我有一个带有 ASA 5200 的远程客户端。他们将使用光纤，但目前使用的是他们大楼的互联网。ASA 配置如下（已编辑匿名）。它能够 ping 网关（10.133.30.177）以及 8.8.8.8 和其他 IP。当连接到 0/2 接口时，机器会获取 192.168.220.0/24 中的 IP，并且可以 ping 192.168.220.1，但不能再进一步（甚至不能 ping 10.144.30.190）。我运行了“packet-tracer input inside icmp 192.168.220.102 8 0 8.8.8.8 详细信息”
这是我的配置：
ASA Version 8.3(2)
!
hostname NY-ASA5200
names
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
shutdown
nameif FIBER
security-level 0
ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
nameif INET
security-level 0
ip address 10.144.30.190 255.255.255.240
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
nameif INSIDE
security-level 100
ip address 192.168.220.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/3
shutdown
no nameif
no security-level
no ip address
!
interface Management0/0
shutdown
no nameif
no security-level
no ip address
!
ftp mode passive
dns server-group DefaultDNS
object network inside-subnet
subnet 192.168.220.0 255.255.255.0
object network outside
host 10.144.30.190
access-list inside_out_acl extended permit ip any any
access-list inside_out_acl extended permit icmp any any
pager lines 24
mtu FIBER 1500
mtu INET 1500
mtu INSIDE 1500
no failover
icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1
no asdm history enable
arp timeout 14400
!
object network inside-subnet
nat (INSIDE,INET) dynamic interface
route Regis 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.144.30.177 1
timeout xlate 3:00:00
timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02
timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00
timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00
timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute
timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00
dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy
no snmp-server location
no snmp-server contact
snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart
sla monitor 123
type echo protocol ipIcmpEcho 8.8.8.8 interface FIBER
num-packets 4
frequency 15
sla monitor schedule 123 life forever start-time now
crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 28800
crypto ipsec security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000
!
track 1 rtr 123 reachability
telnet 192.168.220.0 255.255.255.0 INSIDE
telnet timeout 5
ssh timeout 5
console timeout 0
dhcpd address 192.168.220.100-192.168.220.150 INSIDE
dhcpd enable INSIDE
!
threat-detection basic-threat
threat-detection statistics access-list
no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept
ssl encryption aes256-sha1
!
class-map inspection_default
match default-inspection-traffic
!
!
policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map
parameters
message-length maximum client auto
message-length maximum 512
policy-map global_policy
class inspection_default
inspect dns preset_dns_map
inspect ftp
inspect h323 h225
inspect h323 ras
inspect ip-options
inspect netbios
inspect rsh
inspect rtsp
inspect skinny
inspect esmtp
inspect sqlnet
inspect sunrpc
inspect tftp
inspect sip
inspect xdmcp
!
service-policy global_policy global
prompt hostname context
call-home
profile CiscoTAC-1
no active
destination address http https://tools.cisco.com/its/service/oddce/services/DDCEService
destination address email [email protected]
destination transport-method http
subscribe-to-alert-group diagnostic
subscribe-to-alert-group environment
subscribe-to-alert-group inventory periodic monthly
subscribe-to-alert-group configuration periodic monthly
subscribe-to-alert-group telemetry periodic daily
Cryptochecksum:1bf8d353c86639077a01cf3ee2762a42
: end
这是该大楼的互联网信息：
Vlan ID: 33
Public IPs: N/A
Dynamic IPs: 10.144.30.178-10.144.30.189
Local Network: 10.144.30.176/28
Netmask: 255.255.255.240
Gateway IP: 10.144.30.177
DNS1: 66.194.134.66
DNS2: 66.194.134.65
Static IPs: 10.144.30.190
DHCP Enabled: Yes
Address Translations: N/A
Bandwidth Type: Shared
最后，这是数据包跟踪器的输出：
Phase: 1
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: input
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
in 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 INET
Phase: 2
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
in id=0x738aa2e8, priority=0, domain=inspect-ip-options, deny=true
hits=564, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, flags=0x0, protocol=0
src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0
dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, dscp=0x0
input_ifc=INSIDE, output_ifc=any
Phase: 3
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
in id=0x738a9f50, priority=66, domain=inspect-icmp-error, deny=false
hits=280, user_data=0x738a9e38, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=1
src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0
dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, dscp=0x0
input_ifc=INSIDE, output_ifc=any
Phase: 4
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
object network inside-subnet
nat (INSIDE,INET) dynamic interface
Additional Information:
Dynamic translate 192.168.220.102/0 to 10.144.30.190/16722
Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
in id=0x735116e0, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
hits=215, user_data=0x6c7766e0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
src ip/id=192.168.220.0, mask=255.255.255.0, port=0
dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, dscp=0x0
input_ifc=INSIDE, output_ifc=INET
Phase: 5
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 592, packet dispatched to next module
Module information for forward flow ...
snp_fp_tracer_drop
snp_fp_inspect_ip_options
snp_fp_translate
snp_fp_adjacency
snp_fp_fragment
snp_ifc_stat
Module information for reverse flow ...
Result:
input-interface: INSIDE
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: INET
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow
答案1
要“通过” ASA 进行 ping 操作，您应该在以下情况下启用 icmp 检查policy-map global_policy- class inspection_default：
https://supportforums.cisco.com/discussion/11124056/why-enable-icmp-inspection-will-allow-icmp-traffic-pass-asa http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/security/asa/asa82/command/reference/cmd_ref/i2.html#wp1735986
我在您的配置中看不到任何access-group条目，inside_out_acl 未绑定到任何接口，我认为它永远不会匹配。您可以show access-list在 ping 时使用 检查访问列表命中数。
但是，由于分配给接口的安全级别，应该允许 ip/icmp 流量。