我的电子邮件服务器到目前为止运行良好，但由于未知原因，可能是在设置强制 TLS 连接后，我不再能够接收电子邮件；不过，我在 TLS 配置期间确实对其进行了测试，而且我很确定它当时运行正常。发送仍然有效，连接和使用 Roundcube 也是如此。
我尝试清理我的 master.cf 和 main.cf 但无济于事，而且我不明白发生了什么。
最让我烦恼的是，postfix 使用的限制列表似乎是中继的限制列表，而不是收件人的限制列表，我无法理解为什么它不使用收件人的限制列表。
Postfix version: 2.11.3
日志文件（启用调试）：
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: generic_checks: name=reject_unknown_sender_domain status=0
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: >>> END Sender address RESTRICTIONS <<<
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: >>> START Recipient address RESTRICTIONS <<<
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: generic_checks: name=permit_mynetworks
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: permit_mynetworks: mail-il1-f172.google.com 209.85.166.172
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: match_hostname: mail-il1-f172.google.com ~? 127.0.0.0/8
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: match_hostaddr: 209.85.166.172 ~? 127.0.0.0/8
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: match_hostname: mail-il1-f172.google.com ~? [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: match_hostaddr: 209.85.166.172 ~? [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: match_hostname: mail-il1-f172.google.com ~? [::1]/128
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: match_hostaddr: 209.85.166.172 ~? [::1]/128
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: match_hostname: mail-il1-f172.google.com ~? 88.191.5.85/32
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: match_hostaddr: 209.85.166.172 ~? 88.191.5.85/32
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: match_list_match: mail-il1-f172.google.com: no match
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: match_list_match: 209.85.166.172: no match
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: generic_checks: name=permit_mynetworks status=0
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: generic_checks: name=reject_unauth_destination
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: reject_unauth_destination: [email protected]
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: permit_auth_destination: [email protected]
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: ctable_locate: move existing entry key [email protected]
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: generic_checks: name=reject_unauth_destination status=0
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: generic_checks: name=permit_sasl_authenticated
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: generic_checks: name=permit_sasl_authenticated status=0
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: generic_checks: name=reject
## ERROR HERE ## Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from mail-il1-f172.google.com[209.85.166.172]: 554 5.7.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: Access denied; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<mail-il1-f172.google.com>
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: generic_checks: name=reject status=2
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: >>> END Recipient address RESTRICTIONS <<<
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: report recipient to all milters (flags=0x1)
Nov 13 00:08:01 sd-123 postfix/smtpd[6005]: > mail-il1-f172.google.com[209.85.166.172]: 554 5.7.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: Access denied
以下是 的输出postconf -nf：
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
append_dot_mydomain = no
biff = no
config_directory = /etc/postfix
debug_peer_list = 209.85.166.0/24
html_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix/html
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = all
mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION"
mailbox_size_limit = 1280000000
milter_connect_macros = i j {daemon_name} v {if_name} _
milter_default_action = accept
milter_protocol = 6
mydestination = myaddress.com mail.myaddress.com, sd-123.hoster.com,
localhost.hoster.com, localhost
myhostname = myaddress.com
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 some.ip.addr/32
myorigin = /etc/mailname
non_smtpd_milters = unix:/opendkim/opendkim.sock,unix:/opendmarc/opendmarc.sock
policyd-spf_time_limit = 3600
readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix
recipient_delimiter = +
relayhost =
smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/letsencrypt/live/myaddress.com/fullchain.pem
smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU)
smtpd_milters =
unix:/spamass/spamass.sock,unix:/opendkim/opendkim.sock,unix:/opendmarc/opendmarc.sock
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks,
check_policy_service unix:private/policyd-spf, reject_unauth_pipelining,
reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender,
reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_non_fqdn_recipient,
reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_rbl_client bl.spamcop.net,
reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.sorbs.net,
reject_unauth_destination, permit
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, reject_unauth_destination,
permit_sasl_authenticated, reject
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated,
permit_tls_clientcerts, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain
smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/letsencrypt/live/myaddress.com/fullchain.pem
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/myaddress.com/fullchain.pem
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/myaddress.com/privkey.pem
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2,!SSLv3
smtpd_tls_protocols = !SSLv2,!SSLv3
smtpd_tls_security_level = encrypt
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtpd_use_tls = yes
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom
virtual_alias_maps =
mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-alias-maps.cf,mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-email2email.cf
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-mailbox-domains.cf
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-mailbox-maps.cf
virtual_transport = lmtp:unix:private/dovecot-lmtp
输出postconf -Mf：
smtp inet n - - - - smtpd
submission inet n - - - - smtpd
-o syslog_name=postfix/submission
-o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
-o smtpd_sasl_type=dovecot
-o smtpd_sasl_path=private/auth
-o smtpd_sasl_security_options=noanonymous
-o smtpd_sender_login_maps=mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-email2email.cf
-o smtpd_sender_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_tls_clientcerts,reject_non_fqdn_sender,reject_unknown_sender_domain
-o smtpd_sasl_local_domain=$myhostname
pickup unix n - - 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup
qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce
defer unix - - - - 0 bounce
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - - - - smtp
relay unix - - - - - smtp
showq unix n - - - - showq
error unix - - - - - error
retry unix - - - - - error
discard unix - - - - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu
user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
uucp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fqhu
user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe flags=F user=ftn
argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fq.
user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe flags=R
user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop}
${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe flags=FR
user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop}
${user}
policyd-spf unix - n n - 0 spawn user=policyd-spf
argv=/usr/bin/policyd-spf
来自 master.cf 的相关提交配置：
submission inet n - - - - smtpd
-o syslog_name=postfix/submission
-o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
-o smtpd_sasl_type=dovecot
-o smtpd_sasl_path=private/auth
-o smtpd_sasl_security_options=noanonymous
-o smtpd_sender_login_maps=mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-email2email.cf
#-o smtpd_sender_restrictions=reject_sender_login_mismatch -- ORIGINAL // new value was extracted from main.cf
-o smtpd_sender_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_tls_clientcerts,reject_non_fqdn_sender,reject_unknown_sender_domain
-o smtpd_sasl_local_domain=$myhostname
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
#-o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=reject_non_fqdn_recipient,reject_unknown_recipient_domain,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject ;; original value, but main.cf should be better
来自 main.cf 的相关配置：
smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_tls_clientcerts, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, reject_unauth_destination, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject
smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
permit_sasl_authenticated,
permit_mynetworks,
check_policy_service unix:private/policyd-spf,
reject_unauth_pipelining,
reject_invalid_hostname,
reject_non_fqdn_sender,
reject_unknown_sender_domain,
reject_non_fqdn_recipient,
reject_unknown_recipient_domain,
reject_rbl_client bl.spamcop.net,
reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org,
reject_rbl_client dnsbl.sorbs.net,
reject_unauth_destination,
permit
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_tls_security_level = encrypt
smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
编辑：-o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject从 中删除master.cf，添加了 的输出postconf -Mf。
答案1
我的一个朋友发现了这个问题。Postfix 会评估所有限制列表，包括用于接收电子邮件的中继列表。由于我的配置在 末尾有一个“拒绝” smtpd_relay_restrictions，因此smtpd_recipient_restrictions从未被评估过。将 更改reject为defer_unauth_destination即可解决问题。
答案2
postconf 程序默认只显示 main.cf 的内容，但 master.cf 中也有一些服务配置（postconf 需要一个特殊的“-M”标志来显示它）。 smtpd 服务看起来配置为只接受来自经过身份验证的客户端的电子邮件：
-o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject