我尝试使用带有 strongswan 的 Linux 发行版连接到 r81.10 网关。网关仅接受用户：密码。使用 Windows 版本的 Checkpoint Endpoint 软件进行测试。必须使用 ikev1。
错误看起来像是 PSK 不匹配，但应该使用 xauth-hybrid。因此服务器通过证书进行验证（从智能控制台导出并导入到 strongswan）并且客户端使用用户名：密码进行验证。
我找不到什么问题。
有人可以给出提示吗？
ipsec.conf：
config setup
charondebug="ike 4,knl 4,cfg 3,chd 4"
conn checkpointvpn
type=tunnel
leftfirewall=yes
rightauth=pubkey
leftauth=xauth #no difference in using xauth-eap or xauth-hydrid
keyexchange=ikev1
xauth_identity=<username>
leftsourceip=%config
right=1.2.3.4 # r81.10 gateway ip
rightid=1.2.3.4
rightsubnet=0.0.0.0/0
rightcert=gateway.pem
ike=aes256-sha1-modp1024
esp=3des-sha1
lifetime=1h
reauth=yes
rekey=yes
margintime=1m
auto=add
dpdaction=restart
dpddelay=30s
dpdtimeout=60s
ipsec.秘密：
<username> : EAP "<password>"
ipsec 版本：
Linux strongSwan U5.9.8/K6.1.0-kali5-amd64
University of Applied Sciences Rapperswil, Switzerland
ipsec 启动 checkpointvpn：
initiating Main Mode IKE_SA checkpointvpn[1] to 1.2.3.4
generating ID_PROT request 0 [ SA V V V V V ]
sending packet: from 192.168.178.94[500] to 1.2.3.4[500] (240 bytes)
received packet: from 1.2.3.4[500] to 192.168.178.94[500] (124 bytes)
parsed ID_PROT response 0 [ SA V V ]
received FRAGMENTATION vendor ID
received NAT-T (RFC 3947) vendor ID
selected proposal: IKE:AES_CBC_256/HMAC_SHA1_96/PRF_HMAC_SHA1/MODP_1024
generating ID_PROT request 0 [ KE No NAT-D NAT-D ]
sending packet: from 192.168.178.94[500] to 1.2.3.4[500] (244 bytes)
received packet: from 1.2.3.4[500] to 192.168.178.94[500] (232 bytes)
parsed ID_PROT response 0 [ KE No NAT-D NAT-D ]
local host is behind NAT, sending keep alives
generating ID_PROT request 0 [ ID HASH N(INITIAL_CONTACT) ]
sending packet: from 192.168.178.94[4500] to 1.2.3.4[4500] (108 bytes)
received packet: from 1.2.3.4[4500] to 192.168.178.94[4500] (40 bytes)
parsed INFORMATIONAL_V1 request 812249139 [ N(INVAL_ID) ]
ignoring unprotected INFORMATIONAL from 1.2.3.4
message verification failed
ignore malformed INFORMATIONAL request
INFORMATIONAL_V1 request with message ID 812249139 processing failed
sending retransmit 1 of request message ID 0, seq 3
sending packet: from 192.168.178.94[4500] to 1.2.3.4[4500] (108 bytes)
sending retransmit 2 of request message ID 0, seq 3
sending packet: from 192.168.178.94[4500] to 1.2.3.4[4500] (108 bytes)
编辑1：参见评论，modidy leftid 有帮助。下一个问题是，根据网关日志，客户端似乎发送了格式错误的数据包：但是下一个问题是：
└─# charon-cmd --host 1.2.3.4 --identity [email protected] --xauth-username [email protected] --ike-proposal aes256-sha1-modp1024 --profile ikev1-hybrid --cert /home/xxx/Desktop/xxxxxx.pem
00[PTS] TPM 2.0 - could not load "libtss2-tcti-tabrmd.so.0"
00[LIB] plugin 'tpm': failed to load - tpm_plugin_create returned NULL
00[LIB] providers loaded by OpenSSL: default legacy
00[LIB] created TUN device: ipsec1
00[LIB] dropped capabilities, running as uid 0, gid 0
00[DMN] Starting charon-cmd IKE client (strongSwan 5.9.8, Linux 6.1.0-kali5-amd64, x86_64)
00[LIB] loaded plugins: charon-cmd ldap pkcs11 aesni aes rc2 sha2 sha1 md5 mgf1 rdrand random nonce x509 revocation constraints pubkey pkcs1 pkcs7 pkcs12 sshkey pem openssl gcrypt pkcs8 af-alg fips-prf gmp curve25519 agent chapoly xcbc cmac hmac kdf ctr ccm gcm drbg curl kernel-libipsec kernel-netlink resolve socket-default bypass-lan eap-identity eap-md5 eap-gtc eap-mschapv2 eap-tls eap-ttls xauth-generic
00[JOB] spawning 16 worker threads
09[IKE] installed bypass policy for 192.168.178.0/24
11[IKE] initiating Main Mode IKE_SA cmd[1] to 1.2.3.4
09[KNL] error installing route with policy fe80::/64 === fe80::/64 out
11[ENC] generating ID_PROT request 0 [ SA V V V V V ]
09[IKE] installed bypass policy for fe80::/64
09[IKE] interface change for bypass policy for fe80::/64 (from ipsec0 to eth0)
09[KNL] error installing route with policy fe80::/64 === fe80::/64 out
11[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.178.94[47267] to 1.2.3.4[4500] (180 bytes)
13[NET] received packet: from 1.2.3.4[4500] to 192.168.178.94[47267] (124 bytes)
13[ENC] parsed ID_PROT response 0 [ SA V V ]
13[IKE] received FRAGMENTATION vendor ID
13[IKE] received NAT-T (RFC 3947) vendor ID
13[CFG] selected proposal: IKE:AES_CBC_256/HMAC_SHA1_96/PRF_HMAC_SHA1/MODP_1024
13[ENC] generating ID_PROT request 0 [ KE No NAT-D NAT-D ]
13[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.178.94[47267] to 1.2.3.4[4500] (244 bytes)
12[NET] received packet: from 1.2.3.4[4500] to 192.168.178.94[47267] (232 bytes)
12[ENC] parsed ID_PROT response 0 [ KE No NAT-D NAT-D ]
12[IKE] local host is behind NAT, sending keep alives
12[IKE] remote host is behind NAT
12[ENC] generating ID_PROT request 0 [ ID HASH N(INITIAL_CONTACT) ]
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.178.94[38829] to 1.2.3.4[4500] (124 bytes)
02[NET] received packet: from 1.2.3.4[4500] to 192.168.178.94[38829] (1756 bytes)
02[ENC] parsed ID_PROT response 0 [ ID CERT CERT SIG N((24576)) V ]
02[IKE] received DPD vendor ID
02[IKE] received end entity cert "O=management..xxxxxx, CN=xxxxxx VPN Certificate"
02[IKE] received issuer cert "O=management..xxxxxx"
02[CFG] using trusted certificate "O=management..xxxxxx, CN=xxxxxx VPN Certificate"
02[CFG] using untrusted intermediate certificate "O=management..xxxxxx"
02[CFG] self-signed certificate "O=management..xxxxxx" is not trusted
02[CFG] checking certificate status of "O=management..xxxxxx, CN=xxxxxx VPN Certificate"
02[CFG] fetching crl from 'O=management..xxxxxx, CN=ICA_CRL4' ...
02[LIB] unable to fetch from O=management..xxxxxx, CN=ICA_CRL4, no capable fetcher found
02[CFG] crl fetching failed
02[CFG] fetching crl from 'http://fwmgt.domain.local:18264/ICA_CRL4.crl' ...
02[LIB] libcurl request failed [7]: Failed to connect to fwmgt.domain.local port 18264 after 0 ms: Couldn't connect to server
02[CFG] crl fetching failed
02[CFG] certificate status is not available
02[IKE] authentication of '1.2.3.4' with RSA_EMSA_PKCS1_NULL successful
16[NET] received packet: from 1.2.3.4[4500] to 192.168.178.94[38829] (1756 bytes)
16[IKE] received retransmit of response with ID 0, but next request already sent
14[NET] received packet: from 1.2.3.4[4500] to 192.168.178.94[38829] (1756 bytes)
14[IKE] received retransmit of response with ID 0, but next request already sent
09[NET] received packet: from 1.2.3.4[4500] to 192.168.178.94[38829] (76 bytes)
09[ENC] parsed TRANSACTION request 863364433 [ HASH CPRQ(SUBNET SUP) ]
09[ENC] generating TRANSACTION response 863364433 [ HASH CP ]
09[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.178.94[38829] to 1.2.3.4[4500] (76 bytes)
11[NET] received packet: from 1.2.3.4[4500] to 192.168.178.94[38829] (40 bytes)
11[IKE] queueing INFORMATIONAL_V1 request as tasks still active