我在 Hyper-V（Windows Server 2016）上运行的 Debian（Stretch 9.3）VM 中遇到了问题，在过去 7 天内有两次文件系统变为只读状态。
这种情况最早发生在上周，当时主机服务器断电，主机和虚拟机都没有完全关闭。这种情况发生在虚拟机重新启动后的某个阶段，并在过去的 24 小时内再次发生（所以现在 3 天内发生了两次）。
第一次我没有得到任何数据，但用一个fsck -y /dev/sda1确实发现错误的程序修复了它。完成后，重新启动虚拟机解决了这个问题。
由于它再次发生，我认为我需要做同样的事情，但这是一个生产虚拟机，我不能一直重新启动它。
这次我从虚拟机中捕获了这个：
但说实话，我不知道该如何解释这一点，也不知道是什么原因造成的。
主机服务器没有改变（除了重新启动）并且主机上没有报告任何 HDD 问题，所以我不认为这是问题所在，我假设 VM 上出现了某些损坏但它又再次出现了。
欢迎提出任何关于值得关注/尝试的建议。
谢谢。
更新：报告内容如下/sbin/fsck.ext4 /dev/sda1 -n：
root@:~# /sbin/fsck.ext4 /dev/sda1 -n
e2fsck 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
Warning: skipping journal recovery because doing a read-only filesystem check.
/dev/sda1 contains a file system with errors, check forced.
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Deleted inode 2621453 has zero dtime. Fix? no
Inodes that were part of a corrupted orphan linked list found. Fix? no
Inode 5638952 was part of the orphaned inode list. IGNORED.
Inode 8258727 extent tree (at level 1) could be shorter. Fix? no
Inode 8258727, i_blocks is 128, should be 8. Fix? no
Inode 8258730 extent tree (at level 1) could be shorter. Fix? no
Inode 8258730, i_blocks is 48, should be 8. Fix? no
Inode 8258734 extent tree (at level 1) could be shorter. Fix? no
Inode 8258734, i_blocks is 56, should be 8. Fix? no
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
Block bitmap differences: +21541044 +21541050 -21541058 -21541229 -22577535 -22627866 -22627873 -22628070 -22628085 -22628089 -22628095 -22628105 -22628123 -22628125 -(22628127--22628128) -22628131 -22628136 -22628144 -22628147 -22628149 -22628212 -22628219 -22628259 -22633493 -22633688 -22633690 -22633765 -22633802 -22633806 -22639253 -22639278 -(22639282--22639283) -22639294 -22639554 -22642897 -22642941 -(22642944--22642946) -(22642980--22642981) -22643248 -22643269 -22643331 -22643335 -22643344 -22643352 -22643356 -22643365 -22643374 -22643389 -22643425 -22645248 -22645256 -22645262 -22645319 -22645347 -22645387 -22645400 -22645406 -22645415 -22645417 -22645423 -(22645435--22645436) -22645442 -22645444 -22645455 -22645458 -22645471 -22670934 -22670936 -22670985 -22670987 -(22670989--22670990) -22671000 -22671011 -22671028 -22671052 -22671056 -22671064 -22671070 -22671091 -22671111 -22671118 -22671125 -22671128 -22671133 -22671246 -22673432 -22674990 -22674997 -22674999 -22675003 -(22675021--22675022) -22675027 -22675033 -22675035 -22675130 -22675158 -22675162 -(22675179--22675180) -22675256 -22693892 -22693898 -22693901 -22693903 -22693921 -22693925 -22693933 -22693937 -22693945 -22693949 -22693957 -22693961 -22693968 -(22693972--22693973) -22693985 -22693995 -22694006 -22694009 -22694016 -22694024 -22694040 -(22694046--22694047) -22694050 -22694055 -22694059 -22694073 -22694077 -22694084 -22694089 -22694097 -22694226 -22694235 -22694238 -22694243 -22694246 -22694258 -22694274 -22694279 -22694290 -22694300 -22694319 -22694322 -22694330 -(22694390--22694391) -(22694617--22694623) -22694625 -22694627 -22694629 -22694631 -22694633 -22694635 -22694637 -22694639 -(22694642--22694643) -22694647 -22694649 -22694651 -22694653 -22694667 -22694669 -22694671 -22694673 -22694676 -(22694678--22694684) -22694688 -22694691 -22694693 -22694697 -22694699 -22694701 -22694703 -22694706 -22694708 -22694710 -22694712 -22694714 -22694716 -22694718 -22694720 -22694722 -22694724 -22694726 -22694730 -22694732 -22694734 -(22694737--22694738) -22694759 -(22694787--22694788) -(22694802--22694803) -22694806 -22694814 -22694820 -22694822 -22694841 -22694843 -22694848 -22694853 -22694855 -(22694864--22694865) -22694871 -22694882 -22694884 -22694888 -22694899 -22694904 -22694921 -22694924 -22695194 -22695197 -22695337 -22695345 -22695353 -22695356 -(22695362--22695363) -22695368 -22695370 -22695374 -22695381 -(22695387--22695389) -22695412 -22695416 -22698005 -22698077 -22698931 +(22701409--22701410) +(22701414--22701417) +(22701419--22701426) +(22701428--22701440) +(22701442--22701450) +(22701452--22701459) +(22701461--22701478) +(22701480--22701487) +(22701489--22701493) +(22701495--22701508) -22719530 -22730100 -22730115 -22730132 -22730148 -22730164 -22730174 -22730178 -22730188 -22730201 -22730214 -(22730226--22730229) -22730233 -(22841952--22841983) -(22851376--22851391) -(22871744--22871807) -(22952064--22952191) -(23574784--23575039) -(23800320--23800369) +(24023517--24023518) +33063445 +33063457 +33063464 -33063515 -49325645 -(49325653--49325656) -49325673 -49325675 -49325678 -49325682 -49325701 -49325730 -49325750 -(49325807--49325808) -49325852 -49325864 -49325899 -49325902 -49325945 -49326014 -49326017 -49326021 -49326033 -49326036 -49326040 -49326049 -49326060 -49326075
Fix? no
Free blocks count wrong for group #690 (21181, counted=21150).
Fix? no
Free blocks count wrong for group #691 (31209, counted=31133).
Fix? no
Free blocks count wrong for group #692 (26083, counted=26025).
Fix? no
Free blocks count wrong for group #733 (17850, counted=17852).
Fix? no
Free blocks count wrong for group #1505 (22997, counted=22970).
Fix? no
Free blocks count wrong (41208686, counted=41208496).
Fix? no
Inode bitmap differences: -2621453 -5638952 -8258714
Fix? no
Block bitmap differences: Group 690 block bitmap does not match checksum.
IGNORED.
Group 691 block bitmap does not match checksum.
IGNORED.
Group 692 block bitmap does not match checksum.
IGNORED.
Group 733 block bitmap does not match checksum.
IGNORED.
Group 1505 block bitmap does not match checksum.
IGNORED.
/dev/sda1: ********** WARNING: Filesystem still has errors **********
/dev/sda1: 98864/12845056 files (1.1% non-contiguous), 10171538/51380224 blocks
root@:~#