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如何在启动时将 minikube start 作为 Linux 服务运行？

tag-icon • tag-icon systemd minikube
如何在启动时将 minikube start 作为 Linux 服务运行？

这个问题与如何将非管理员命令安排为 systemd 服务？

我有以下 minikube.service 文件：

[Unit]
Description=Runs minikube on startup
After=vboxautostart-service.service vboxballoonctrl-service.service vboxdrv.service vboxweb-service.service

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/minikube start
User=mark
Group=mark

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

当我从 shell 手动启动它时，它工作正常：

mark@minikube-vm:~$ sudo systemctl start minikube.service
mark@minikube-vm:~$ minikube ip
192.168.99.100
mark@minikube-vm:~$ systemctl status minikube.service
● minikube.service - Runs minikube on startup
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/minikube.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-09-25 17:32:48 UTC; 34min ago
  Process: 8388 ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/minikube start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Tasks: 46 (limit: 19141)
   CGroup: /system.slice/minikube.service
           ├─8434 /usr/lib/virtualbox/VBoxXPCOMIPCD
           ├─8439 /usr/lib/virtualbox/VBoxSVC --auto-shutdown
           ├─8618 /usr/lib/virtualbox/VBoxHeadless --comment minikube --startvm 6ec91432-0f09-4fdc-9976-6f736b15c37f --vrde config
           ├─8632 /usr/lib/virtualbox/VBoxNetDHCP --comment HostInterfaceNetworking-vboxnet0 --config /tmp/dhcp-config-kiyf3.xml
           └─8658 /usr/bin/pulseaudio --start --log-target=syslog

Sep 25 17:31:22 minikube-vm minikube[8388]: * Using the virtualbox driver based on existing profile
Sep 25 17:31:22 minikube-vm minikube[8388]: * Starting control plane node minikube in cluster minikube
Sep 25 17:31:22 minikube-vm minikube[8388]: * Restarting existing virtualbox VM for "minikube" ...
Sep 25 17:31:23 minikube-vm pulseaudio[8658]: [pulseaudio] server-lookup.c: Unable to contact D-Bus: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.NotSu
Sep 25 17:31:23 minikube-vm pulseaudio[8658]: [pulseaudio] main.c: Unable to contact D-Bus: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.NotSupported:
Sep 25 17:32:16 minikube-vm minikube[8388]: * Preparing Kubernetes v1.19.0 on Docker 19.03.12 ...
Sep 25 17:32:43 minikube-vm minikube[8388]: * Verifying Kubernetes components...
Sep 25 17:32:48 minikube-vm minikube[8388]: * Enabled addons: dashboard, default-storageclass, storage-provisioner
Sep 25 17:32:48 minikube-vm minikube[8388]: * Done! kubectl is now configured to use "minikube" by default
Sep 25 17:32:48 minikube-vm systemd[1]: Started Runs minikube on startup.
mark@minikube-vm:~$

但在机器启动时失败：

mark@minikube-vm:~$ systemctl status minikube.service
● minikube.service - Runs minikube on startup
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/minikube.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: failed (Result: timeout) since Fri 2020-09-25 17:18:09 UTC; 12min ago
  Process: 7140 ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/minikube start (code=killed, signal=TERM)

Sep 25 17:16:39 minikube-vm minikube[7140]: * Using the virtualbox driver based on existing profile
Sep 25 17:16:39 minikube-vm minikube[7140]: * Starting control plane node minikube in cluster minikube
Sep 25 17:16:39 minikube-vm minikube[7140]: * Restarting existing virtualbox VM for "minikube" ...
Sep 25 17:16:40 minikube-vm pulseaudio[7438]: [pulseaudio] server-lookup.c: Unable to contact D-Bus: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.NotSu
Sep 25 17:16:40 minikube-vm pulseaudio[7438]: [pulseaudio] main.c: Unable to contact D-Bus: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.NotSupported:
Sep 25 17:17:34 minikube-vm minikube[7140]: * Preparing Kubernetes v1.19.0 on Docker 19.03.12 ...
Sep 25 17:18:06 minikube-vm minikube[7140]: * Verifying Kubernetes components...
Sep 25 17:18:08 minikube-vm systemd[1]: minikube.service: Start operation timed out. Terminating.
Sep 25 17:18:09 minikube-vm systemd[1]: minikube.service: Failed with result 'timeout'.
Sep 25 17:18:09 minikube-vm systemd[1]: Failed to start Runs minikube on startup.
mark@minikube-vm:~$

我错过了什么？

答案1

您已启动“服务”，它基本上只是一个运行一些命令然后退出的脚本。这类事情应该在 systemd 单元中使用Type=oneshot，RemainAfterExit=yes以便 systemd 知道进程将消失，但仍认为“服务”处于活动状态。

为了完整性，您还应该添加一条匹配的ExecStop=行来停止 minikube。

systemd 文档有另一个例子这样的单位。

答案2

在 centos 8 和 7 上对我有用

创建文件位置 /usr/lib/systemd/system/minikube.service

[Unit]
Description=minikube
After=network-online.target firewalld.service containerd.service docker.service
Wants=network-online.target docker.service
Requires=docker.socket containerd.service docker.service

[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
WorkingDirectory=/root
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/minikube start --driver=none
ExecStop=/usr/local/bin/minikube stop
User=root
Group=root

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

运行以下命令来启用并启动服务

systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl enable minikube
systemctl start minikube

答案3

Ubuntu 21.04，通过 deb 安装的 minikube：还需要设置 systemd 单元工作目录以匹配 minikube 从 cmdline 运行：

[Unit]
Description=minikube

[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
WorkingDirectory=/root
ExecStart=/usr/bin/minikube start --embed-certs --driver=none
ExecStop=/usr/bin/minikube stop

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

可以使用以下方式创建单位systemctl edit --force --full minikube.service

# systemctl status minikube
● minikube.service - minikube
     Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/minikube.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (exited) since Fri 2021-06-25 03:01:57 UTC; 4s ago
    Process: 418 ExecStart=/usr/bin/minikube start --embed-certs --driver=none (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 418 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

...
Jun 25 03:01:57 minikube systemd[1]: Finished minikube.

# minikube status
minikube
type: Control Plane
host: Running
kubelet: Running
apiserver: Running
kubeconfig: Configured

~root/.kube/config包含嵌入式证书，可以在主机/虚拟机之外使用。

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