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Nginx 查询字符串重写

tag-icon • tag-icon nginx nginx-reverse-proxy
Nginx 查询字符串重写

我有如下配置，但出现 500 错误。这个错误可能出在哪里？

upstream masterservers {server 192.168.1.1:8000;}
upstream slaveservers {server 192.168.1.2:8001;}

map $request_uri $redirect_to {
    "target=master"     masterservers;
    "target=slave"   slaveservers;
}

server {
    listen 80;
        server_name 192.168.1.10;

       location / {
        proxy_pass              http://$redirect_to;
    }

}

当我调用以下 URL 时，出现以下错误。

http://192.168.1.10/app/index.html?target=master

http://192.168.1.10/app/index.html?target=slave

Nginx 日志：*2 invalid URL prefix in "http://", client: 192.168.1.11, server: 192.168.1.10, request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", host: "192.168.1.10", referrer: "http://192.168.1.10/app/index.html?target=master"

答案1

您正在将（从您的示例中$request_uri等于 ）与和字符串进行比较。没有匹配项，因此变量变为空字符串。如果您想检查 是否包含或子字符串，您可以在块内使用正则表达式模式：/app/index.html?target=mastertarget=mastertarget=slave$redirect_to$request_uritarget=mastertarget=slavemap

map $request_uri $redirect_to {
    "~target=master"     masterservers;
    "~target=slave"      slaveservers;
}

或者更好地检查$arg_target变量值：

map $arg_target $redirect_to {
    master     masterservers;
    slave      slaveservers;
}

当请求中未指定查询参数（或其值无效）时，还请考虑使用某些default值：target

map $arg_target $redirect_to {
    master     masterservers;
    slave      slaveservers;
    default    masterservers;
}

最后一个可以简化为

map $arg_target $redirect_to {
    slave      slaveservers;
    default    masterservers;
}

或者做一些初步检查，例如

map $arg_target $redirect_to {
    master     masterservers;
    slave      slaveservers;
}
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name 192.168.1.10;

    if ($redirect_to = '') {
        return 501; # HTTP 501 Not Implemented
    }

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://$redirect_to;
    }

}

更新

如果我正确理解了您的附加问题 - 如何从与主 HTML 文件相同的上游加载所有资产 - 您可以尝试使用两个链式块从 HTTPReferer标头值中获取上游名称（如果查询参数不存在）：targetmap


map $arg_target $redirect_to {
    master     masterservers;
    slave      slaveservers;
    default    $by_referer;
}
map $http_referer $by_referer {
    "~target=master"     masterservers;
    "~target=slave"      slaveservers;
}
server {
    ...
}

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