我目前有一个通过 2 个独立 Web 服务器代理的应用程序。一个 Web 服务器运行 Apache 2.2，而另一个 Web 服务器运行 Apache 2.4。虽然必须更改某些配置以适应 Apache 2.4，但这两个 Web 服务器之间的配置基本相同（我们正在升级 Web 服务器）。
通过 Apache 2.2 代理时，此应用程序运行良好，但通过 Apache 2.4 访问该应用程序时遇到问题。
我访问的应用程序通过发送连续的 AJAX 请求不断轮询数据。经过一定时间/请求（似乎不一致）后，Apache 2.4 Web 服务器返回 401 未授权错误，导致应用程序失败。请记住，它在一段时间内运行正常，但 401 错误总会在几分钟内出现。
通过内部 IP 或 Apache 2.2 Web 服务器访问应用程序时，我没有遇到此问题，这使我相信 Apache 2.4 是导致此问题的原因。这与短时间内的连续请求有关吗？
Apache 2.4 中是否需要包含某个配置设置才能正常运行？我不明白为什么 401 错误最初没有出现（最初一切正常），但过了一小段时间后就出现了。
如果您需要任何进一步的信息，请告诉我。我可以提供任何必要的 .conf 文件。非常感谢您的帮助。
此致
编辑：Apache 2.4‘apache2.conf’文件（删除了注释）：
Mutex file:${APACHE_LOCK_DIR} default
PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE}
Timeout 300
KeepAlive On
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100
KeepAliveTimeout 15
ServerLimit 2000
<IfModule event.c>
StartServers 2
MinSpareThreads 25
MaxSpareThreads 150
ThreadLimit 64
ThreadsPerChild 25
MaxClients 2000
</IfModule>
User ${APACHE_RUN_USER}
Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP}
HostnameLookups Off
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
LogLevel debug
IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.load
IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.conf
Include ports.conf
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all denied
</Directory>
<Directory /usr/share>
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
AccessFileName .htaccess
<FilesMatch "^\.ht">
Require all denied
</FilesMatch>
LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent
IncludeOptional conf-enabled/*.conf
IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf
编辑2：Apache 2.4虚拟主机配置
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName application.url.com:80
ServerAlias application.url.com
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot /sharedfilesystem/htdocs
<Directory />
Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
<Directory /sharedfilesystem/htdocs>
Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks +MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/application.url.com/error.log
LogLevel warn
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/application.url.com/access.log combined
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/maintenance.html -f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !/maintenance.html
RewriteRule ^.*$ /maintenance.html [L]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} !^$
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^referredBy=.*$ [NC]
Include conf.d/*.conf
</VirtualHost>
编辑3：Apache 2.4.conf 文件：
<Location "/ApplicationName">
ProxyPass http://xx.x.x.xxx:8081/ApplicationName
ProxyPassReverse http://xx.x.x.xxx:8081/ApplicationName
</Location>
Alias "/scripts" "/sharedfilesystem/scripts"
<Directory "/sharedfilesystem/scripts">
Options None +FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
Alias "/css" "/sharedfilesystem/css"
<Directory "/sharedfilesystem/css">
Options None +FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
Alias "/images" "/sharedfilesystem/images"
<Directory "/sharedfilesystem/images">
Options None +FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<Macro Template $templateName>
AliasMatch (?i)^/$templateName(.*) "/sharedfilesystem/$templateName/htdocs$1"
<Directory "/sharedfilesystem/$templateName/htdocs">
Options None +FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</Macro>
Use Template TemplateName
编辑4：CURL 命令的输出：
* About to connect() to application.url.com port 80 (#0)
* Trying xx.xx.xx.xx... connected
> GET /ApplicationName HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.22.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.22.0 OpenSSL/1.0.1 zlib/1.2.3.4 libidn/1.23 librtmp/2.3
> Host: application.url.com
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 302 Moved Temporarily
< Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2018 17:17:30 GMT
< Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
< Location: http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/
< Content-Length: 0
< Content-Type: text/plain
<
* Connection #0 to host application.url.com left intact
* Closing connection #0
编辑5：虚拟主机错误.log：
[proxy_http:error] [pid 2139:tid 140080089888512] (104)Connection reset by peer: [client xx.x.x.xx:57710] AH01102: error reading status line from remote server xx.x.x.xxx:8081, referer: http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=jlsut7u1d05np
[proxy:error] [pid 2139:tid 140080089888512] [client xx.x.xx.xx:57710] AH00898: Error reading from remote server returned by /ApplicationName/entryFailure, referer: http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=jlsut7u1d05np
编辑6：虚拟主机access.log显示连续的200个响应，然后是401个响应：
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:34 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185254581&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=23 HTTP/1.1" 200 386 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:35 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185255012&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=23 HTTP/1.1" 200 386 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:35 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/59oe744gqs05i/update?_=1515185254703&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=23 HTTP/1.1" 200 386 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=59oe744gqs05i" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:35 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185255461&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=23 HTTP/1.1" 200 386 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:36 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185255913&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=23 HTTP/1.1" 200 386 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:36 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/59oe744gqs05i/update?_=1515185255703&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=23 HTTP/1.1" 200 386 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=59oe744gqs05i" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:36 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185256430&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=23 HTTP/1.1" 200 385 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:37 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185256994&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=23 HTTP/1.1" 200 626 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:37 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/59oe744gqs05i/update?_=1515185256703&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=23 HTTP/1.1" 200 627 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=59oe744gqs05i" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:37 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185257423&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 385 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:37 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185257888&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 385 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:38 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/59oe744gqs05i/update?_=1515185257703&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 386 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=59oe744gqs05i" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:38 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185258320&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 385 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:38 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185258760&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 385 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:39 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/59oe744gqs05i/update?_=1515185258703&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 386 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=59oe744gqs05i" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:39 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185259341&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 385 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:39 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185259900&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 385 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:40 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/59oe744gqs05i/update?_=1515185259707&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 386 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=59oe744gqs05i" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:40 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185260345&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 385 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:40 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185260825&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 349 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:41 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/59oe744gqs05i/update?_=1515185260703&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 200 386 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=59oe744gqs05i" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
xx.x.xx.xx - - [05/Jan/2018:15:47:41 -0500] "GET /ApplicationName/rest/view/7r3aa5jfn22ld/update?_=1515185261272&casPartySeq=490&casConfSeq=1054&casQaSeq=490&ctxSeq=24 HTTP/1.1" 401 345 "http://application.url.com/ApplicationName/control?vi=7r3aa5jfn22ld" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36"
答案1
您是否启用了 mod evasive？此功能用于通过阻止来自同一 IP 地址的一定数量的重复请求来阻止 DDOS 攻击。
a2query -m 规避
如果已启用，您可以尝试禁用它或增加阈值。
参考：
答案2
您是否尝试过添加keepalive=On到您的ProxyPass？
ProxyPass http://xx.x.x.xxx:8081/ApplicationName keepalive=On
请参阅“Worker|BalancerMember 参数”表（向下滚动）https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypass。
两个默认工作器具有固定配置，如果没有其他工作器与请求匹配，则会使用这两个工作器。它们不使用 HTTP Keep-Alive 或连接重用。相反，将针对每个请求打开和关闭与源服务器的 TCP 连接。
（https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy.html#workers）