gentoo linux 上的 qemu kvm 中的 Windows 2016 server essentials 无法启动

gentoo linux 上的 qemu kvm 中的 Windows 2016 server essentials 无法启动

我可以使用 Qemu 和 libvirt 在 gentoo linux 上完成 Windows 2016 server essentials 的初始安装。但在首次启动时,安装后的 VM 会在首次启动时出现 BSOD。

后续重启会弹出一个窗口,提示

“计算机意外重新启动或遇到意外错误。Windows 安装无法继续。要安装 Windows,请单击“确定”重新启动计算机,然后重新开始安装。”

除了我没有收到日志消息之外,本文具有我所遇到的确切行为。https://gist.github.com/jorritfolmer/d01194a00f440ad257bd​​56d51baddc2d

我创建了/etc/modprobe.d/kvm.conf文件并添加了以下行:

options kvm ignore_msrs=1

但仍然不起作用。尝试重命名为 qemu.conf。还尝试添加kvm.conf/etc/libvirt//etc/qemu/(只是开玩笑)

已通过以下方式测试:

  • Linux 4.10.13-aufs、qemu 2.9.0-r2、libvirt 3.3.0
  • Linux 4.15.14-aufs、qemu-2.11.1-r2、libvirt 4.1.0

这是 xml

<domain type='kvm' id='1'>
  <name>WinEss</name>
  <uuid>3815d313-1a83-4f2c-9348-d5f8726ed05d</uuid>
  <memory unit='KiB'>8388608</memory>
  <currentMemory unit='KiB'>8388608</currentMemory>
  <vcpu placement='static'>4</vcpu>
  <resource>
    <partition>/machine</partition>
  </resource>
  <os>
    <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-2.4'>hvm</type>
    <boot dev='cdrom'/>
    <boot dev='hd'/>
  </os>
  <features>
    <acpi/>
    <apic/>
    <vmport state='off'/>
  </features>
  <cpu mode='custom' match='exact' check='full'>
    <model fallback='forbid'>Westmere</model>
    <feature policy='require' name='vme'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='pclmuldq'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='x2apic'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='hypervisor'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='arat'/>
  </cpu>
  <clock offset='utc'>
    <timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/>
    <timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/>
    <timer name='hpet' present='no'/>
  </clock>
  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
  <on_crash>restart</on_crash>
  <pm>
    <suspend-to-mem enabled='no'/>
    <suspend-to-disk enabled='no'/>
  </pm>
  <devices>
    <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator>
    <disk type='file' device='disk'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
      <source file='/antlets/WinEss/Blank.qcow2'/>
      <backingStore/>
      <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
      <alias name='ide0-0-0'/>
      <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>
    </disk>
    <disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
      <source file='/antlets/WinEss/antsle:volumes/WinEss.iso'/>
      <backingStore/>
      <target dev='hdb' bus='ide'/>
      <readonly/>
      <alias name='ide0-0-1'/>
      <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='1'/>
    </disk>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x7'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <master startport='0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <master startport='2'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x1'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <master startport='4'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x2'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'>
      <alias name='pci.0'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='ide' index='0'>
      <alias name='ide'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
    </controller>
    <interface type='network'>
      <mac address='b2:61:6e:73:6c:0f'/>
      <source network='bblv' bridge='virbr1'/>
      <target dev='vnet0'/>
      <model type='e1000'/>
      <alias name='net0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
    </interface>
    <serial type='pty'>
      <source path='/dev/pts/1'/>
      <target port='0'/>
      <alias name='serial0'/>
    </serial>
    <console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/1'>
      <source path='/dev/pts/1'/>
      <target type='serial' port='0'/>
      <alias name='serial0'/>
    </console>
    <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'>
      <alias name='input0'/>
    </input>
    <input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'>
      <alias name='input1'/>
    </input>
    <input type='tablet' bus='usb'>
      <alias name='input2'/>
      <address type='usb' bus='0' port='1'/>
    </input>
    <graphics type='vnc' port='5900' autoport='yes' listen='127.0.0.1'>
      <listen type='address' address='127.0.0.1'/>
    </graphics>
    <sound model='ich6'>
      <alias name='sound0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
    </sound>
    <video>
      <model type='qxl' ram='65536' vram='65536' vgamem='16384' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
      <alias name='video0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
    </video>
    <memballoon model='virtio'>
      <alias name='balloon0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x07' function='0x0'/>
    </memballoon>
  </devices>
  <seclabel type='none' model='none'/>
  <seclabel type='dynamic' model='dac' relabel='yes'>
    <label>+77:+77</label>
    <imagelabel>+77:+77</imagelabel>
  </seclabel>
</domain>

更新 2018 年 8 月 10 日
我尝试将 cpu 类型更改为 core2duo 和 host-passthrough,并且 cpu_map.xml 中的所有 cpu 类型我都尝试了几种变体,并参考了 libvirt.org 文档中的一些示例

<cpu match='exact'>
  <model fallback='allow'>core2duo</model>
  <vendor>Intel</vendor>
  <topology sockets='1' cores='2' threads='2'/>
  <cache level='3' mode='emulate'/>
  <feature policy='disable' name='lahf_lm'/>
</cpu>  

我确实找到了另一篇推荐 host-passthrough 的文章,但我不确定我是否在 xml 中正确配置了它。再次使用带有和不带有“feature”、“cache”、“check”的几种变体... 信息来自 libvirt.org

<cpu mode='host-passthrough' check='none'>
  <cache mode='passthrough'/>
</cpu>

<cpu mode='host-passthrough' check='none'>
  <topology sockets='1' cores='1' threads='4'/>
  <cache mode='passthrough'/>
  <feature policy='disable' name='lahf_lm'/>
</cpu>

并且只是

<cpu>
  <topology sockets='1' cores='1' threads='4'/>
</cpu>

答案1

使用 KVM 模块选项创建文件后必须重新启动。

options kvm ignore_msrs=1

其名称无所谓,只要它在/etc/modprobe.d目录中并且以 结尾即可.conf


您还应该使用 Q35 机器类型创建机器(切勿使用 I440FX,尽管它是默认类型)。I440fx 是一款古老的 1996 年主板,现代 Windows 并不真正关心它。

此外,您还应将 CPU 设置为 core2duo 或 host-passthrough。使用任何其他 CPU 类型时,Windows 10 升级经常会失败。如果您打算在 VM 中运行 Hyper-V,或者您迫切需要每一点性能,请使用 host-passthrough;否则,请使用 core2duo。

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