将“时间”列替换为相应的值

将“时间”列替换为相应的值

我有一个以下格式的文件:

"2004-04-19 12:25:57" 44 44
"2004-04-19 13:39:32" 36 36
"2004-04-19 14:00:53" 34 34

我需要 2 个新文件:

a) 一个文件,它将用从 1 开始的数字替换文件第一列的“时间”值,如下所示:

1 44 44
2 36 36
3 34 34

b) 另一个文件,它将用数字 unix tamestamp 数据替换文件第一列的“时间”值,如下所示:

1082377557 44 44
1082381972 36 36
1082383253 34 34

答案1

您可以使用这一bash衬垫:

i=1; while IFS=' ' read a b c; do echo "$i $c" >>foo.txt; ((i+=1)); \
     echo "$(date -d "${a#\"} ${b%\"}" '+%s')" "$c" >>bar.txt; done <file.txt

展开形式:

i=1
while IFS=' ' read a b c; do 
    echo "$i $c" >>foo.txt
    ((i+=1))
    echo "$(date -d "${a#\"} ${b%\"}" '+%s')" "$c" >>bar.txt
done <file.txt

运行后foo.txt会有:

1 44 44
2 36 36
3 34 34

并将bar.txt有:

1082377557 44 44
1082381972 36 36
1082383253 34 34

答案2

awk:

awk '{
    # store the time value (first 2 words)
    timestamp = $1 " " $2

    # shift the other fields 2 places (I wish this was simpler in awk)
    for (i=3; i<=NF; i++) $(i-2) = $i
    NF -= 2

    # print to the line-numbers file
    print NR, $0  > "file1"

    # convert the timestamp and print to that file
    gsub(/[-:"]/, " ", timestamp)
    print mktime(timestamp), $0   > "file2"
}' file

mktime需要 GNU awk(我认为)。

珀尔:

perl -MTime::Piece -anE '
    BEGIN {
        $, = " "; 
        open $f1, ">", "file1"; 
        open $f2, ">", "file2"
    } 
    $date = shift @F; 
    $time = shift @F; 
    say $f1 $., @F; 
    say $f2 Time::Piece->strptime("$date $time", "\"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S\"")->epoch, @F
' file

答案3

好吧,冒着为你做作业的风险。给你。

假设您的数据位于名为 YOURFILENAME 的文件中,第一个 lineliner 添加行号和文件中的最后两个字段

count=1;cut -d" " -f 3,4 YOURFILENAME| while read line ; do echo $count $line;((++count)); done

第二行将把你的日期转换为纪元并打印出该行的其余部分(必须再添加一个 sed 来去掉引号,但我这样做又快又脏)

cut -d"\"" -f2 YOURFILENAME| while read line; do SWAP=$(date -d "$line" +\%s); sed -i "s/$line/$SWAP/g" YOURFILENAME;done ; sed 's/"//g' YOURFILENAME

请注意,这只是您可以执行此操作的一种方法。可能还有不少。

答案4

我会在 perl 中这样做:

#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Time::Piece;

#open our files for output
open( my $output1, '>', "output_file_one.txt" ) or die $!;
open( my $output2, '>', "output_file_two.txt" ) or die $!;

#iterate the magic filehandle - <> - which reads either data piped from
#stdin, or opens files specified on command line. (Just like grep/awk/sed)
while (<>) {

    #regex match the values out of your source file.
    my ( $t, @values ) = m/^\"(.*)\" (\d+) (\d+)/;

    #convert $t into a time object.
    $t = Time::Piece->strptime( $t, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" );

    #use the "epoch" method to extract the numeric time from $t
    print {$output1} join( " ", $t->epoch, @values );

    # $. is the perl special var for current line number.
    print {$output2} join( " ", $., @values );
}

close($output1);
close($output2);

相关内容