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如何使用 ansible 生成和设置语言环境？

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如何使用 ansible 生成和设置语言环境？

我正在寻找一个幂等的 ansible 角色/任务来确保将某个语言环境（如 en_US.UTF-8）设置为默认值。它应该生成语言环境（仅在必要时）并将其设置为默认值（也仅在必要时）。

对于第一部分，我将注册输出locale -a | grep "{{ locale_name }}"并在需要时生成。

对于第二部分，我想知道每次运行 update-locale 是否足够好，因为该命令本身是幂等的。

答案1

localectl即使新值等于当前值，@mniess 答案中的命令也将始终报告为“已更改”。以下是我个人最终设置和LANG解决LANGUAGE该问题的方法：

- name: Ensure localisation files for '{{ config_system_locale }}' are available
  locale_gen:
    name: "{{ config_system_locale }}"
    state: present

- name: Ensure localisation files for '{{ config_system_language }}' are available
  locale_gen:
    name: "{{ config_system_language }}"
    state: present

- name: Get current locale and language configuration
  command: localectl status
  register: locale_status
  changed_when: false

- name: Parse 'LANG' from current locale and language configuration
  set_fact:
    locale_lang: "{{ locale_status.stdout | regex_search('LANG=([^\n]+)', '\\1') | first }}"

- name: Parse 'LANGUAGE' from current locale and language configuration
  set_fact:
    locale_language: "{{ locale_status.stdout | regex_search('LANGUAGE=([^\n]+)', '\\1') | default([locale_lang], true) | first }}"

- name: Configure locale to '{{ config_system_locale }}' and language to '{{ config_system_language }}'
  become: yes
  command: localectl set-locale LANG={{ config_system_locale }} LANGUAGE={{ config_system_language }}
  changed_when: locale_lang != config_system_locale or locale_language != config_system_language

此外，这是我所拥有的group_vars/main.yml：

config_system_locale: 'pt_PT.UTF-8'
config_system_language: 'en_US.UTF-8'

答案2

以下是我最终得到的结果：

- name: Ensure the locale exists
  locale_gen:
    name: en_US.UTF-8
    state: present
- name: set as default locale
  command: localectl set-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8

答案3

虽然 rfgamaral 的答案很棒，但它只适用于 Debian，因为社区locale_gen模块不支持 RHEL. 支持 RHEL/CentOS和Debian，请尝试以下操作：

- name: check if locale exists
  shell: "locale -a | grep -i {{ config_system_locale | regex_replace('-', '') | quote }}"
  register: found_locale
  changed_when: no
  failed_when: no

- name: create locale
  command: "localedef -i {{ config_system_locale | regex_replace('(.*)\\..*', '\\1') | quote }} -f {{ config_system_locale | regex_replace('.*\\.(.*)', '\\1') | quote }} {{ config_system_locale | quote }}"
  when: not ansible_check_mode and found_locale.rc != 0

- name: check if language exists
  shell: "locale -a | grep -i {{ config_system_language | regex_replace('-', '') | quote }}"
  register: found_language
  changed_when: no
  failed_when: no

- name: create language
  command: "localedef -i {{ config_system_language | regex_replace('(.*)\\..*', '\\1') | quote }} -f {{ config_system_language | regex_replace('.*\\.(.*)', '\\1') | quote }} {{ config_system_language | quote }}"
  when: not ansible_check_mode and found_language.rc != 0

- name: Get current locale and language configuration
  command: localectl status
  register: locale_status
  changed_when: false

- name: Parse 'LANG' from current locale and language configuration
  set_fact:
    locale_lang: "{{ locale_status.stdout | regex_search('LANG=([^\n]+)', '\\1') | first }}"

- name: Parse 'LANGUAGE' from current locale and language configuration
  set_fact:
    locale_language: "{{ locale_status.stdout | regex_search('LANGUAGE=([^\n]+)', '\\1') | default([locale_lang], true) | first }}"

- name: Configure locale to '{{ config_system_locale }}' and language to '{{ config_system_language }}'
  command: localectl set-locale LANG={{ config_system_locale }} LANGUAGE={{ config_system_language }}
  changed_when: locale_lang != config_system_locale or locale_language != config_system_language

答案4

我在 Fedora 系统上遇到了同样的问题，最终找到了一个专门适用于以下系统的解决方案localectl：

剧本：

- name: Apply localectl settings
  tags:
      - system
      - localectl
  block:
      - name: Import localectl vars
        ansible.builtin.include_vars: localectl/vars.yml

      - name: Set localectl setting
        ansible.builtin.include_tasks: localectl/_tasks.yml
        loop: "{{ localectl_settings }}"
        loop_control:
            label: "{{ item.name }}"

localectl/vars.yml：

localectl_settings:
    - name: language
      value: LANG=de_DE.UTF-8
      regex: "System Locale: "
      command: set-locale

    - name: keymap
      value: euro
      regex: "VC Keymap: "
      command: set-keymap

    - name: x11 layout
      value: eu
      regex: "X11 Layout: "
      command: set-x11-keymap

localectl/_tasks.yml：

---
- name: Set localectl settings
  become: true
  tags:
      - system
      - localectl
  block:
      - name: Get status of localectl {{ item.name }}
        ansible.builtin.shell:
            cmd: localectl status | grep -E "{{ item.regex }}{{ item.value }}"
        register: result_locale_status
        failed_when: false
        changed_when: false

      - name: Set localectl setting
        ansible.builtin.command:
            cmd: "{{ localectl_command }}"
        when: result_locale_status.rc == 1
        loop_control:
            loop_var: localectl_command
        loop:
            - "localectl {{ item.command }} {{ item.value }}"

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