[标记为重复之前请阅读]
我已经安装Postfix并dovecot开启Ubuntu（针对虚拟用户）。
因此，我可以使用手机（邮件应用程序）甚至在 Windows（Windows Mail）上从家里登录邮件服务器。
但当我移动到其他地方时，我就无法再登录了。
所以我尝试改变mynetwork，0.0.0.0但/etc/postfix/main.cf没有帮助：
#mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
mynetworks = 0.0.0.0
我该如何解决这个问题？
编辑
我遵循了本教程：linux化
手机上的邮件客户端
The email server (mail.example.net) is not responding.
you can continue the setup process but you'll not be able to receive emails until your account has been verified by the server
root@mail:~# ufw status
Status: active
To Action From
-- ------ ----
22 ALLOW Anywhere
Nginx Full ALLOW Anywhere
80 ALLOW Anywhere
443 ALLOW Anywhere
21/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
924 ALLOW Anywhere
25 ALLOW Anywhere
25/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
Anywhere ALLOW 168.167.80.116
22 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
Nginx Full (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
80 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
443 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
21/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
924 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
25 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
25/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
995 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
993 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
/var/log/dovecot-debug.log
Aug 26 09:28:12 auth: Debug: auth client connected (pid=0)
Aug 26 09:28:12 auth: Debug: auth client connected (pid=0)
Aug 26 09:28:12 auth: Debug: auth client connected (pid=0)
Aug 26 09:28:12 auth: Debug: auth client connected (pid=0)
/var/log/mail.log
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2179]: connect from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2178]: connect from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2180]: connect from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2181]: connect from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2178]: lost connection after EHLO from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2178]: disconnect from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2179]: lost connection after EHLO from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2179]: disconnect from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2180]: lost connection after EHLO from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2180]: disconnect from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2181]: lost connection after EHLO from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
Aug 26 09:29:03 mail postfix/smtpd[2181]: disconnect from fml.ips.net[ip.address.here]
/etc/postfix/master.cf
# Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master" or
# on-line: http://www.postfix.org/master.5.html).
#
# Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args
# (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
smtp inet n - - - - smtpd
#smtp inet n - - - 1 postscreen
#smtpd pass - - - - - smtpd
#dnsblog unix - - - - 0 dnsblog
#tlsproxy unix - - - - 0 tlsproxy
submission inet n - y - - smtpd
-o syslog_name=postfix/submission
-o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
-o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
# -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
# -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
# -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
-o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
smtps inet n - y - - smtpd
-o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
-o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
-o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
# -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
# -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
# -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
-o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628 inet n - - - - qmqpd
pickup unix n - - 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup
qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr unix n - n 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce
defer unix - - - - 0 bounce
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - - - - smtp
relay unix - - - - - smtp
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq unix n - - - - showq
error unix - - - - - error
retry unix - - - - - error
discard unix - - - - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry.
#
# Specify in cyrus.conf:
# lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4
#
# Specify in main.cf one or more of the following:
# mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
# virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux)
# Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
#cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
# Old example of delivery via Cyrus.
#
#old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}
/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-master.conf
#default_process_limit = 100
#default_client_limit = 1000
# Default VSZ (virtual memory size) limit for service processes. This is mainly
# intended to catch and kill processes that leak memory before they eat up
# everything.
#default_vsz_limit = 256M
# Login user is internally used by login processes. This is the most untrusted
# user in Dovecot system. It shouldn't have access to anything at all.
#default_login_user = dovenull
# Internal user is used by unprivileged processes. It should be separate from
# login user, so that login processes can't disturb other processes.
#default_internal_user = dovecot
service imap-login {
inet_listener imap {
#port = 143
}
inet_listener imaps {
port = 993
ssl = yes
}
# Number of connections to handle before starting a new process. Typically
# the only useful values are 0 (unlimited) or 1. 1 is more secure, but 0
# is faster. <doc/wiki/LoginProcess.txt>
#service_count = 1
# Number of processes to always keep waiting for more connections.
#process_min_avail = 0
# If you set service_count=0, you probably need to grow this.
#vsz_limit = $default_vsz_limit
}
service pop3-login {
inet_listener pop3 {
#port = 110
}
inet_listener pop3s {
port = 995
ssl = yes
}
}
service submission-login {
inet_listener submission {
port = 587
}
}
service lmtp {
unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/dovecot-lmtp {
mode = 0600
user = postfix
group = postfix
}
# Create inet listener only if you can't use the above UNIX socket
#inet_listener lmtp {
# Avoid making LMTP visible for the entire internet
#address =
#port =
#}
}
service imap {
# Most of the memory goes to mmap()ing files. You may need to increase this
# limit if you have huge mailboxes.
#vsz_limit = $default_vsz_limit
# Max. number of IMAP processes (connections)
#process_limit = 1024
}
service pop3 {
# Max. number of POP3 processes (connections)
#process_limit = 1024
}
service submission {
# Max. number of SMTP Submission processes (connections)
#process_limit = 1024
}
service auth {
# auth_socket_path points to this userdb socket by default. It's typically
# used by dovecot-lda, doveadm, possibly imap process, etc. Users that have
# full permissions to this socket are able to get a list of all usernames and
# get the results of everyone's userdb lookups.
#
# The default 0666 mode allows anyone to connect to the socket, but the
# userdb lookups will succeed only if the userdb returns an "uid" field that
# matches the caller process's UID. Also if caller's uid or gid matches the
# socket's uid or gid the lookup succeeds. Anything else causes a failure.
#
# To give the caller full permissions to lookup all users, set the mode to
# something else than 0666 and Dovecot lets the kernel enforce the
# permissions (e.g. 0777 allows everyone full permissions).
unix_listener auth-userdb {
mode = 0600
user = vmail
group = vmail
}
# Postfix smtp-auth
unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {
mode = 0666
user = postfix
group = postfix
}
# Auth process is run as this user.
#user = $default_internal_user
}
service auth-worker {
# Auth worker process is run as root by default, so that it can access
# /etc/shadow. If this isn't necessary, the user should be changed to
# $default_internal_user.
user = vmail
}
service dict {
# If dict proxy is used, mail processes should have access to its socket.
# For example: mode=0660, group=vmail and global mail_access_groups=vmail
unix_listener dict {
mode = 0600
user = vmail
group = vmail
}
}
答案1
这可能是路由器的问题。您需要将 IMAP 和 POP3 端口转发到您的服务器。我建议您要求 TLS 并转发 IMAPS 和 POP3S 端口。LetsEncrypt 项目允许您获取受信任的证书，尽管对于小型网络，自签名证书也可以使用。
您可能需要为您的家配置一个 DDNS（动态 DNS）名称，以便您可以远程连接。这将与您在家中使用的名称不同。可以通过在本地 DNS 服务器（例如 Dnsmasq）中设置自定义记录来解决此问题。
答案2
终于可以正常工作了。只需打开端口即可。抱歉给您带来这么多麻烦。