我正在研究 rsyslog 的预先安装。我不确定哪些远程主机正在向服务器发送日志文件。有些文件夹的名称毫无用处，例如“last”、“Server”、“syslogd”和“exiting”。我如何追踪这些文件的来源（例如有用的日志文件等）？
/etc/rsyslog.conf：
# Default rules for rsyslog.
#
# For more information see rsyslog.conf(5) and /etc/rsyslog.conf
#
# First some standard log files. Log by facility.
#
auth,authpriv.* /var/log/auth.log
*.*;auth,authpriv.none -/var/log/syslog
#cron.* /var/log/cron.log
#daemon.* -/var/log/daemon.log
kern.* -/var/log/kern.log
#lpr.* -/var/log/lpr.log
mail.* -/var/log/mail.log
#user.* -/var/log/user.log
#
# Logging for the mail system. Split it up so that
# it is easy to write scripts to parse these files.
#
#mail.info -/var/log/mail.info
#mail.warn -/var/log/mail.warn
mail.err /var/log/mail.err
#
# Logging for INN news system.
#
news.crit /var/log/news/news.crit
news.err /var/log/news/news.err
news.notice -/var/log/news/news.notice
#
# Some "catch-all" log files.
#
#*.=debug;\
# auth,authpriv.none;\
# news.none;mail.none -/var/log/debug
#*.=info;*.=notice;*.=warn;\
# auth,authpriv.none;\
# cron,daemon.none;\
# mail,news.none -/var/log/messages
#
# Emergencies are sent to everybody logged in.
#
*.emerg :omusrmsg:*
#
# I like to have messages displayed on the console, but only on a virtual
# console I usually leave idle.
#
#daemon,mail.*;\
# news.=crit;news.=err;news.=notice;\
# *.=debug;*.=info;\
# *.=notice;*.=warn /dev/tty8
# The named pipe /dev/xconsole is for the `xconsole' utility. To use it,
# you must invoke `xconsole' with the `-file' option:
#
# $ xconsole -file /dev/xconsole [...]
#
# NOTE: adjust the list below, or you'll go crazy if you have a reasonably
# busy site..
#
#daemon.*;mail.*;\
# news.err;\
# *.=debug;*.=info;\
# *.=notice;*.=warn |/dev/xconsole
ubuntu@rsyslog:/mnt/data/rsyslog/hosts/last/2013/12/31$ cat /etc/rsyslog.conf
# /etc/rsyslog.conf Configuration file for rsyslog.
#
# For more information see
# /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-doc/html/rsyslog_conf.html
#
# Default logging rules can be found in /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf
#################
#### MODULES ####
#################
$ModLoad imuxsock # provides support for local system logging
$ModLoad imklog # provides kernel logging support
#$ModLoad immark # provides --MARK-- message capability
# provides UDP syslog reception
#$ModLoad imudp
#$UDPServerRun 514
# provides TCP syslog reception
#$ModLoad imtcp
#$InputTCPServerRun 514
# Enable non-kernel facility klog messages
$KLogPermitNonKernelFacility on
###########################
#### GLOBAL DIRECTIVES ####
###########################
#
# Use traditional timestamp format.
# To enable high precision timestamps, comment out the following line.
#
$ActionFileDefaultTemplate RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat
# Filter duplicated messages
$RepeatedMsgReduction on
#
# Set the default permissions for all log files.
#
$FileOwner syslog
$FileGroup adm
$FileCreateMode 0640
$DirCreateMode 0755
$Umask 0022
$PrivDropToUser syslog
$PrivDropToGroup syslog
#
# Where to place spool and state files
#
$WorkDirectory /var/spool/rsyslog
#
# Include all config files in /etc/rsyslog.d/
#
$IncludeConfig /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
/etc/rsyslog.d/60-remote.conf：
$WorkDirectory /mnt/data/rsyslog/queue # default location for work (spool) files
$DefaultNetstreamDriver gtls
$DefaultNetstreamDriverCAFile /etc/rsyslog.d/ssl/XXXXX.pem
$DefaultNetstreamDriverCertFile /etc/rsyslog.d/ssl/XXXXXX.crt
$DefaultNetstreamDriverKeyFile /etc/rsyslog.d/ssl/XXXXXX.key
$ModLoad imudp
$ModLoad imtcp
$template syslog,"/var/rsyslog/hosts/%HOSTNAME%/%$YEAR%/%$MONTH%/%$DAY%/syslog
$template apacheError,"/var/rsyslog/hosts/%HOSTNAME%/%$YEAR%/%$MONTH%/%$DAY%/apache-error.log
$template apacheAccess,"/var/rsyslog/hosts/%HOSTNAME%/%$YEAR%/%$MONTH%/%$DAY%/apache-access.log
$template auth,"/var/rsyslog/hosts/%HOSTNAME%/%$YEAR%/%$MONTH%/%$DAY%/auth.log
$template kern,"/var/rsyslog/hosts/%HOSTNAME%/%$YEAR%/%$MONTH%/%$DAY%/kern.log
$template mail,"/var/rsyslog/hosts/%HOSTNAME%/%$YEAR%/%$MONTH%/%$DAY%/mail.log
$template daemon,"/var/rsyslog/hosts/%HOSTNAME%/%$YEAR%/%$MONTH%/%$DAY%/daemon.log
$RuleSet remote
$ActionQueueType LinkedList # use asynchronous processing
$ActionQueueFileName logstash # set file name, also enables disk mode
$ActionResumeRetryCount -1 # infinite retries on insert failure
$ActionQueueSaveOnShutdown on # save in-memory data if rsyslog shuts down
$ActionQueueMaxFileSize 100m
$ActionQueueMaxDiskSpace 1g # 1gb space limit (use as much as possible)
$ActionQueueDequeueSlowdown 0
$ActionQueueWorkerThreads 4
*.* @@logstash.anotherdomain.com
local7.* ?apacheError
& ~
local6.notice ?apacheAccess
& ~
auth,authpriv.* ?auth
& ~
kern.* ?kern
& ~
mail.* ?mail
& ~
daemon.* ?daemon
& ~
*.* ?syslog
$InputTCPServerStreamDriverMode 1
$InputTCPServerStreamDriverAuthMode anon
$InputTCPServerBindRuleset remote
$InputTCPServerRun 1514
$InputUDPServerBindRuleset remote
$UDPServerRun 514
答案1
所有的转发rsyslog.conf，看起来像这样：
auth,authpriv.* /var/log/auth.log
将记录没有主机名的文件。中的内容60-remote.conf看起来像这样：
`auth,authpriv.* ?auth
将转到由模板定义的日志文件，如下所示：
$template auth,"/var/rsyslog/hosts/%HOSTNAME%/%$YEAR%/%$MONTH%/%$DAY%/auth.log
因此，似乎存在两个不同的系统，并且有很多重叠。里面的东西rsyslog.conf是默认的，里面的东西60-remote.conf是另一个近乎完整的系统。
据我了解，主机发送事件，而不是文件。文件中的每个日志事件在时间戳之后可能有也可能没有主机名（在大多数默认配置中都有）。事件由本地系统日志守护程序放入文件中。
答案2
由于syslog数据包仅包含 IP 地址，因此您可以使用host：
for h in last Server syslogd exiting ; do
host $h
done