我正在使用利用 Xen 虚拟机管理程序和 libvirt 管理层构建的 VM。将 Debian 版本从 8 更新到 9 后，我无法连接到 VM，因此我尝试登录运行 VM 的物理机并使用 virsh 重新启动 VM。但是，在停止并启动 VM 后，它似乎处于重新启动循环中。域 ID 不断增加；它从 ID 8 开始，几个小时后现在已超过 400。（这shell1是域名。）
$ virsh list --all
Id Name State
----------------------------------------------------
412 shell1 running
virsh console shell1这是内核日志的结果
Escape character is ^]
0 000024 (v02 Xen )
[ 0.000000] ACPI: XSDT 0x00000000FC00A550 000054 (v01 Xen HVM 00000000 HVML 00000000)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: FACP 0x00000000FC00A280 0000F4 (v04 Xen HVM 00000000 HVML 00000000)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: DSDT 0x00000000FC001250 008FAC (v02 Xen HVM 00000000 INTL 20160831)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: FACS 0x00000000FC001210 000040
[ 0.000000] ACPI: FACS 0x00000000FC001210 000040
[ 0.000000] ACPI: APIC 0x00000000FC00A380 000068 (v02 Xen HVM 00000000 HVML 00000000)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: HPET 0x00000000FC00A460 000038 (v01 Xen HVM 00000000 HVML 00000000)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: WAET 0x00000000FC00A4A0 000028 (v01 Xen HVM 00000000 HVML 00000000)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000FC00A4D0 000031 (v02 Xen HVM 00000000 INTL 20160831)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000FC00A510 000031 (v02 Xen HVM 00000000 INTL 20160831)
[ 0.000000] No NUMA configuration found
[ 0.000000] Faking a node at [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000018f7fffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x00000000-0x18f7fffff]
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA [mem 0x18f7f9000-0x18f7fdfff]
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x00001000-0x00ffffff]
[ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x01000000-0xffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x100000000-0x18f7fffff]
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x00001000-0x0009efff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x00100000-0xefffefff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x100000000-0x18f7fffff]
[ 0.000000] ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0xb008
[ 0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x00] lapic_id[0x00] enabled)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x01] address[0xfec00000] gsi_base[0])
[ 0.000000] IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 1, version 17, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-47
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 dfl dfl)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 5 global_irq 5 low level)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 10 global_irq 10 low level)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 11 global_irq 11 low level)
[ 0.000000] Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information
[ 0.000000] ACPI: HPET id: 0x8086a201 base: 0xfed00000
[ 0.000000] smpboot: Allowing 1 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x0009f000-0x0009ffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000a0000-0x000effff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000f0000-0x000fffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xeffff000-0xefffffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xf0000000-0xfbffffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xfc000000-0xffffffff]
[ 0.000000] e820: [mem 0xf0000000-0xfbffffff] available for PCI devices
[ 0.000000] Booting paravirtualized kernel on Xen HVM
[ 0.000000] setup_percpu: NR_CPUS:512 nr_cpumask_bits:512 nr_cpu_ids:1 nr_node_ids:1
[ 0.000000] PERCPU: Embedded 27 pages/cpu @ffff88018f400000 s80960 r8192 d21440 u2097152
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Node order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 1549220
[ 0.000000] Policy zone: Normal
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-4-amd64 root=/dev/xvda2 ro elevator=noop console=ttyS0
[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.000000] AGP: Checking aperture...
[ 0.000000] AGP: No AGP bridge found
[ 0.000000] Memory: 6086104K/6282868K available (5247K kernel code, 947K rwdata, 1832K rodata, 1208K init, 840K bss, 196764K reserved)
[ 0.000000] Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] RCU dyntick-idle grace-period acceleration is enabled.
[ 0.000000] RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=512 to nr_cpu_ids=1.
[ 0.000000] RCU: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=1
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:33024 nr_irqs:256 16
[ 0.000000] xen:events: Using FIFO-based ABI
[ 0.000000] xen:events: Xen HVM callback vector for event delivery is enabled
[ 0.000000] Console: colour VGA+ 80x25
[ 0.000000] console [ttyS0] enabled
[ 0.000000] tsc: Detected 3598.992 MHz processor
[ 0.012000] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 7197.98 BogoMIPS (lpj=14395968)
[ 0.028004] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.036012] ACPI: Core revision 20140424
[ 0.051837] ACPI: All ACPI Tables successfully acquired
[ 0.060540] Security Framework initialized
[ 0.068009] AppArmor: AppArmor disabled by boot time parameter
[ 0.080003] Yama: disabled by default; enable with sysctl kernel.yama.*
[ 0.092393] Dentry cache hash table entries: 1048576 (order: 11, 8388608 bytes)
[ 0.101268] Inode-cache hash table entries: 524288 (order: 10, 4194304 bytes)
[ 0.108550] Mount-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.120032] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.136390] Initializing cgroup subsys memory
[ 0.144026] Initializing cgroup subsys devices
[ 0.152026] Initializing cgroup subsys freezer
[ 0.160016] Initializing cgroup subsys net_cls
[ 0.168021] Initializing cgroup subsys blkio
[ 0.176016] Initializing cgroup subsys perf_event
[ 0.188011] Initializing cgroup subsys net_prio
[ 0.196145] CPU: Physical Processor ID: 0
[ 0.204006] CPU: Processor Core ID: 0
[ 0.212011] mce: CPU supports 2 MCE banks
[ 0.220060] Last level iTLB entries: 4KB 512, 2MB 7, 4MB 7
[ 0.220060] Last level dTLB entries: 4KB 512, 2MB 32, 4MB 32, 1GB 0
[ 0.220060] tlb_flushall_shift: 6
[ 0.270008] Freeing SMP alternatives memory: 20K (ffffffff81a1c000 - ffffffff81a21000)
[ 0.291417] ftrace: allocating 21701 entries in 85 pages
[ 0.352435] ..TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=0 pin2=0
[ 0.407302] smpboot: CPU0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5687 @ 3.60GHz (fam: 06, model: 2c, stepping: 02)
[ 0.424050] installing Xen timer for CPU 0
[ 0.432177] Performance Events: unsupported p6 CPU model 44 no PMU driver, software events only.
[ 0.445857] x86: Booted up 1 node, 1 CPUs
[ 0.448018] smpboot: Total of 1 processors activated (7197.98 BogoMIPS)
[ 0.452469] NMI watchdog: disabled (cpu0): hardware events not enabled
[ 0.456253] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.468220] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[ 0.472141] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 0.476238] cpuidle: using governor ladder
[ 0.480019] cpuidle: using governor menu
[ 0.484089] ACPI: bus type PCI registered
[ 0.488013] acpiphp: ACPI Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.5
[ 0.492734] PCI: Using configuration type 1 for base access
[ 0.497450] ACPI: Added _OSI(Module Device)
[ 0.500013] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Device)
[ 0.504013] ACPI: Added _OSI(3.0 _SCP Extensions)
[ 0.508013] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Aggregator Device)
[ 0.522128] ACPI: Interpreter enabled
[ 0.524024] ACPI Exception: AE_NOT_FOUND, While evaluating Sleep State [\_S1_] (20140424/hwxface-580)
[ 0.535711] ACPI Exception: AE_NOT_FOUND, While evaluating Sleep State [\_S2_] (20140424/hwxface-580)
[ 0.544033] ACPI: (supports S0 S3 S4 S5)
[ 0.548012] ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing
[ 0.552054] PCI: Using host bridge windows from ACPI; if necessary, use "pci=nocrs" and report a bug
[ 0.568633] ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (domain 0000 [bus 00-ff])
[ 0.572021] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC: OS supports [ASPM ClockPM Segments MSI]
[ 0.576031] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC failed (AE_NOT_FOUND); disabling ASPM
[ 0.580343] acpi PNP0A03:00: fail to add MMCONFIG information, can't access extended PCI configuration space under this bridge.
[ 0.584888] acpiphp: Slot [3] registered
[ 0.588159] acpiphp: Slot [4] registered
[ 0.592124] acpiphp: Slot [5] registered
[ 0.596134] acpiphp: Slot [6] registered
[ 0.600131] acpiphp: Slot [7] registered
[ 0.604151] acpiphp: Slot [8] registered
[ 0.608129] acpiphp: Slot [9] registered
[ 0.612098] acpiphp: Slot [10] registered
[ 0.616120] acpiphp: Slot [11] registered
[ 0.620109] acpiphp: Slot [12] registered
[ 0.624112] acpiphp: Slot [13] registered
[ 0.628119] acpiphp: Slot [14] registered
[ 0.632154] acpiphp: Slot [15] registered
[ 0.636117] acpiphp: Slot [16] registered
[ 0.640118] acpiphp: Slot [17] registered
[ 0.644127] acpiphp: Slot [18] registered
[ 0.648119] acpiphp: Slot [19] registered
[ 0.652118] acpiphp: Slot [20] registered
[ 0.656119] acpiphp: Slot [21] registered
[ 0.660149] acpiphp: Slot [22] registered
[ 0.664119] acpiphp: Slot [23] registered
[ 0.668113] acpiphp: Slot [24] registered
[ 0.672117] acpiphp: Slot [25] registered
[ 0.676115] acpiphp: Slot [26] registered
[ 0.680117] acpiphp: Slot [27] registered
[ 0.684115] acpiphp: Slot [28] registered
[ 0.688113] acpiphp: Slot [29] registered
[ 0.692113] acpiphp: Slot [30] registered
[ 0.696139] acpiphp: Slot [31] registered
[ 0.700129] PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00
[ 0.704018] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff]
[ 0.708015] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0000-0x0cf7]
[ 0.712015] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0d00-0xffff]
[ 0.716015] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff]
[ 0.720015] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0xf0000000-0xfbffffff]
[ 0.748366] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x10: [io 0x01f0-0x01f7]
[ 0.752022] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x14: [io 0x03f6]
[ 0.756015] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x18: [io 0x0170-0x0177]
[ 0.760016] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x1c: [io 0x0376]
[ 0.768611] pci 0000:00:01.3: quirk: [io 0xb000-0xb03f] claimed by PIIX4 ACPI
[ 0.772162] pci 0000:00:01.3: quirk: [io 0xb100-0xb10f] claimed by PIIX4 SMB
[ 0.827260] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] (IRQs *5 10 11)
[ 0.831799] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] (IRQs 5 *10 11)
[ 0.835629] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] (IRQs 5 10 *11)
[ 0.839445] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] (IRQs *5 10 11)
[ 0.845239] ACPI: Enabled 2 GPEs in block 00 to 0F
[ 0.848110] xen:balloon: Initialising balloon driver
[ 0.856057] xen_balloon: Initialising balloon driver
[ 0.860266] vgaarb: setting as boot device: PCI:0000:00:03.0
[ 0.864000] vgaarb: device added: PCI:0000:00:03.0,decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none
[ 0.864021] vgaarb: loaded
[ 0.868013] vgaarb: bridge control possible 0000:00:03.0
[ 0.872044] init_memory_mapping: [mem 0x190000000-0x197ffffff]
[ 0.876187] PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing
[ 0.882529] HPET: 3 timers in total, 0 timers will be used for per-cpu timer
[ 0.884038] hpet0: at MMIO 0xfed00000, IRQs 2, 8, 0
[ 0.890542] hpet0: 3 comparators, 64-bit 62.500000 MHz counter
[ 0.896028] amd_nb: Cannot enumerate AMD northbridges
[ 0.900036] Switched to clocksource xen
[ 0.914008] pnp: PnP ACPI init
[ 0.920390] ACPI: bus type PNP registered
[ 0.928055] system 00:00: [mem 0x00000000-0x0009ffff] could not be reserved
[ 0.941437] system 00:01: [io 0x08a0-0x08a3] has been reserved
[ 0.954150] system 00:01: [io 0x0cc0-0x0ccf] has been reserved
[ 0.966208] system 00:01: [io 0x04d0-0x04d1] has been reserved
[ 0.978430] system 00:07: [io 0xae00-0xae0f] has been reserved
[ 0.989888] system 00:07: [io 0xb044-0xb047] has been reserved
[ 1.002139] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 8 devices
[ 1.010482] ACPI: bus type PNP unregistered
[ 1.026018] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 1.034611] TCP established hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 1.048711] TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[ 1.062300] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 65536 bind 65536)
[ 1.076282] TCP: reno registered
[ 1.083473] UDP hash table entries: 4096 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 1.096895] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 4096 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 1.111198] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 1.120773] pci 0000:00:00.0: Limiting direct PCI/PCI transfers
[ 1.132448] pci 0000:00:01.0: PIIX3: Enabling Passive Release
[ 1.143536] pci 0000:00:01.0: Activating ISA DMA hang workarounds
[ 1.155975] Unpacking initramfs...
[ 1.653611] Freeing initrd memory: 30932K (ffff880034386000 - ffff8800361bb000)
[ 1.664987] PCI-DMA: Using software bounce buffering for IO (SWIOTLB)
[ 1.671339] software IO TLB [mem 0xebfff000-0xeffff000] (64MB) mapped at [ffff8800ebfff000-ffff8800efffefff]
[ 1.680275] microcode: CPU0 sig=0x206c2, pf=0x1, revision=0x14
[ 1.685279] microcode: Microcode Update Driver: v2.00 <[email protected]>, Peter Oruba
[ 1.693165] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 1.702078] audit: initializing netlink subsys (disabled)
[ 1.710578] audit: type=2000 audit(1613960999.504:1): initialized
[ 1.717050] HugeTLB registered 2 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages
[ 1.723569] zbud: loaded
[ 1.726975] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.2
[ 1.732474] Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 1.742456] msgmni has been set to 11947
[ 1.749746] alg: No test for stdrng (krng)
[ 1.757405] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 252)
[ 1.771209] io scheduler noop registered (default)
[ 1.780259] io scheduler deadline registered
[ 1.788138] io scheduler cfq registered
[ 1.795348] pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
[ 1.805509] pciehp: PCI Express Hot Plug Controller Driver version: 0.4
[ 1.817802] GHES: HEST is not enabled!
[ 1.825431] xen:grant_table: Grant tables using version 1 layout
[ 1.836685] Grant table initialized
[ 1.843914] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
[ 1.897443] 00:06: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4, base_baud = 115200) is a 16550A
[ 1.912105] Linux agpgart interface v0.103
[ 1.920107] i8042: PNP: PS/2 Controller [PNP0303:PS2K,PNP0f13:PS2M] at 0x60,0x64 irq 1,12
[ 1.940049] serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1
[ 1.948666] serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12
[ 1.958392] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[ 1.966923] input: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard as /devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input1
[ 1.981401] input: Xen Virtual Keyboard as /devices/virtual/input/input2
[ 1.995164] input: Xen Virtual Pointer as /devices/virtual/input/input4
[ 2.018214] rtc_cmos 00:02: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0
[ 2.029967] rtc_cmos 00:02: alarms up to one day, 114 bytes nvram, hpet irqs
[ 2.043409] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs
[ 2.055112] AMD IOMMUv2 driver by Joerg Roedel <[email protected]>
[ 2.067465] AMD IOMMUv2 functionality not available on this system
[ 2.079793] TCP: cubic registered
[ 2.086264] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[ 2.094962] mip6: Mobile IPv6
[ 2.100560] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[ 2.108302] mpls_gso: MPLS GSO support
[ 2.115426] registered taskstats version 1
[ 2.124182] xenbus_probe_frontend: Device with no driver: device/vbd/51712
[ 2.136918] xenbus_probe_frontend: Device with no driver: device/vif/0
[ 2.150014] rtc_cmos 00:02: setting system clock to 2021-02-22 02:30:00 UTC (1613961000)
[ 2.168960] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1208K (ffffffff818ee000 - ffffffff81a1c000)
[ 2.184230] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 8192k
[ 2.196185] Freeing unused kernel memory: 884K (ffff880001523000 - ffff880001600000)
[ 2.211466] Freeing unused kernel memory: 216K (ffff8800017ca000 - ffff880001800000)
[ 2.227230] Failed to execute /init (error -8)
[ 2.236746] Starting init: /sbin/init exists but couldn't execute it (error -8)
[ 2.251559] Starting init: /bin/sh exists but couldn't execute it (error -8)
[ 2.265834] Kernel panic - not syncing: No working init found. Try passing init= option to kernel. See Linux Documentation/init.txt for guidance.
[ 2.269815] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 3.16.0-4-amd64 #1 Debian 3.16.39-1
[ 2.269815] Hardware name: Xen HVM domU, BIOS 4.8.5 01/10/2020
[ 2.269815] 0000000000000000 ffffffff81514c11 ffffffff81705310 ffff8801880f3f40
[ 2.269815] ffffffff8151195e ffffffff00000008 ffff8801880f3f50 ffff8801880f3ef0
[ 2.269815] ffff8801880f3ef8 0000000000000046 000000000000093d 000000000000093d
[ 2.269815] Call Trace:
[ 2.269815] [<ffffffff81514c11>] ? dump_stack+0x5d/0x78
[ 2.269815] [<ffffffff8151195e>] ? panic+0xc8/0x206
[ 2.269815] [<ffffffff81507da0>] ? rest_init+0x80/0x80
[ 2.269815] [<ffffffff81507e82>] ? kernel_init+0xe2/0xf0
[ 2.269815] [<ffffffff8151ad18>] ? ret_from_fork+0x58/0x90
[ 2.269815] [<ffffffff81507da0>] ? rest_init+0x80/0x80
[ 2.269815] Kernel Offset: 0x0 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffff9fffffff)
然后ID继续增加。
我该怎么做才能调试此问题？我不想使用 virsh destroy，因为有损坏文件系统的风险。我是否应该尝试备份与 VM 存储池关联的 OpenAFS 卷？我无法使用 guestmount 工作，guestmount -m /dev/sda --ro -a /dev/opc-vg.shell1/shell1-disk /mnt因为它显示操作不允许。
答案1
当我更新时，我的虚拟机磁盘空间不足。然后当我重新启动时，内核无法正确加载 init，可能是因为没有为新内核正确创建新的 initramfs。幸运的是，我仍然可以使用 暂停虚拟机virsh suspend或使用 阻止虚拟机因崩溃而重新启动（XML 中的默认行为）virsh destroy，然后使用 挂载虚拟机的卷guestmount并复制文件。与尝试恢复损坏的内核相比，创建新虚拟机并 rsync 文件要容易得多，所以我会这样做。