以下是我的 2 个磁盘 Raid1 阵列的 lsblk、mdadm 和 /proc/mdstat 的输出
anand@ironman:~$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
|-sda1 8:1 0 976M 0 part
| `-md0 9:0 0 975.4M 0 raid1
| `-vg_boot-boot (dm-6) 253:6 0 972M 0 lvm /boot
`-sda2 8:2 0 464.8G 0 part
sdb 8:16 0 465.8G 0 disk
|-sdb1 8:17 0 976M 0 part
`-sdb2 8:18 0 464.8G 0 part
`-md1 9:1 0 464.7G 0 raid1
|-vg00-root (dm-0) 253:0 0 93.1G 0 lvm /
|-vg00-home (dm-1) 253:1 0 96.6G 0 lvm /home
|-vg00-var (dm-2) 253:2 0 46.6G 0 lvm /var
|-vg00-usr (dm-3) 253:3 0 46.6G 0 lvm /usr
|-vg00-swap1 (dm-4) 253:4 0 7.5G 0 lvm [SWAP]
`-vg00-tmp (dm-5) 253:5 0 952M 0 lvm /tmp
anand@ironman:~$ cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md1 : active raid1 sdb2[1]
487253824 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U]
md0 : active raid1 sda1[0]
998848 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
unused devices: <none>
anand@ironman:~$ sudo mdadm -D /dev/md0 /dev/md1
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Wed May 22 21:00:35 2013
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 998848 (975.60 MiB 1022.82 MB)
Used Dev Size : 998848 (975.60 MiB 1022.82 MB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Thu Oct 21 14:35:36 2021
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : ironman:0 (local to host ironman)
UUID : cbcb9fb6:f7727516:9328d30a:0a970c9b
Events : 4415
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1
1 0 0 1 removed
/dev/md1:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Wed May 22 21:00:47 2013
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 487253824 (464.68 GiB 498.95 GB)
Used Dev Size : 487253824 (464.68 GiB 498.95 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Thu Oct 21 14:35:45 2021
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : ironman:1 (local to host ironman)
UUID : 3f64c0ce:fcb9ff92:d5fd68d7:844b7e12
Events : 63025777
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 0 0 0 removed
1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2
使用哪些命令来从 raid1 故障中恢复？
我是否必须购买一块新硬盘才能安全地重新组装 raid1 设置？
更新 1：
anand@ironman:~$ sudo smartctl -H /dev/sda
smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.2.0-4-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Please note the following marginal Attributes:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 054 040 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 46 (0 174 46 28)
anand@ironman:~$ sudo smartctl -H /dev/sdb
smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.2.0-4-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
anand@ironman:~$
智能信息：
smartctl -a -data /dev/sda 的输出 smartctl -a -data /dev/sdb 的输出
更新 2：
anand@ironman:~$ sudo blkid -o list
device fs_type label mount point UUID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/dev/sda1 linux_raid_member ironman:0 (in use) cbcb9fb6-f772-7516-9328-d30a0a970c9b
/dev/sda2 linux_raid_member ironman:1 (not mounted) 3f64c0ce-fcb9-ff92-d5fd-68d7844b7e12
/dev/sdb1 linux_raid_member ironman:0 (not mounted) cbcb9fb6-f772-7516-9328-d30a0a970c9b
/dev/sdb2 linux_raid_member ironman:1 (in use) 3f64c0ce-fcb9-ff92-d5fd-68d7844b7e12
/dev/md0 LVM2_member (in use) JKI3Lr-VdDK-Ogsk-KOQk-jSKJ-udAV-Vt4ckP
/dev/md1 LVM2_member (in use) CAqW3D-WJ7g-2lbw-G3cn-nidp-2jdQ-evFe7r
/dev/mapper/vg00-root ext4 root / 82334ff8-3eff-4fc7-9b86-b11eeda314ae
/dev/mapper/vg00-home ext4 home /home 8e9f74dd-08e4-45a3-a492-d4eaf22a1d68
/dev/mapper/vg00-var ext4 var /var 0e798199-3219-458d-81b8-b94a5736f1be
/dev/mapper/vg00-usr ext4 usr /usr d8a335fc-72e6-4b98-985e-65cff08c4e22
/dev/mapper/vg00-swap1 swap <swap> b95ee4ca-fcca-487f-b6ff-d6c0d49426d8
/dev/mapper/vg00-tmp ext4 tmp /tmp c879fae8-bd25-431d-be3e-6120d0381cb8
/dev/mapper/vg_boot-boot ext4 boot /boot 12684df6-6c4a-450f-8ed1-d3149609a149
-- 更新 2 结束
更新 3-遵循 Nikita 的建议后：
/dev/md0: │
Version : 1.2 │
Creation Time : Wed May 22 21:00:35 2013 │
Raid Level : raid1 │
Array Size : 998848 (975.60 MiB 1022.82 MB) │
Used Dev Size : 998848 (975.60 MiB 1022.82 MB) │
Raid Devices : 2 │
Total Devices : 2 │
Persistence : Superblock is persistent │
│
Update Time : Fri Oct 22 21:20:09 2021 │
State : clean │
Active Devices : 2 │
Working Devices : 2 │
Failed Devices : 0 │
Spare Devices : 0 │
│
Name : ironman:0 (local to host ironman) │
UUID : cbcb9fb6:f7727516:9328d30a:0a970c9b │
Events : 4478 │
│
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State │
0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 │
2 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
anand@ironman:~/.scripts/automatem/bkp$ sudo mdadm -D /dev/md1 │
/dev/md1: │
Version : 1.2 │
Creation Time : Wed May 22 21:00:47 2013 │
Raid Level : raid1 │
Array Size : 487253824 (464.68 GiB 498.95 GB) │
Used Dev Size : 487253824 (464.68 GiB 498.95 GB) │
Raid Devices : 2 │
Total Devices : 2 │
Persistence : Superblock is persistent │
│
Update Time : Fri Oct 22 21:21:37 2021 │
State : clean │
Active Devices : 2 │
Working Devices : 2 │
Failed Devices : 0 │
Spare Devices : 0 │
│
Name : ironman:1 (local to host ironman) │
UUID : 3f64c0ce:fcb9ff92:d5fd68d7:844b7e12 │
Events : 63038935 │
│
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State │
2 8 18 0 active sync /dev/sdb2 │
1 8 34 1 active sync /dev/sdc2
谢谢你们！
阿南德
答案1
看起来你的两个磁盘都快坏了：
/dev/sda:
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 096 096 020 Old_age Always - 5039
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 240
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 079 079 000 Old_age Always - 21
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 044 015 000 Old_age Always - 26908616
/dev/sdb:
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 4911
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 088 088 005 Pre-fail Always - 90
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 114
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 9640
所以，再说一次，永远不要相信它对自己说的话，它在撒谎！
您需要连接一个第三磁盘，对其进行分区并将其添加到您的 RAID 中。等待它完成重建。在那里安装引导加载程序。然后删除这两个失败的，并连接第四并再次复制以恢复冗余。
并设立定期检查和监控，以避免将来再次发生此类危险情况。
看到带有 LVM 的独立引导 RAID 阵列令人吃惊。非常不寻常。独立引导分区的最初目的是不将其放在 LVM 中，以便更容易访问（早期的引导加载程序对 LVM 一无所知，因此这是必需的）。