我对 ZFS 还很陌生，所以也许我理解错了。
重启服务器后，我必须重新导入池，执行完后出现了以下状态：
# zpool status -v
pool: data
state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices could not be used because the label is missing or
invalid. Sufficient replicas exist for the pool to continue
functioning in a degraded state.
action: Replace the device using 'zpool replace'.
see: http://zfsonlinux.org/msg/ZFS-8000-4J
scan: scrub in progress since Sat Mar 11 09:54:23 2017
18.4M scanned out of 28.9T at 4.61M/s, (scan is slow, no estimated time)
0 repaired, 0.00% done
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
data DEGRADED 0 0 0
raidz1-0 DEGRADED 0 0 0
sdd ONLINE 0 0 0
5824186382562856058 FAULTED 0 0 0 was /dev/sdb1
sde ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz1-1 ONLINE 0 0 0
sdj ONLINE 0 0 0
sdk ONLINE 0 0 0
sdl ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz1-2 ONLINE 0 0 0
sdg ONLINE 0 0 0
sdb ONLINE 0 0 0
sdf ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz1-3 ONLINE 0 0 0
sdc ONLINE 0 0 0
sdh ONLINE 0 0 0
sdi ONLINE 0 0 0
引起我注意的是FAULTED音量raidz1-0，但我没有注意到的是曾是 /dev/sdb，但/dev/sdb目前正在使用raidz1-2！
因此我适时导出了池，强制使用标签清除功能/dev/sdb，并显示了以下状态：
# zpool status
pool: data
state: ONLINE
status: One or more devices is currently being resilvered. The pool will
continue to function, possibly in a degraded state.
action: Wait for the resilver to complete.
scan: resilver in progress since Sat Mar 11 10:01:16 2017
6.16G scanned out of 28.9T at 263M/s, 32h3m to go
2.02G resilvered, 0.02% done
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
data ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz1-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
sdd ONLINE 0 0 0
replacing-1 UNAVAIL 0 0 0
5824186382562856058 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 was /dev/sdb1/old
sdb1 ONLINE 0 0 0 (resilvering)
sde ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz1-1 ONLINE 0 0 0
sdj ONLINE 0 0 0
sdk ONLINE 0 0 0
sdl ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz1-2 ONLINE 0 0 0
sdg ONLINE 0 0 0
16211591403717513484 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 was /dev/sdb1
sdf ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz1-3 ONLINE 0 0 0
sdc ONLINE 0 0 0
sdh ONLINE 0 0 0
sdi ONLINE 0 0 0
我有两个问题
- 这怎么发生的
- 这可能意味着我在某个地方丢失了磁盘？识别它的最佳方法是什么？
附加信息：此服务器+启动中应该有 12 个数据盘，但 blkid 只有 11。
# blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="43AB-B900" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="70dbeb11-8d0f-4a90-892b-71ddbfa40614"
/dev/sda2: UUID="31b78e1e-47d2-4835-84f3-52526382626e" TYPE="ext2" PARTUUID="d4385b72-1d3b-4f10-b7be-a47240d0a875"
/dev/sda3: UUID="BW2exB-GVBK-2kYB-O6I3-0Xff-tZsT-1wR3eT" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="8298e710-3c27-45f8-bde2-0ca014f61560"
/dev/sdc1: LABEL="data" UUID="1497224562158568852" UUID_SUB="8549439230979948204" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-d160a62f672223cd" PARTUUID="9a5815bb-0c8c-4147-81f7-3c2ed819c856"
/dev/sdd1: LABEL="data" UUID="1497224562158568852" UUID_SUB="8670871889276024405" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-056f7c2c0a7e1d0a" PARTUUID="672f59c7-b6b3-604b-8afd-594bd3b9b5f8"
/dev/sde1: LABEL="data" UUID="1497224562158568852" UUID_SUB="6213246766257863816" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-65908045daba9599" PARTUUID="04785f97-1125-7642-b5c1-9c1a16cda925"
/dev/sdf1: LABEL="data" UUID="1497224562158568852" UUID_SUB="8276492610986556289" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-f8318dd36075cff4" PARTUUID="5d7feebf-8a5f-654b-b2d1-c15691800f44"
/dev/sdh1: LABEL="data" UUID="1497224562158568852" UUID_SUB="1281571628149249275" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-59cc747b1125d66a" PARTUUID="61c60d91-9a85-3b4d-9b99-8df071434a50"
/dev/sdg1: LABEL="data" UUID="1497224562158568852" UUID_SUB="10881622467137806147" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-1a80f12f1e668bbe" PARTUUID="208107b9-ad5f-184c-9178-5db0ebf19a14"
/dev/sdi1: LABEL="data" UUID="1497224562158568852" UUID_SUB="17007441084616526595" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-0a8e6dabd469faca" PARTUUID="e8ed04a8-cde2-6244-902e-6353664af06a"
/dev/sdj1: LABEL="data" UUID="1497224562158568852" UUID_SUB="8620535390437895467" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-97d91e998134d363" PARTUUID="a689a2ff-3b07-ef41-8b9c-cf6361a0e1d1"
/dev/sdk1: LABEL="data" UUID="1497224562158568852" UUID_SUB="17779182602415489900" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-52c3d94733668a22" PARTUUID="42a8072a-e94c-a64d-aa07-dee30f675655"
/dev/sdl1: LABEL="data" UUID="1497224562158568852" UUID_SUB="7227713853040895948" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-cc1406096601d13c" PARTUUID="5481683e-1d8b-4342-9629-3c49f6397075"
/dev/mapper/server--vg-root: UUID="1e3fee5d-d4c8-4971-ae32-23722bbd0688" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/server--vg-swap_1: UUID="6447b120-e79d-4c9f-8cc6-8eef5e275dfc" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="data" UUID="1497224562158568852" UUID_SUB="16704776748125199400" TYPE="zfs_member" PARTLABEL="zfs-368140a1f4980990" PARTUUID="c131befd-a122-aa45-b710-399233eb08a6"
/dev/sdb9: PARTUUID="4aaed8f3-443e-2e44-8737-94a4d09496aa"
/dev/sdc9: PARTUUID="5f2cb2dd-dddd-154f-a771-8db4f5475fec"
/dev/sdd9: PARTUUID="22968880-24bb-d94a-a50f-13adaaa380bc"
/dev/sde9: PARTUUID="b867fa3f-bda4-cf40-b44c-c76bad4047be"
/dev/sdf9: PARTUUID="b4f79585-6676-de40-81ea-44cf74937b28"
/dev/sdh9: PARTUUID="77f5225f-e0e5-4d4f-8361-d13984807960"
/dev/sdg9: PARTUUID="be9746bc-1eb5-9342-b753-3471ae936d42"
/dev/sdi9: PARTUUID="08675893-d6d3-0b49-bf69-105383040006"
/dev/sdj9: PARTUUID="107df9dc-7ea8-694a-8deb-7a6025b74b86"
/dev/sdk9: PARTUUID="2b2ef8de-da71-a740-aad0-bd2dc1d1c8a7"
/dev/sdl9: PARTUUID="f52efda2-f758-2f47-80ff-318be5db3fca"
答案1
好吧，你丢失了一个属于 的磁盘raidz1-0。重启后，/dev/sd[a-m]设备被重命名，正如 Michael Hampton 之前提到的。
ZFS 非常智能，它不依赖于/dev/sdx名称，而可以根据磁盘上的元数据将池组合在一起。此时，raidz1-0由于驱动器故障，您的性能已降级，这在您重新启动服务器之前就已经存在/dev/sdb。重新启动后，故障磁盘导致重命名磁盘，并且属于的磁盘raidz1-2变为/dev/sdb。由于 ZFS 非常智能，它并不在意，只是正确地将池组合在一起。
此时，您只需更换故障磁盘并重新同步raidz1-0池即可。相反，您通过移除真正属于的健康磁盘并将其添加到导致重新同步，从而
降级了第二个池。raidz1-2/dev/sdbraidz1-2raidz1-0
您应该更换故障磁盘并开始重新同步raidz1-2。然后，磁盘很可能会在重新启动后再次重命名。
要识别故障磁盘，请在所有磁盘或卷上进行流量检查，然后查看当您在服务器前面时哪个磁盘 LED 没有闪烁。不要忘记在根分区磁盘上进行流量检查。
一些硬件供应商确实有工具或提供更优雅的方法来识别故障磁盘所在的插槽。