename extension to MIME-type.
#
TypesConfig conf/mime.types
#
# AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
# file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
#
#AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
#
# AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
# information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
#
#AddEncoding x-compress .Z
#AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
#
# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
# probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
#
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
#
# AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
# or added with the Action directive (see below)
#
# To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
# (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
#
#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
# For type maps (negotiated resources):
#AddHandler type-map var
#
# Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
#
# To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
# (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
#
#AddType text/html .shtml
#AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>
#
# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
# contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile
# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
#
#MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#
#
# MaxRanges: Maximum number of Ranges in a request before
# returning the entire resource, or one of the special
# values 'default', 'none' or 'unlimited'.
# Default setting is to accept 200 Ranges.
#MaxRanges unlimited
#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver
# files. This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
# Defaults: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off
#
#EnableMMAP off
#EnableSendfile on
# Supplemental configuration
#
# The configuration files in the conf/extra/ directory can be
# included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of
# the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as
# necessary.
# Server-pool management (MPM specific)
#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
# Multi-language error messages
#Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
# Fancy directory listings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
# Language settings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
# User home directories
#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
# Real-time info on requests and configuration
#Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
# Virtual hosts
#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
# Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual
#Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
# Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV)
#Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
# Various default settings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
# Configure mod_proxy_html to understand HTML4/XHTML1
<IfModule proxy_html_module>
Include conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
</IfModule>
# Secure (SSL/TLS) connections
#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
#
# Note: The following must must be present to support
# starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent
# but a statically compiled-in mod_ssl.
#
<IfModule ssl_module>
SSLRandomSeed startup builtin
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin
</IfModule>
Include conf/mod_jk.conf
Include conf/VirtualHost.conf
}
现在，我遇到了问题。我通过转到 bin 文件夹并运行 ./apachectl start 来启动 apache。但是，首先发生的事情是，我收到一个错误：
[root@cs-uktest2 bin]# ./apachectl start
httpd: Syntax error on line 116 of /opt/apache/conf/httpd.conf: Cannot load modules/mod_proxy.so into server: /opt/apache/modules/mod_proxy.so: undefined symbol: apr_global_mutex_lockfile
因此，我在 HTTPD.conf 中注释掉 mod_proxy 模块，它所做的只是告诉我下一个模块的相同错误，直到我到达 mod_rewrite.so。现在，我在 VirtualHost.conf 中启用了它，如下所示：
[root@cs-uktest2 conf]# cat VirtualHost.conf
<VirtualHost 172.17.100.42:8080>
Servername 172.17.100.42
ServerAlias 172.17.100.42
DocumentRoot "/opt/apache/htdocs"
ErrorLog logs/172.17.100.42-error.log
CustomLog logs/172.17.100.42.log common
RewriteEngine On
JkMount /jkstatus/ stat
JkMount /manager* lb
</VirtualHost>
所以我无法很好地禁用它。当我禁用它时，它尝试加载 VirtualHost 时只会出现异常。
哦，为了清楚起见，我使用 apache 作为另外两个应用服务器的负载平衡器。因此，我还安装了 tomcat 连接器，但我使用 apxs 对其进行了安装后配置。
如果有人知道我为什么会得到这个未定义符号：apr_global_mutex_lockfile 问题，我将非常感激您的帮助！我已经在谷歌上搜索了很多次，很多人都在谈论加载 Mod_ssl.so 时遇到的问题以及得到这个错误，但我没有使用 mod_ssl.so！
值得确认的是，mod_proxy.so 确实存在于我的模块目录中，并且 mod_proxy.h 也位于“include”文件夹中。也许这就是问题所在？
我已经多次重新配置了 apr、apr-utils、pcre 和 apache，看看是否能解决问题。但还是不行。
提前致谢
答案1
如果将来有人遇到此问题，以下是我解决问题的方法。
1) 我意识到我实际上并不需要 mod_proxy 来运行我的负载均衡器，mod_jk 就足够了。因此我注释掉了所有 mod_proxy 模块。
2) 当我运行“ldd /opt/apache/bin/httpd”时，我发现 HTTPD 在错误的位置查找 apr-utils。它实际上试图从 /usr/lib64 而不是我安装它的 /usr/apr-util 中拉取它们。所以我尝试完全删除 apache 和 apr-util，然后重新编译它们，但这也没有解决问题。
最终，我在我的另一台服务器上编译了 apache，并将 /opt/apache/bin/httpd 复制到原始服务器。这解决了问题！
我承认，可能有一种更简单的方法可以重定向 httpd 查找 apr-util 的位置，但我找不到那个答案。所以这在很大程度上是“绕远路”的答案，但最终问题是 httpd 正在查找错误的 apr-util 文件位置。
谢谢
答案2
@内森
我遇到过类似的问题，可以通过向新的 apr 目录添加符号链接来解决它们。
GOTCHA：确保如果您或系统管理员执行系统/内核修补，符号链接将被再次覆盖，问题将再次出现。我不知道如何避免它们。
我的错误信息和解决方案：
./apachectl -M
httpd: Syntax error on line 69 of /usr/local/apache-httpd-2.4.25/conf/httpd.conf:
Cannot load modules/mod_ssl.so into server: /usr/local/apache-httpd-2.4.25/modules/mod_ssl.so: undefined symbol: apr_global_mutex_lockfile
[httpd@vlb-usr/localdev bin]$ ldd httpd
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fffef5fd000)
libpcre.so.1 => /usr/local/dependencies/pcre-8.38/lib/libpcre.so.1 (0x00002b234a983000)
libaprutil-1.so.0 => /usr/local/dependencies/apr-util-1.5.4/lib/libaprutil-1.so.0 (0x00002b234aba0000)
libexpat.so.0 => /lib64/libexpat.so.0 (0x0000003c5da00000)
libapr-1.so.0 => /usr/lib64/libapr-1.so.0 (0x00002b234adda000) ++++++
libuuid.so.1 => /lib64/libuuid.so.1 (0x0000003c59a00000)
librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x0000003c5a600000)
libcrypt.so.1 => /lib64/libcrypt.so.1 (0x0000003c6bc00000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x0000003c5a200000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x0000003c59e00000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x0000003c59200000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000003c58e00000)
++++++ Issue is in here - But when I build Apache from source I did assign them properly..
//Apache configure command
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache-httpd-2.4.25 \
--with-pcre=/usr/local/dependencies/pcre-8.38 \
--with-apr=/usr/local/dependencies/apr-1.5.2 \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/dependencies/apr-util-1.5.4 \
--enable-so \
--enable-module=ssl \
--enable-ssl=shared \
--with-ssl=/usr/local/ssl-1.0.2k
//Before changes
[root@vlb-usr/localdev lib64]# ls -l libapr*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Mar 20 00:12 libapr-1.so.0 -> libapr-1.so.0.2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 165144 May 20 2011 libapr-1.so.0.2.7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Mar 20 00:12 libaprutil-1.so.0 -> libaprutil-1.so.0.2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 108136 Dec 2 2010 libaprutil-1.so.0.2.7
//Solution
cd /usr/lib64
unlink libapr-1.so.0
ln -s /usr/local/dependencies/apr-1.5.2/lib/libapr-1.so.0 libapr-1.so.0
//After changes
[root@vlb-usr/localdev lib64]# ls -l libapr*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 48 Mar 20 01:37 libapr-1.so.0 -> /usr/local/dependencies/apr-1.5.2/lib/libapr-1.so.0
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 165144 May 20 2011 libapr-1.so.0.2.7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Mar 20 00:12 libaprutil-1.so.0 -> libaprutil-1.so.0.2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 108136 Dec 2 2010 libaprutil-1.so.0.2.7