我正在尝试在我的个人网站服务器上设置电子邮件服务器。我大部分时间都在那里，我可以发送电子邮件，但向我设置的地址发送电子邮件似乎不会用新文件填充cur或目录new中的目录。虽然发送电子邮件后会填充（这似乎总是成功）。InboxJunkSent
相关软件包的守护进程处于活动状态，似乎没有任何警告/错误。MX 记录等似乎没问题，DKIM 测试表明一切正常，而且我也不在任何垃圾邮件列表中。此时，我基本上已经迷失了。
我在个人服务器上使用 Arch Linux，其软件包版本如下：
postfix 3.5.6-1
dovecot 2.3.10.1-2
opendkim 2.10.3-7
pigeonhole 0.5.10-2
procmail 3.22-10
spamassassin 3.4.4-3
这是系统日志的一部分（我认为 postfix 不允许有自己的日志？）。这似乎是唯一有价值信息的部分，尽管我不明白。某种 milter 问题？（此外，我还替换了个人身份信息，例如 IP 和域名）
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/cleanup[94749]: 836A924F0B: message-id=<[email protected]>
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/qmgr[94666]: 836A924F0B: from=<[email protected]>, size=499, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: public/cleanup socket: wanted attribute: status
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: input attribute name: status
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: input attribute value: 0
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: public/cleanup socket: wanted attribute: reason
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: input attribute name: reason
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: input attribute value: (end)
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: public/cleanup socket: wanted attribute: (list terminator)
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: input attribute name: (end)
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: > unknown[666.666.666.666]: 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 836A924F0B
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: abort all milters
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: milter8_abort: abort milter inet:127.0.0.1:12301
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: < unknown[666.666.666.666]: QUIT
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: > unknown[666.666.666.666]: 221 2.0.0 Bye
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: match_hostname: smtpd_client_event_limit_exceptions: unknown ~? 127.0.0.1/32Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: match_hostaddr: smtpd_client_event_limit_exceptions: 666.666.666.666 ~? 127.0.0.1/32
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: match_hostname: smtpd_client_event_limit_exceptions: unknown ~? 777.777.777.777/32
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: match_hostaddr: smtpd_client_event_limit_exceptions: 666.666.666.666 ~? 777.777.777.777/32
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: match_list_match: unknown: no match
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: match_list_match: 666.666.666.666: no match
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: send attr request = disconnect
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: send attr ident = submission666.666.666.666:
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: private/anvil: wanted attribute: status
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: input attribute name: status
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: input attribute value: 0
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: private/anvil: wanted attribute: (list terminator)
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: input attribute name: (end)
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: abort all milters
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: milter8_abort: abort milter inet:127.0.0.1:12301
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: disconnect event to all milters
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: milter8_disc_event: quit milter inet:127.0.0.1:12301
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: disconnect from unknown[666.666.666.666] ehlo=2 starttls=1 auth=1 mail=1 rcpt=1 data=1 quit=1 commands=8
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: free all milters
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: free milter inet:127.0.0.1:12301
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: master_notify: status 1
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/submission/smtpd[94741]: connection closed
Aug 05 13:01:29 user postfix/smtp[94750]: 836A924F0B: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=0.38, delays=0.21/0.06/0.11/0, dsn=5.4.6, status=bounced (mail for domain.com loops back to myself)
Aug 05 13:01:30 user postfix/cleanup[94749]: 00DA924F0E: message-id=<[email protected]>
Aug 05 13:01:30 user postfix/bounce[94751]: 836A924F0B: sender non-delivery notification: 00DA924F0E
Aug 05 13:01:30 user postfix/qmgr[94666]: 00DA924F0E: from=<>, size=2965, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 05 13:01:30 user postfix/qmgr[94666]: 836A924F0B: removed
Aug 05 13:01:30 user postfix/smtp[94750]: 00DA924F0E: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=0.06, delays=0.02/0/0.04/0, dsn=5.4.6, status=bounced (mail for domain.com loops back to myself)
Aug 05 13:01:30 user postfix/qmgr[94666]: 00DA924F0E: removed
我已经打开了必要的端口并进行了验证。在线端口检查工具确认。这里 (v6)
端口监听似乎按预期工作。以下是lsof -iTCP -sTCP:LISTEN -P
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
dovecot 92963 root 21u IPv4 963311 0t0 TCP *:110 (LISTEN)
dovecot 92963 root 22u IPv6 963312 0t0 TCP *:110 (LISTEN)
dovecot 92963 root 23u IPv4 963313 0t0 TCP *:995 (LISTEN)
dovecot 92963 root 24u IPv6 963314 0t0 TCP *:995 (LISTEN)
dovecot 92963 root 39u IPv4 963359 0t0 TCP *:143 (LISTEN)
dovecot 92963 root 40u IPv6 963360 0t0 TCP *:143 (LISTEN)
dovecot 92963 root 41u IPv4 963361 0t0 TCP *:993 (LISTEN)
dovecot 92963 root 42u IPv6 963362 0t0 TCP *:993 (LISTEN)
master 93066 root 88u IPv4 964097 0t0 TCP *:25 (LISTEN)
master 93066 root 91u IPv4 964100 0t0 TCP *:587 (LISTEN)
master 93066 root 94u IPv4 964103 0t0 TCP *:465 (LISTEN)
opendkim 93089 opendkim 3u IPv4 964461 0t0 TCP localhost:12301 (LISTEN)
spamd 93121 root 6u IPv6 964939 0t0 TCP localhost:783 (LISTEN)
spamd 93121 root 7u IPv4 964941 0t0 TCP localhost:783 (LISTEN)
spamd\x20 93144 spamd 6u IPv6 964939 0t0 TCP localhost:783 (LISTEN)
spamd\x20 93144 spamd 7u IPv4 964941 0t0 TCP localhost:783 (LISTEN)
spamd\x20 93145 spamd 6u IPv6 964939 0t0 TCP localhost:783 (LISTEN)
spamd\x20 93145 spamd 7u IPv4 964941 0t0 TCP localhost:783 (LISTEN)
smtp 93244 postfix 6u IPv4 964097 0t0 TCP *:25 (LISTEN)
以下是 postfix main.cf 的内容
compatibility_level = 2
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
command_directory = /usr/bin
daemon_directory = /usr/lib/postfix/bin
data_directory = /var/lib/postfix
mail_owner = postfix
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
alias_database = $alias_maps
debug_peer_level = 2
debugger_command =
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5
sendmail_path = /usr/bin/sendmail
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq
setgid_group = postdrop
html_directory = no
manpage_directory = /usr/share/man
sample_directory = /etc/postfix
readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix
inet_protocols = ipv4
meta_directory = /etc/postfix
shlib_directory = /usr/lib/postfix
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.domain.com/privkey.pem
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.domain.com/fullchain.pem
smtpd_use_tls = yes
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtp_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
home_mailbox = ~/Mail/Inbox/
#smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:12301 #Can't find localhost? is there some issue with /etc/hosts?
#non_smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:12301
#127.0.0.1 should work anyway I think
smtpd_milters = inet:127.0.0.1:12301
non_smtpd_milters = inet:127.0.0.1:12301
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous, noplaintext
smtpd_sasl_tls_security_options = noanonymous
myhostname = mail.domain.com
milter_default_action = accept
milter_protocol = 6
以下是 master.cf 的内容
pickup unix n - n 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - n - 0 cleanup
qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr
tlsmgr unix - - n 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - n - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - n - 0 bounce
defer unix - - n - 0 bounce
trace unix - - n - 0 bounce
verify unix - - n - 1 verify
flush unix n - n 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
relay unix - - n - - smtp
showq unix n - n - - showq
error unix - - n - - error
retry unix - - n - - error
discard unix - - n - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - n - - lmtp
anvil unix - - n - 1 anvil
scache unix - - n - 1 scache
postlog unix-dgram n - n - 1 postlogd
smtp unix - - n - - smtp
smtp inet n - y - - smtp -v
-o content_filter=spamassassin
submission inet n - y - - smtpd -v
-o syslog_name=postfix/submission
-o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
-o smtpd_tls_auth_only=yes
submissions inet n - y - - smtpd -v
-o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
-o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
spamassassin unix - n n - - pipe
user=spamd argv=/usr/bin/vendor_perl/spamc -f -e /usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -f ${sender} ${recipient}"
以下是 dovecot.conf 的内容
ssl = required
ssl_cert = </etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.domain.com/fullchain.pem
ssl_key = </etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.domain.com/privkey.pem
ssl_dh = </etc/dovecot/dh.pem
auth_mechanisms = plain login
protocols = $protocols imap
disable_plaintext_auth = no
mail_privileged_group = mail
userdb {
driver = passwd
}
passdb {
driver = pam
args = session=yes failure_show_msg=yes
}
mail_location = maildir:~/Mail:INBOX=~/Mail/Inbox:LAYOUT=fs
namespace inbox {
inbox = yes
mailbox Drafts {
special_use = \Drafts
auto = create
}
mailbox Junk {
special_use = \Junk
auto = create
autoexpunge = 30d
}
mailbox Sent {
special_use = \Sent
auto = create
}
mailbox Trash {
special_use = \Trash
auto = create
}
mailbox Archive {
special_use = \Archive
auto = create
}
mailbox Done {
auto = create
}
}
service auth {
unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {
mode = 0660
user = postfix
group = postfix
}
}
protocol lda {
mail_plugins = $mail_plugins sieve
}
protocol lmtp {
mail_plugins = $mail_plugins sieve
}
plugin {
sieve = ~/.dovecot.sieve
sieve_default = /var/lib/dovecot/sieve/default.sieve
sieve_dir = ~/.sieve
sieve_global_dir = /var/lib/dovecot/sieve/
}
#Logging
log_path = /var/log/dovecot.log
auth_verbose = yes
mail_debug = yes
auth_debug = yes
auth_debug_passwords = yes
verbose_ssl=yes
/etc/postfix/aliases 的内容
mailer-daemon: postmaster
postmaster: root
root: user
nobody: root
hostmaster: root
usenet: root
news: root
webmaster: root
www: root
ftp: root
abuse: root
noc: root
security: root
/var/lib/dovecot/sieve/default.sieve 的内容
require ["fileinto", "mailbox"];
if header :contains "X-Spam-Flag" "YES"
{
fileinto "Junk";
}
/etc/opendkim/opendkim.conf 的内容
BaseDirectory /var/lib/opendkim
Domain tzcrawford.com
KeyFile /etc/opendkim/mail.private
Selector mail
Socket inet:12301@localhost
Syslog Yes
TemporaryDirectory /run/opendkim
UMask 002
Canonicalization relaxed/simple
KeyTable file:/etc/opendkim/keytable
SigningTable refile:/etc/opendkim/signingtable
InternalHosts refile:/etc/opendkim/trustedhost
如果您有任何想法或想要更多信息，请告诉我，谢谢！
答案1
Postfix 尚未配置为接受您域名的邮件，因此当它查找域的 MX 记录并发现它指定自己作为要投递的邮件服务器时，它会抛出错误“邮件回环到我自己”。因为它实际上并不接受您域名的邮件，所以它唯一能做的就是退回邮件。
然后我们看到退回邮件本身也被退回，原因相同。随后发生的事情出现在您未发布的后续日志条目中，但通常此类邮件会被丢弃或记录在某处。
您需要配置 Postfix 以接受您的域名的邮件。这需要设置 obthmyorigin=指令main.cf，应设置为$mydomain和mydestination=指令，其中应包括本地发送邮件的几个值：
myorigin = $mydomain
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain $mydomain