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Windows 2019 .BAT 脚本中的奇怪行为

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Windows 2019 .BAT 脚本中的奇怪行为

我必须将备份从 Linux MariaDB 恢复到 Windows MariaDB，PowerBI 网关将在其中导入其数据。“mariabackup”是 MariaDB 的物理备份工具。但要恢复它，目标文件夹 ( %programfiles%\MariaDB 10.3\data\) 必须为空。

由于rmdir /S /Q "%programfiles%\MariaDB 10.3\data\将删除“数据”目录（我不想要！），我一直在努力在以下脚本（uncompress.bat）中避免这种不必要的行为：

rem Uncompress the backup sent by the linux server
rem and imports it to MariaDB
rem Gilberto Martins - 19/11/2021

rem Uncompress the backup
rem The backup path is "mnt\external01\"
tar -xf c:\users\mariabkp\bkp.tgz -C c:\users\mariabkp\

rem Stop MariaDB
net stop mysql

rem Prepare the Backup for Restoration
"C:\Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\bin\mariabackup.exe" --prepare --target-dir="c:\users\mariabkp\mnt\external01\backup"\

rem Erase the Database files
del /q "C:\Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\data\*.*"
FOR /D %p IN ("c:\Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\data\*") DO rmdir "%p" /s /q

rem Import backup to MariaDB
"C:\Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\bin\mariabackup.exe" --move-back --target-dir="c:\users\mariabkp\mnt\external01\backup"\

rem Restore MariaDB conf file
copy "c:\Users\Administrator\my.ini" "c:\Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\data" /y

rem Start MariaDB
net start mysql

我工作得很好，直到我必须删除文件才能进行恢复，正如您所看到的：

Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17763.1935]
(c) 2018 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

C:\Users\Administrator>uncompress.bat

C:\Users\Administrator>rem Uncompress the backup sent by the linux server

C:\Users\Administrator>rem and imports it to MariaDB

C:\Users\Administrator>rem Gilberto Martins - 19/11/2021

C:\Users\Administrator>rem Uncompress the backup

C:\Users\Administrator>rem The backup path is "mnt\external01\backup"

C:\Users\Administrator>tar -xf c:\users\mariabkp\bkp.tgz -C c:\users\mariabkp\

C:\Users\Administrator>rem Stop MariaDB

C:\Users\Administrator>net stop mysql
The MySQL service is stopping.
The MySQL service was stopped successfully.


C:\Users\Administrator>rem Prepare the Backup for Restoration

C:\Users\Administrator>"C:\Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\bin\mariabackup.exe" --prepare --target-dir="c:\users\mariabkp\mnt\external01\backup"\
C:\Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\bin\mariabackup.exe based on MariaDB server 10.3.31-MariaDB Win64 (AMD64)
[00] 2021-11-22 16:26:29 cd to c:\users\mariabkp\mnt\external01\backup\
[00] 2021-11-22 16:26:29 open files limit requested 0, set to 0
[00] 2021-11-22 16:26:29 This target seems to be not prepared yet.
[00] 2021-11-22 16:26:29 mariabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
[00] 2021-11-22 16:26:29 innodb_data_home_dir = .
[00] 2021-11-22 16:26:29 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend
[00] 2021-11-22 16:26:29 innodb_log_group_home_dir = .
[00] 2021-11-22 16:26:29 Starting InnoDB instance for recovery.
[00] 2021-11-22 16:26:29 mariabackup: Using 104857600 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter)
2021-11-22 16:26:29 0 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use Windows interlocked functions
2021-11-22 16:26:29 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
2021-11-22 16:26:29 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
2021-11-22 16:26:29 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
2021-11-22 16:26:29 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using SSE2 crc32 instructions
2021-11-22 16:26:29 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 100M, instances = 1, chunk size = 100M
2021-11-22 16:26:29 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2021-11-22 16:26:29 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting crash recovery from checkpoint LSN=7032026737757
2021-11-22 16:26:29 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting final batch to recover 68 pages from redo log.
[00] 2021-11-22 16:26:30 Last binlog file , position 0
[00] 2021-11-22 16:26:31 completed OK!

C:\Users\Administrator>rem Erase the Database files

C:\Users\Administrator>del /q "C:\Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\data\*.*"
\Program was unexpected at this time.

C:\Users\Administrator>FOR /D \Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\data\*") DO rmdir "p" /s /q

C:\Users\Administrator>

我的问题：

  1. 为什么\Program was unexpected at this time.当我尝试del /q "C:\Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\data\*.*"

  2. 为什么原始指令FOR /D %p IN ("c:\Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\data\*") DO rmdir "%p" /s /q被回显为FOR /D \Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\data\*") DO rmdir "p" /s /q？看起来（但我不确定）它可能与“％p”变量有关。

  3. 为什么剩余的指令（导入备份、恢复 my.ini 和启动 MariaDB）没有执行？

我必须承认，我是 Windows 脚本方面的新手。我认为没有必要仅为一个脚本安装完整的 Python3！

更新：我尝试在“准备备份以进行恢复”之前“擦除数据库文件”，但得到了相同的结果，即它在“FOR”指令上停止。

答案1

输出确实令人困惑，因为它在 FOR 的回显之前显示了 FOR 的输出，因此看起来上面的行失败了，但事实并非如此。

修复很简单，只需将变量的 % 加倍，就像这样......

FOR /D %%p IN ("c:\Program Files\MariaDB 10.3\data\*") DO rmdir "%%p" /s /q

我可以告诉你，即使是过去经验丰富的批处理文件脚本编写者也会为这些东西而抓狂。我个人会用 PowerShell 来自动执行此操作，因为现在它对所有 Windows 安装来说都是开箱即用的。如果有 Python 的话，它也是很棒的。:-)

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