各位！我公司测试环境中有几块 Seagate Exos X14 型号 ST14000NM0448 磁盘。但我们无法使用它们，因为当我尝试使用 mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX1 命令在其中任何一个磁盘上创建 FS 时，它会永远冻结，并显示以下输出：
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdd1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
67108864 inodes, 268435456 blocks
13421772 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2415919104
8192 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: ^C^C^C
同时 dmesg 充满错误（这里是编译）：
[1979096.654849] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1468008448
[1979096.654853] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 183500800, lost async page write
[1979097.161085] mpt3sas_cm0: log_info(0x31080000): originator(PL), code(0x08), sub_code(0x0000)
[1979097.271828] mpt3sas_cm0: log_info(0x31080000): originator(PL), code(0x08), sub_code(0x0000)
[1979097.382574] mpt3sas_cm0: log_info(0x31080000): originator(PL), code(0x08), sub_code(0x0000)
[1979097.382612] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_SOFT_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[1979097.382616] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Write(10) 2a 00 0a e8 01 00 00 00 01 00
[1979097.382619] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1463814144
[1979097.382622] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 182976512, lost async page write
[1979097.888750] mpt3sas_cm0: log_info(0x31080000): originator(PL), code(0x08), sub_code(0x0000)
[1979097.999495] mpt3sas_cm0: log_info(0x31080000): originator(PL), code(0x08), sub_code(0x0000)
[1979098.110236] mpt3sas_cm0: log_info(0x31080000): originator(PL), code(0x08), sub_code(0x0000)
[1979098.110275] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_SOFT_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[1979098.110279] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Write(10) 2a 00 0a f8 01 00 00 00 01 00
[1979098.110282] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1472202752
[1979102.636567] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1572866048
[1979102.636570] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 196608000, lost async page write
[1979103.142711] mpt3sas_cm0: log_info(0x31080000): originator(PL), code(0x08), sub_code(0x0000)
[1979103.253455] mpt3sas_cm0: log_info(0x31080000): originator(PL), code(0x08), sub_code(0x0000)
[1979103.253464] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[1979103.253468] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense Key : Aborted Command [current]
[1979103.253471] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Add. Sense: No additional sense information
[1979103.253474] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Write(10) 2a 00 0b 20 01 00 00 00 01 00
[1979103.253476] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1493174272
[1979103.253479] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 186646528, lost async page write
[1979103.253497] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_SOFT_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[1979103.253500] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Write(10) 2a 00 0b 10 01 00 00 00 01 00
[1979103.253502] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1484785664
[1979107.535621] mpt3sas_cm0: log_info(0x31080000): originator(PL), code(0x08), sub_code(0x0000)
[1979107.535647] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_SOFT_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[1979107.535650] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Write(10) 2a 00 0b 80 01 00 00 00 01 00
[1979107.535652] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1543505920
[1979107.535654] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 192937984, lost async page write
[1979254.710800] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_SOFT_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[1979254.710804] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Write(10) 2a 00 10 00 00 f0 00 00 10 00
[1979254.710807] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 2147485568
[1979254.710810] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 268435440, lost async page write
[1979254.710816] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 268435441, lost async page write
[1979254.710819] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 268435442, lost async page write
[1979254.710822] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 268435443, lost async page write
[1979254.710825] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 268435444, lost async page write
[1979254.710827] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 268435445, lost async page write
[1979254.710830] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 268435446, lost async page write
[1979254.710833] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 268435447, lost async page write
[1979254.710836] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 268435448, lost async page write
[1979254.710838] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 268435449, lost async page write
[1979256.183201] mpt3sas_cm0: log_info(0x31080000): originator(PL), code(0x08), sub_code(0x0000)
[1979256.183245] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[1979256.183249] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense Key : Aborted Command [current]
[1979256.183252] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Add. Sense: No additional sense information
[1979256.183256] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Write(10) 2a 00 0e 18 01 00 00 00 01 00
[1979256.183258] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1891633152
[1979256.183279] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_SOFT_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[1979256.183282] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Write(10) 2a 00 0f f8 01 00 00 00 01 00
[1979256.183284] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 2143291392
SMART 信息：
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: ST14000NM0448-2K8122
Serial Number: xxxxxxxx
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0b441eabc
Firmware Version: SR03
User Capacity: 14,000,519,643,136 bytes [14.0 TB]
Sector Size: 4096 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: Unknown(0x0fe0) (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA >3.2 (0x1ff), 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Wed Apr 3 18:17:05 2019
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
操作系统版本：CentOS7，内核版本：3.10.0-957.5.1.el7.x86_64。
坦白说，经过几个小时的谷歌搜索，我仍然一无所获。这绝对不是主板/连接/干扰问题，因为我们在几台机器上每台机器都有几个磁盘，而且它们的行为都一样。有什么想法吗？
答案1
ST14000NM0448 是主机管理的 SMR 驱动器。这意味着内核提供的块设备将受到一些限制。
Ext4 不支持 HM-SMR 驱动器。目前我知道的唯一支持是 F2FS。
如果你正在编写自己的应用程序，则可以使用库使用它。