安装 Oracle Linux 时，您需要选择软件。当您选择服务器、最小安装以及标准或无头管理等子包时，实际安装的包是什么？
答案1
您将需要一个可运行的 RHEL 系统来检查这些“环境”中实际的内容。您可以使用docker run --rm -it oraclelinux:8以下命令运行。
这些映射到 dnf 中的“软件包组”。您可以使用以下命令列出所有可用组dnf group list：
# dnf group list
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
Last metadata expiration check: 1:09:51 ago on Wed May 25 09:37:23 2022.
Available Environment Groups:
Server with GUI
Server
Workstation
Custom Operating System
Virtualization Host
Installed Environment Groups:
Minimal Install
Available Groups:
PostgreSQL Database Server 14 PGDG
PostgreSQL Database Server 13 PGDG
PostgreSQL Database Server 12 PGDG
PostgreSQL Database Server 11 PGDG
PostgreSQL Database Server 10 PGDG
Legacy UNIX Compatibility
Container Management
Development Tools
.NET Core Development
Graphical Administration Tools
Headless Management
Network Servers
RPM Development Tools
Scientific Support
Security Tools
Smart Card Support
System Tools
您将看到与安装程序 GUI 中相同的名称，以及更多内容。您想知道“最小安装”中的内容吗？使用dnf group info：
# dnf group info 'Minimal Install'
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
Last metadata expiration check: 1:11:11 ago on Wed May 25 09:37:23 2022.
Environment Group: Minimal Install
Description: Basic functionality.
Mandatory Groups:
Core
Optional Groups:
Guest Agents
Standard
好的，那么如果您再次选择该standard组，会安装什么？dnf group info
# dnf group info 'Standard'
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
Last metadata expiration check: 1:12:50 ago on Wed May 25 09:37:23 2022.
Group: Standard
Description: The standard installation of Oracle Linux.
Mandatory Packages:
acl
at
attr
bc
cpio
crontabs
cyrus-sasl-plain
dbus
ed
file
iptstate
irqbalance
logrotate
lsof
mcelog
microcode_ctl
net-tools
oraclelinux-release
pciutils
psacct
quota
redhat-release
rsyslog-gnutls
rsyslog-gssapi
rsyslog-relp
sudo
symlinks
systemd-udev
tar
tree
util-linux-user
Default Packages:
bash-completion
blktrace
bpftool
bzip2
chrony
cockpit
cryptsetup
dnf-plugin-spacewalk
dos2unix
dosfstools
ethtool
fprintd-pam
gnupg2
kmod-kvdo
ledmon
libstoragemgmt
lvm2
mailcap
man-pages
mdadm
mlocate
mtr
nano
nmap-ncat
nvme-cli
pinfo
plymouth
realmd
rhn-client-tools
rhn-setup
rhnlib
rhnsd
rsync
smartmontools
sos
sssd
strace
tcpdump
teamd
time
unzip
usbutils
vdo
vim-enhanced
virt-what
wget
which
words
xfsdump
zip
Optional Packages:
cifs-utils
cockpit-doc
fwupd
fwupdate
ima-evm-utils
nfs-utils
nvmetcli
traceroute
vdo-support
zsh
如果你不勾选任何复选框，会安装什么？软件包Core：
# dnf group info 'Core'
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
Last metadata expiration check: 1:13:43 ago on Wed May 25 09:37:23 2022.
Group: Core
Description: Smallest possible installation
Mandatory Packages:
NetworkManager
audit
basesystem
bash
bcache-tools
btrfs-progs
coreutils
cronie
curl
dnf
dnf-plugin-spacewalk
e2fsprogs
filesystem
firewalld
glibc
grubby
hostname
initscripts
iproute
iprutils
iputils
irqbalance
kbd
kernel-uek
kexec-tools
less
libzstd
man-db
ncurses
nvme-cli
nvmetcli
openssh-clients
openssh-server
oraclelinux-release-el8
parted
passwd
plymouth
policycoreutils
procps-ng
rhn-client-tools
rhn-setup
rhnlib
rhnsd
rootfiles
rpm
rsyslog
selinux-policy-targeted
setup
shadow-utils
sssd-common
sssd-kcm
sudo
systemd
tuned
util-linux
vim-minimal
xfsprogs
yum
Default Packages:
NetworkManager-team
NetworkManager-tui
authselect
biosdevname
dnf-plugins-core
dracut-config-rescue
iwl100-firmware
iwl1000-firmware
iwl105-firmware
iwl135-firmware
iwl2000-firmware
iwl2030-firmware
iwl3160-firmware
iwl5000-firmware
iwl5150-firmware
iwl6000-firmware
iwl6000g2a-firmware
iwl6050-firmware
iwl7260-firmware
kernel-tools
libsysfs
linux-firmware
lshw
lsscsi
microcode_ctl
prefixdevname
sg3_utils
sg3_utils-libs
Optional Packages:
dracut-config-generic
dracut-network
initial-setup
ocfs2-tools
oracle-database-preinstall-21c
rdma-core
selinux-policy-mls
tboot
好消息——您可以在最小安装中期待 openssh-server，这正是我想要检查的。