我刚刚尝试在我的 Ubutnu 14.04 上设置邮件服务器。目标是能够从[电子邮件保护]并接收发送到同一地址的邮件。
现在我跟随这安装 Postfix、Dovecot 和 SquirrelMail 的教程。我按照教程操作，一切正常。此外，我将我的info用户添加到邮件组，同时，我将 MX 记录从 @ 设置为 @，因此作为主机，所有内容都会发送到我的域。我发现这是别人的一个问题，我帮他解决了这个问题。但对我来说，这并没有改变任何东西。
现在 SquirrelMail 的 Web 部分运行良好，我可以点击任意位置并撰写邮件。已发送的邮件也位于 SENT 文件夹中。
但是，我既没有在 SquirrelMail 上收到邮件，也没有在尝试从 SquirrelMail 发送邮件的邮件帐户上收到邮件。我尝试了 1and1、web.de 和 gmail... 都没有结果...
我检查了，var/log/mail.err但没有结果。
但是：在mail.log，有一些有趣的行，我只是将它们粘贴在这里：
Jan 13 11:23:17 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22086]: connect from mail-vs1-f67.google.com[209.85.217.67]
Jan 13 11:23:18 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22086]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from mail-vs1-f67.google.com[209.85.217.67]: 454 4.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<mail-vs1-f67.google.com>
Jan 13 11:23:18 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22086]: disconnect from mail-vs1-f67.google.com[209.85.217.67] ehlo=2 starttls=1 mail=1 rcpt=0/1 data=0/1 quit=1 commands=5/7
Jan 13 11:25:16 myhostname dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<info>, method=PLAIN, rip=::1, lip=::1, mpid=22170, secured, session=<WECcX1l/DM8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB>
Jan 13 11:25:16 myhostname dovecot: imap(info): Logged out in=117 out=1526
Jan 13 11:25:17 myhostname dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<info>, method=PLAIN, rip=::1, lip=::1, mpid=22172, secured, session=<tz2mX1l/Ks8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB>
Jan 13 11:25:17 myhostname dovecot: imap(info): Logged out in=309 out=3198
Jan 13 11:25:17 myhostname dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<info>, method=PLAIN, rip=::1, lip=::1, mpid=22174, secured, session=<q6OxX1l/Ts8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB>
Jan 13 11:25:17 myhostname dovecot: imap(info): Logged out in=117 out=1526
Jan 13 11:25:32 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22175]: connect from localhost[::1]
Jan 13 11:25:32 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22175]: A1DE045E87E0: client=localhost[::1]
Jan 13 11:25:32 myhostname postfix/cleanup[22178]: A1DE045E87E0: message-id=<[email protected]>
Jan 13 11:25:32 myhostname postfix/qmgr[15683]: A1DE045E87E0: from=<[email protected]>, size=716, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Jan 13 11:25:32 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22175]: disconnect from localhost[::1] ehlo=1 mail=1 rcpt=1 data=1 quit=1 commands=5
Jan 13 11:25:32 myhostname dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<info>, method=PLAIN, rip=::1, lip=::1, mpid=22181, secured, session=<uTGVYFl/jtEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB>
Jan 13 11:25:32 myhostname postfix/smtp[22179]: A1DE045E87E0: host mx01.emig.kundenserver.de[217.72.192.66] refused to talk to me: 554-kundenserver.de (mxeue112) Nemesis ESMTP Service not available 554-No SMTP service 554-Bad DNS PTR resource record. 554 For explanation visit https://www.ionos.com/help/index.php?id=2425&ip=85.93.24.159&c=rdns
Jan 13 11:25:32 myhostname dovecot: imap(info): Logged out in=606 out=574
Jan 13 11:25:32 myhostname postfix/smtp[22179]: A1DE045E87E0: to=<[email protected]>, relay=mx00.emig.kundenserver.de[212.227.15.40]:25, delay=0.16, delays=0.05/0.07/0.04/0, dsn=4.0.0, status=deferred (host mx00.emig.kundenserver.de[212.227.15.40] refused to talk to me: 554-kundenserver.de (mxeue009) Nemesis ESMTP Service not available 554-No SMTP service 554-Bad DNS PTR resource record. 554 For explanation visit https://www.ionos.com/help/index.php?id=2425&ip=85.93.24.159&c=rdns)
Jan 13 11:25:32 myhostname dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<info>, method=PLAIN, rip=::1, lip=::1, mpid=22184, secured, session=<eeqWYFl/sNEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB>
Jan 13 11:25:32 myhostname dovecot: imap(info): Logged out in=117 out=1526
Jan 13 11:26:22 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22175]: connect from mx1.validemail.com[208.101.20.91]
Jan 13 11:26:22 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22175]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from mx1.validemail.com[208.101.20.91]: 454 4.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied; from=<> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<mx1.validemail.com>
Jan 13 11:26:22 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22175]: disconnect from mx1.validemail.com[208.101.20.91] ehlo=1 mail=1 rcpt=0/1 rset=1 quit=1 commands=4/5
Jan 13 11:26:23 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22175]: connect from mx1.validemail.com[208.101.20.91]
Jan 13 11:26:23 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22175]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from mx1.validemail.com[208.101.20.91]: 454 4.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied; from=<> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<mx1.validemail.com>
Jan 13 11:26:24 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22175]: disconnect from mx1.validemail.com[208.101.20.91] ehlo=1 mail=1 rcpt=0/1 rset=1 quit=1 commands=4/5
Jan 13 11:27:44 myhostname dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<info>, method=PLAIN, rip=::1, lip=::1, mpid=22219, secured, session=<nHZvaFl/7uYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB>
Jan 13 11:27:44 myhostname dovecot: imap(info): Logged out in=117 out=1526
Jan 13 11:27:47 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22175]: connect from unknown[190.85.234.7]
Jan 13 11:27:47 myhostname postfix/smtpd[22175]: disconnect from unknown[190.85.234.7] helo=1 auth=0/1 quit=1 commands=2/3
Jan 13 11:27:51 myhostname postfix/qmgr[15683]: CB8D545E87CF: from=<[email protected]>, size=714, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Jan 13 11:27:51 myhostname postfix/smtp[22220]: CB8D545E87CF: host mx-ha03.web.de[212.227.15.17] refused to talk to me: 554-web.de (mxweb012) Nemesis ESMTP Service not available 554-No SMTP service 554-Bad DNS PTR resource record. 554 For explanation visit http://postmaster.web.de/error-messages?ip=85.93.24.159&c=rdns
Jan 13 11:27:52 myhostname postfix/smtp[22220]: CB8D545E87CF: to=<[email protected]>, relay=mx-ha02.web.de[212.227.17.8]:25, delay=427, delays=427/0.03/0.06/0, dsn=4.0.0, status=deferred (host mx-ha02.web.de[212.227.17.8] refused to talk to me: 554-web.de (mxweb112) Nemesis ESMTP Service not available 554-No SMTP service 554-Bad DNS PTR resource record. 554 For explanation visit http://postmaster.web.de/error-messages?ip=85.93.24.159&c=rdns)
Jan 13 11:27:54 myhostname dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<info>, method=PLAIN, rip=::1, lip=::1, mpid=22224, secured, session=<sMsAaVl/fugAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB>
Jan 13 11:27:54 myhostname dovecot: imap(info): Logged out in=85 out=789
请注意，我用伪地址替换了真实地址。
说实话，我真的不知道错误是什么，但我认为诸如或之NOQUE: reject类的消息看起来不太好。Relay access deniedstatus=deferred (host mx-ha02.web.de[212.227.17.8] refused to talk to me:
有人知道我遗漏了什么或者我应该修复什么吗？
您也可以检查我对域名 chatXpress.com 的设置，因为[email protected]centralops 的域名档案返回
[Resolving chatxpress.com...]
[Contacting chatxpress.com [85.93.24.159]...]
[Connected]
220 localhost.localdomain ESMTP Postfix (Ubuntu)
EHLO mx1.validemail.com
250-localhost.localdomain
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-STARTTLS
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
MAIL FROM:<>
250 2.1.0 Ok
RCPT TO:<[email protected]>
454 4.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied
[Unfavorable reply code, cannot continue]
RSET
250 2.0.0 Ok
QUIT
221 2.0.0 Bye
[Connection closed]
再次Replay Access Denied...
谢谢你的帮助！
答案1
这里（至少）有两个不同的问题：
首先，您无法接收邮件并出现错误Relay access denied。这意味着 Postfix 未配置为接收您域名的邮件。
要修复此问题，您需要重新配置 Postfix，例如使用dpkg-reconfigure postfix并为其指定正确的域名。看来 Postfix 是使用localhost.localdomain而不是 来设置的chatxpress.com。
其次，您无法发送邮件，因为根据您收到的错误消息，您的主机的 IP 地址没有 PTR 记录。我可以确认这一点：
$ host 85.93.24.159
Host 159.24.93.85.in-addr.arpa. not found: 3(NXDOMAIN)
PTR 记录必须由 IP 地址的所有者（即托管您服务器的数据中心）设置。请联系他们以获取有关如何设置 PTR 记录的更多信息。